(574372) 2010 JO179

(574372) 2010 JO179, provisional designation: 2010 JO179, is a large, high-order resonant trans-Neptunian object in the outermost regions of the Solar System, approximately 700 kilometers (430 miles) in diameter.[6] Long-term observations suggest that the object is in a meta-stable 5:21 resonance with Neptune.[6] Other sources classify it as a scattered disc object.[4][5] It is possibly large enough to be a dwarf planet.[6]

(574372) 2010 JO179
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered byPan-STARRS 1
Discovery siteHaleakala Obs.
Discovery date10 May 2010
Designations
(574372) 2010 JO179
2010 JO179
TNO[3] · SDO[4][5] · 5:21 res.[6]
p-DP · distant[1]
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 2
Observation arc69.54 yr (25,399 days)
Earliest precovery date4 February 1951 (POSS-I)[1]
Aphelion117.997 AU
Perihelion39.590 AU
78.793 AU
Eccentricity0.49755
699.43 yr (255,466 d)
35.211°
0° 0m 5.04s / day[3]
Inclination32.025°
147.350°
1951-Sep-13[7]
10.427°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
597 km[8]
735 km[4]
600–900 km[6]
30.6 h[6]
30.6324 h (best fit)[6]
0.07 ~ 0.21 (estimated)[6]
0.10 (assumed)[8]
0.09 (assumed)[4]
G–R = 0.88±0.21 (red)[6]
3.44±0.10 (R-band)[6]
4.0[3][1]
4.3 (Brown)[8]

    First observation and orbit
    The libration of 2010 JO179's nominal orbit, in a frame co-rotating with Neptune (click image to view animation)

    The Minor Planet Center credits the object's first official observation on 10 May 2010 to Pan-STARRS (F51) at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, United States.[1][2] The observations were made by Pan-STARRS' Outer Solar System Survey.[6] There are 4 February 1951 precovery images from the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, extending the observation arc by approximately 60 years.[1] The precovery images are from the same year the object came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun).

    2010 JO179 orbits the Sun at a distance of 39.6–118 AU once every 699 years and 5 months (semi-major axis of 78.8 AU). Its orbit has a high eccentricity of 0.50 and an inclination of 32° with respect to the ecliptic.[3]

    Numbering and naming

    This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 10 August 2021, receiving the number (574372) in the minor planet catalog (M.P.C. 133504).[9] As of 2021, it has not been named.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    Photometry

    Photometric observations of 2010 JO179 gave a monomodal lightcurve with slow rotation period of 30.6 hours, suggesting a rather spherical shape with significant albedo patchiness. An alternative period solution of a bimodal lightcurve is considered less likely. It would double the period and imply an ellipsoidal shape with an axis-ratio of at least 1.58.[6]

    Diameter and albedo

    The object's mean diameter has been estimated to measure 574 and 735 kilometers, with an assumed albedo of 0.09, by Michael Brown and the Johnston's Archive respectively,[4][8] while the discoverers estimate a diameter of 600–900 kilometers with an estimated albedo of 0.21 to 0.07.[6]

    References
    1. "2010 JO179". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
    2. "MPEC 2017-S54 : 2010 JO179". Minor Planet Center. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2010 JO179)" (2020-08-19 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
    4. Johnston, Wm. Robert (15 October 2017). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
    5. "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
    6. Holman, Matthew J.; Payne, Matthew J.; Fraser, Wesley; Lacerda, Pedro; Bannister, Michele T.; Lackner, Michael; et al. (2018). "A dwarf planet class object in the 21:5 resonance with Neptune". The Astrophysical Journal. 855 (1): L6. arXiv:1709.05427. Bibcode:2018ApJ...855L...6H. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaadb3. S2CID 55279330.
    7. "Horizons Batch for 574372 (2010 JO179) on 1951-Sep-13" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). JPL Horizons. Retrieved 21 September 2021. (JPL#8/Soln.date: 2021-Aug-26)
    8. Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system?". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
    9. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
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