1955 Ontario general election

The 1955 Ontario general election was held on June 9, 1955, to elect the 98 members of the 25th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the Province of Ontario.[1]

1955 Ontario general election

June 9, 1955

98 seats in the 25th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
50 seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader Leslie Frost Farquhar Oliver
Party Progressive Conservative Liberal
Leader since April 27, 1949 April 9, 1954
Leader's seat Victoria Grey South
Last election 79 8
Seats won 83 11
Seat change Increase4 Increase3
Percentage 48.5% 33.3%
Swing ±0.0pp Decrease1.8pp

  Third party
 
Leader Donald C. MacDonald
Party Co-operative Commonwealth
Leader since November 21, 1953
Leader's seat York South
Last election 2
Seats won 3
Seat change Increase1
Percentage 16.5%
Swing Decrease2.6pp

Premier before election

Leslie Frost
Progressive Conservative

Premier after election

Leslie Frost
Progressive Conservative

The Ontario Progressive Conservative Party, led by Leslie Frost, won a fifth consecutive term in office, increasing its caucus in the legislature from 79 in the previous election to 83.

The Ontario Liberal Party, again led by Farquhar Oliver, won three additional seats in the enlarged legislature, increasing its caucus from 8 to 11, and continuing in the role of official opposition. Liberal-Labour MPP Albert Wren was re-elected and continued to sit with the Liberal caucus.

The social democratic Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), led by Donald C. MacDonald, won one additional seat, for a total of three.

The Labor-Progressive Party (which was the Communist Party) lost its last remaining seat with the defeat of J.B. Salsberg.

James Shannon Dempsey (Renfrew South) had his endorsement as a PC candidate withdrawn because of controversy over a political gift,[2] but he was reelected as an Independent PC.

Pre-election developments

Franchise reform

The Election Act, 1951[3] was significantly amended in 1954,[4] providing for the following changes to the right to vote in Ontario:

  • removal of the disqualification from voting for having been paid to act on behalf of a candidate[5]
  • removal of the disqualification from voting for being an inmate maintained in a home for the aged or a house of industry[6]
  • extension of the franchise to all Indians living in the province, whether enfranchised or not under the Indian Act[7]
  • removal from the voters' list for temporary absence because of being a student, a mariner, or a member of the Canadian, Commonwealth or allied forces[8]

Expansion of Legislative Assembly

For the first time since the 1934 election, the number of seats in the Legislature was adjusted, rising from 90 to 98.[9] The following changes were made:

Campaign

Riding contests, by number of candidates (1955)[10]
Candidates PC Lib LL CCF I-PC Lab-Pr Ind I-Lib SC S-Lab Total
2 1716134
3 4644246111141
4 313131274124
5 333311115
Total 97942811315111314

Results

[10]

Elections to the 25th Parliament of Ontario (1955)
Political party Party leader MPPs Votes
Candidates 1951 Dissol. 1955 ± # % ± (pp)
Progressive Conservative Leslie Frost 97 79 83 4Increase 846,592 48.06% 0.40Decrease
Liberal Farquhar Oliver 94 7 10 3Increase 577,774 32.80% 1.74Increase
Co-operative Commonwealth Donald C. MacDonald 81 2 3 1Increase 291,410 16.54% 2.56Decrease
Labor–Progressive Stewart Smith 31 1 1Decrease 20,875 1.19% 0.52Increase
Liberal–Labour 2 1 1 Steady 7,305 0.41% 0.04Decrease
Independent PC 1 1 1Increase 7,033 0.40% 0.34Increase
Independent 5 9,169 0.52% 0.41Increase
Independent Liberal 1 641 0.04% New
Independent Social Credit 1 602 0.03% New
Socialist Labour 1 124 0.01% Decrease
Independent Labour Did not campaign
Vacant
Total 314 90 90 98 1,761,525 100.00%
Blank and invalid ballots 22,622
Registered voters / turnout 2,905,760 61.40% 4.17Decrease
Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)
 Progressive Conservative
83 / 98
48.06%
-0.40
 
 Liberal
10 / 98
32.80%
1.74 1.74
 
 Co-operative Commonwealth
3 / 98
16.54%
-2.56
 
 Other
2 / 98
2.60%
1.22 1.22
 

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1955 Ontario general election[10]
Riding Winning party Turnout
[a 1]
Votes
Name[a 2] 1951 Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
PC/UPC Lib/LL CCF Lab-Pr Ind Oth Total
 
Algoma—Manitoulin PC PC 5,72544.37%9006.98%69.54%5,7254,8252,35212,902
Brant Lib Lib 8,58252.06%3,25119.72%60.28%5,3318,5822,57116,484
Brantford Lib Lib 7,11039.55%3722.07%71.81%6,7387,1103,92820017,976
Bruce PC Lib 8,60954.43%1,91812.13%83.40%6,6918,60951815,818
Carleton PC PC 5,15363.65%2,21027.30%55.97%5,1532,9438,096
Cochrane North PC PC 5,94354.02%3,31030.09%64.55%5,9432,4252,63311,001
Cochrane South CCF PC 11,90449.43%6122.54%65.23%11,90411,29288724,083
Dufferin—Simcoe PC PC 7,77862.09%3,73129.78%57.70%7,7784,04770212,527
Durham PC PC 6,93953.36%2,32717.89%67.15%6,9394,6121,45413,005
Elgin PC PC 9,74160.89%5,38733.68%59.40%9,7414,3541,90215,997
Essex North Lib Lib 10,20038.79%6492.47%66.30%9,55110,2006,54626,297
Essex South PC PC 8,08056.71%1,91213.42%60.45%8,0806,16814,248
Fort William PC PC 8,86846.78%3,95020.84%71.05%8,8684,7884,91838318,957
Frontenac—Addington[a 3] PC PC 6,50862.39%3,11429.85%65.67%6,5083,39452910,431
Glengarry PC PC 5,63561.48%2,10422.95%74.41%5,6353,5319,166
Grenville—Dundas PC PC 7,92163.56%3,37927.11%59.61%7,9214,54212,463
Grey North PC PC 8,91052.74%1,87611.10%81.23%8,9107,03495016,894
Grey South Lib Lib 6,80051.58%1,62112.30%81.48%5,1796,8001,20413,183
Haldimand—Norfolk PC PC 12,91456.73%4,07417.90%71.41%12,9148,8401,01122,765
Halton PC PC 8,37347.31%2,46113.90%54.89%8,3735,9123,41417,699
Hamilton Centre PC PC 8,42744.72%2,58013.69%47.08%8,4273,6885,84788218,844
Hamilton East PC PC 7,44436.13%8544.14%56.90%7,4445,8986,59067420,606
Hamilton—Wentworth PC PC 9,76958.69%5,71334.32%57.75%9,7694,0562,46735416,646
Hastings East PC PC 5,99960.47%2,48125.01%66.70%5,9993,5184039,920
Hastings West PC PC 11,01760.95%5,21928.88%63.67%11,0175,7981,25918,074
Huron PC PC 7,89055.27%1,50510.54%79.31%7,8906,38514,275
Huron—Bruce PC PC 7,24455.67%1,47511.33%81.18%7,2445,76913,013
Kenora LL LL 5,26642.22%1281.03%65.83%5,1385,266[a 4]2,06812,472
Kent East PC Lib 6,94052.76%7255.51%77.99%6,2156,94013,155
Kent West PC PC 10,39954.58%3,27217.17%58.04%10,3997,1271,52619,052
Kingston* PC PC 10,61457.09%3,36418.09%65.38%10,6147,25072818,592
Lambton East PC PC 6,85556.41%1,55712.81%71.53%6,8555,29812,153
Lambton West PC PC 10,76756.45%4,92425.82%59.81%10,7675,8432,46219,072
Lanark PC PC 11,20674.85%7,44149.70%68.90%11,2063,76514,971
Leeds PC PC 10,63263.34%4,47926.68%68.96%10,6326,15316,785
Lincoln PC PC 15,90350.28%5,20416.45%54.94%15,90310,6993,86951964131,631
London North New PC 9,02247.70%1,6488.71%61.21%9,0227,3742,51818,914
London South New PC 8,73545.85%2,50413.14%53.69%8,7356,2313,48959519,050
Middlesex North PC PC 5,07751.38%5635.70%74.36%5,0774,5142919,882
Middlesex South PC PC 9,43456.72%2,23513.44%67.64%9,4347,19916,633
Muskoka PC PC 5,25647.63%5354.85%77.27%5,2564,7211,05811,035
Niagara Falls Lib PC 10,35448.72%2,0789.78%57.67%10,3548,2762,30531621,251
Nickel Belt New PC 7,08837.98%1,91310.25%71.14%7,0885,1752,0394,35918,661
Nipissing PC PC 8,72351.04%3,70821.69%60.56%8,7235,0152,96538917,092
Northumberland PC PC 10,20063.20%4,76729.54%75.12%10,2005,43350716,140
Ontario CCF PC 7,24849.97%1,88212.97%69.05%7,2485,3661,89214,506
Oshawa New CCF 9,11441.16%2,31310.45%61.80%6,8015,9669,11426122,142
Ottawa East Lib PC 8,68851.32%1,1026.51%47.03%8,6887,58665416,928
Ottawa South PC PC 14,15153.94%3,16712.07%53.21%14,15110,98482627326,234
Ottawa West New PC 8,51357.90%3,46723.58%56.76%8,5135,0461,14414,703
Oxford PC Lib 11,78148.03%1,0534.29%72.69%10,72811,7812,01724,526
Parry Sound PC PC 6,49259.58%3,65033.50%69.78%6,4922,8421,56210,896
Peel PC PC 13,29650.56%4,60017.49%60.38%13,2968,6964,30526,297
Perth PC PC 12,24753.43%1,5746.87%69.17%12,24710,67322,920
Peterborough PC PC 11,56151.63%3,65216.31%58.97%11,5617,9092,92022,390
Port Arthur PC PC 9,51742.52%1,7767.94%68.38%9,5174,3477,74177522,380
Prescott PC PC 6,38560.26%2,17520.53%65.85%6,3854,21010,595
Prince Edward—Lennox PC PC 7,00360.29%2,39020.58%59.15%7,0034,61311,616
Rainy River PC PC 4,97760.08%2,93835.47%67.86%4,9772,0391,2688,284
Renfrew North PC PC 8,21552.34%2,14713.68%70.34%8,2156,0681,41115,694
Renfrew South PC I-PC 7,03350.72%7085.11%77.83%7,033[a 5]6,32550913,867
Russell PC PC 10,39265.27%4,86230.54%43.05%10,3925,53015,922
Stormont Lib Lib 10,57755.51%2,70214.18%66.60%7,87510,57760219,054
Sault Ste. Marie PC PC 7,71641.77%1,93110.45%63.68%7,7164,5175,78545318,471
Simcoe Centre PC PC 8,30557.39%2,13914.78%62.45%8,3056,16614,471
Simcoe East PC PC 8,43654.69%2,79218.10%66.83%8,4365,6441,34615,426
Sudbury PC PC 8,95739.73%9804.35%71.08%8,9577,9771,6573,95422,545
Temiskaming PC PC 6,32260.24%2,15020.49%73.63%6,3224,17210,494
Victoria PC PC 10,63069.61%7,45548.82%68.59%10,6303,1751,46515,270
Waterloo North PC Lib 14,43644.65%2,1606.68%62.50%12,27614,4365,62332,335
Waterloo South PC PC 8,29039.97%1,7558.46%68.98%8,2905,9156,53520,740
Welland PC PC 11,81544.33%2,4099.04%66.90%11,8159,4064,64578726,653
Wellington—Dufferin[a 6] PC PC 7,72053.53%1,65111.45%77.71%7,7206,06963414,423
Wellington South PC Lib 9,92448.38%1,9689.59%76.20%7,9569,9242,63420,514
Wentworth PC PC 6,82140.77%1,4378.59%57.81%6,8215,3844,20132416,730
Wentworth East New CCF 6,50541.44%1,94912.42%51.34%4,5564,2946,50534115,696
Windsor—Walkerville PC PC 7,28947.22%2,88018.66%61.46%7,2893,1404,40959815,436
Windsor—Sandwich PC PC 10,18654.42%5,91131.58%52.50%10,1864,2754,25618,717
York Centre New PC 12,73137.72%1,1053.27%56.94%12,73111,6268,74265633,755
York East PC PC 18,93145.86%7,56318.32%52.69%18,93111,36810,98241,281
York—Humber New PC 11,80644.25%4,09815.36%58.03%11,8067,7086,26190826,683
York North PC PC 11,30148.74%2,67211.53%55.12%11,3018,6293,25423,184
York—Scarborough New PC 13,80642.22%1,5254.66%53.82%13,80612,2816,28733032,704
York South PC CCF 13,87744.03%1,4264.52%50.57%12,4514,16813,8771,01931,515
York West PC PC 14,37245.79%4,19713.37%55.04%14,3726,83710,17531,384
Beaches PC PC 7,96548.12%1,96611.88%58.07%7,9652,5895,99916,553
Bellwoods PC PC 5,33038.43%2331.68%62.97%5,3305,0971,8751,56713,869
Bracondale PC PC 4,72740.40%1,33311.39%55.24%4,7272,9913,39458811,700
Dovercourt PC PC 6,28836.12%3832.20%55.92%6,2884,6555,90556017,408
Eglinton PC PC 15,95455.70%5,99620.93%58.95%15,9549,9582,41731528,644
High Park PC PC 7,72342.39%2,05411.27%58.74%7,7234,3925,66943518,219
Parkdale PC PC 7,50336.92%7303.59%55.04%7,5036,7735,50354220,321
Riverdale PC PC 8,77147.14%3,62319.47%53.44%8,7714,2365,14832912418,608
St. Andrew Lab-Pr PC 5,01941.50%7436.14%60.93%5,0191,2281,4204,27615212,095
St. David PC PC 5,74737.18%5613.63%59.19%5,7474,2995,18622715,459
St. George PC PC 7,59354.86%4,11929.76%47.64%7,5933,4742,77313,840
St. Patrick PC PC 5,16554.60%2,75429.12%51.56%5,1652,4111,5483359,459
Woodbine PC PC 8,75543.65%1,3056.51%56.18%8,7553,3727,45048120,058
  1. including spoilt ballots
  2. order is as given in EO reports
  3. formerly Addington
  4. Albert Wren was already a member of the Legislature
  5. James Shannon Dempsey was a PC MPP in the previous Legislature
  6. formerly Wellington North
  = open seat
  = turnout is above provincial average
  = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
  = previously incumbent in another riding
  = incumbency arose from byelection gain
  = incumbent had switched allegiance
  = other incumbents renominated
  = unendorsed PC candidate
  = Liberal-Labour candidate

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place[10]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
PCLibLLCCFLP
Progressive Conservative 63118183
Liberal 1010
Liberal–Labour 11
Co-operative Commonwealth 33
Independent PC 11
Total 1464118198
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party[10]
Parties1st2nd3rd4th5th
 Progressive Conservative 8314
 Liberal 1064191
 Co-operative Commonwealth 318582
 Liberal–Labour 11
 Independent PC 1
 Labor–Progressive 11281
 Independent 221
 Social Credit 1
 Independent Liberal 1
 Socialist Labour 1
Resulting composition of the 25th Legislative Assembly[10]
SourceParty
PC Lib Lib-Lab CCF Ind-PC Total
Seats retainedIncumbents returned 655171
Open seats held 66
Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated 3519
Open seats gained 11
Byelection gains held 11
Incumbent changed allegiance 11
New ridingsIncumbent returned in new seat 213
New MPP elected 516
Total 831013198

Reorganization of ridings

The reorganized ridings returned the following MLAs:

1951 1955
Riding Party Riding Party
Carleton  Progressive Conservative Carleton  Progressive Conservative
Ottawa West  Progressive Conservative
London  Progressive Conservative London North  Progressive Conservative
London South  Progressive Conservative
Ontario  Co-operative Commonwealth Ontario  Progressive Conservative
Oshawa  Co-operative Commonwealth
Sudbury  Progressive Conservative Nickel Belt  Progressive Conservative
Sudbury  Progressive Conservative
Wentworth  Progressive Conservative Wentworth  Progressive Conservative
Wentworth East  Co-operative Commonwealth
York East  Progressive Conservative York East  Progressive Conservative
York—Scarborough  Progressive Conservative
York North  Progressive Conservative York Centre  Progressive Conservative
York North  Progressive Conservative
York West  Progressive Conservative York—Humber  Progressive Conservative
York West  Progressive Conservative

See also

References

  1. "1955 General Election". Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  2. O'Hearn, Don (May 19, 1955). "Dempsey Case Rocks Legislation". Daily Times-Gazette. Oshawa. p. 6.
  3. The Election Act, 1951, S.O. 1951, c. 21
  4. The Election Amendment Act, 1954, S.O. 1954, c. 25
  5. 1954 Act, s. 2
  6. 1954 Act, s. 3
  7. 1954 Act, ss. 4, 5
  8. 1954 Act, s. 5
  9. The Representation Act, 1954, S.O. 1954, c. 84
  10. "1955 general election results". Elections Ontario. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
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