1964 in science

The year 1964 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

List of years in science (table)
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Astronomy and space exploration

  • January 30 – The Soviet Union launches the first Elektron satellites.
  • Spring – First recognition of cosmic microwave background radiation as a detectable phenomenon.[1] The discovery and confirmation of the Cosmic microwave background in 1964 secured the Big Bang as the best theory of the origin and evolution of the universe.
  • March 20 – The precursor of the European Space Agency, ESRO (European Space Research Organization) is established (under an agreement of June 14, 1962).
  • July 31 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the Moon; images are 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from Earth-bound telescopes.
  • October 12 – The Soviet Union launches the Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits (the crew wouldn't fit in the space capsule otherwise).

Biology

Computer science

Earth sciences

History of science and technology

Mathematics

Paleontology

Physics

Physiology and medicine

Psychology

Technology

Publications

Awards

Births

Deaths

References

  1. In a brief paper by Soviet astrophysicists A. G. Doroshkevich and Igor Novikov. Penzias, A. A. (2006). "The origin of elements" (PDF). Nobel lecture. Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2006-10-04.
  2. "Largest Earthquakes in the World Since 1900". U.S. Geological Survey. 2012-07-18. Archived from the original on 2010-11-07. Retrieved 2012-09-05.
  3. "Mission & History". National Museum of American History. March 2012. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  4. Crilly, T. (2007). 50 Mathematical Ideas you really need to know. Quercus. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-84724-008-8.
  5. Tits, J. (1964). "Algebraic and abstract simple groups". Annals of Mathematics. Second Series. 80 (2): 313–329. doi:10.2307/1970394. JSTOR 1970394. MR 0164968.
  6. Ostrom, J. H. (1969). "Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana". Peabody Museum of Natural History Bulletin. 30: 1–165.
  7. Englert, F.; Brout, R. (1964). "Broken Symmetry and the Mass of Gauge Vector Mesons". Physical Review Letters. 13 (9): 321–323. Bibcode:1964PhRvL..13..321E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.321.
  8. Brout, R.; Englert, F. (1998). "Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in Gauge Theories: A Historical Survey". arXiv:hep-th/9802142.
  9. Higgs, P. W. (1964). "Broken Symmetries and the Masses of Gauge Bosons". Physical Review Letters. 13 (16): 508–509. Bibcode:1964PhRvL..13..508H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.508.
  10. Guralnik, G. S.; Hagen, C. R.; Kibble, T. W. B. (1964). "Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles". Physical Review Letters. 13 (20): 585–587. Bibcode:1964PhRvL..13..585G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585.
  11. Guralnik, G. S. (2009). "The History of the Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble development of the Theory of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Gauge Particles". International Journal of Modern Physics A. 24 (14): 2601–2627. arXiv:0907.3466. Bibcode:2009IJMPA..24.2601G. doi:10.1142/S0217751X09045431. S2CID 16298371.
  12. Kibble, T. W. B. (2009). "Englert–Brout–Higgs–Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble mechanism". Scholarpedia. 4 (1): 6441. Bibcode:2009SchpJ...4.6441K. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.6441.
  13. Physical Review Letters 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers.
  14. Bjørken, B. J.; Glashow, S. L. (1964). "Elementary particles and SU(4)". Physics Letters. 11 (3): 255–257. Bibcode:1964PhL....11..255B. doi:10.1016/0031-9163(64)90433-0.
  15. Bell, John S. (1964). "On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen Paradox". Physics Physique Физика. 1 (3): 195–200. doi:10.1103/PhysicsPhysiqueFizika.1.195.
  16. Dotter, C. T.; Judkins, M. P. (1964). "Transluminal Treatment of Arteriosclerotic Obstruction: Description of a New Technic and a Preliminary Report of Its Application". Circulation. 30 (5): 654–670. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.30.5.654. PMID 14226164.
  17. Rösch, J.; Keller, F. S.; Kaufman, J. A. (2003). "The Birth, Early Years, and Future of Interventional Radiology". Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 14 (7): 841–853. doi:10.1097/01.RVI.0000083840.97061.5b. PMID 12847192.
  18. Epstein, M. A.; Achong, B. G.; Barr, Y. M. (1964-03-28). "Virus particles in cultured lymphoblasts from Burkitt's lymphoma". The Lancet. 1 (7335): 702–703. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(64)91524-7. PMID 14107961.
  19. Foster, G. V.; Baghdiantz, A.; Kumar, M. A.; Slack, E.; Soliman, H. A.; MacIntyre, I. (1964). "Thyroid origin of Calcitonin". Nature. 202 (4939): 1303–1305. Bibcode:1964Natur.202.1303F. doi:10.1038/2021303a0. PMID 14210962. S2CID 2443410.
  20. Martins, F. A. (30 June 2009). "O Endoscópio". Fernando Alves Martins' Blog (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2012-02-07.
  21. Moog, R. A. (1965). "Voltage-Controlled Electronic Music Modules". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 13 (3): 200–206.
  22. Yale University Press.
  23. "See ECN Expert". South East European University. Archived from the original on 18 October 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  24. "Jennifer Doudna | American biochemist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
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