1905 in India

• Emperor of India – Edward VII
• Viceroy of India – George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston
• Viceroy of India – Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto (from 18 November)

• National income - ₹9,910 million
• 4 April – The 7.8 M_s  Kangra earthquake shook the Kangra Valley with a maximum EMS-98 intensity of IX (Destructive), killing more than 20,000 people
• Partition of Bengal.
• George, Prince of Wales and Princess Mary tour India, 1905–06[1]

• Indian Railway Board Act[2]

• 2 January – Jainendra Kumar, novelist (died 1988).
• 16 January – Dr. Manubhai P. Vaidya, educationist and recipient of Best Teacher Award from Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, the President of India (died 1966).
• 18 March － Malti Bedekar, feminist author(died 2001).
• 21 March – Kushal Konwar, Indian National Congress President of Golaghat, later on first martyr of Quit India Movement. Died on 15 June 1943 hanged till death by British.
• 10 May – Pankaj Mullick, singer and composer (died 1978).
• 17 August – Bhudo Advani, actor (died 1985).
• 29 August – Dhyan Chand, field hockey player (died 1979).
• 9 September – Brahmarishi Hussain Sha, seventh head of Sri Viswa Viznana Vidya Adhyatmika Peetham and scholar (died 1981).
• 12 December – Mulk Raj Anand, novelist in English (died 2004).

• 19 January – Debendranath Tagore, founder in 1848 of the Brahmo Religion (born 1817).

Full Date Unknown

• Protap Chunder Mozoomdar, writer and leader of the Brahmo Samaj (born in 1840)