7th Alberta Legislature
The 7th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from January 29, 1931, to July 22, 1935, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1930 Alberta general election held on June 19, 1930. The Legislature officially resumed on January 29, 1931, and continued until the fifth session was prorogued on April 23, 1935 and dissolved on July 22, 1935, prior to the 1935 Alberta general election.[1]
| 7th Alberta Legislature | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Majority parliament | |||
| 29 January 1931 – 22 July 1935 | |||
 | |||
| Parliament leaders | |||
| Premier | John Edward Brownlee November 23, 1925 – July 10, 1934 | ||
| Richard Gavin Reid July 10, 1934 – September 3, 1935 | |||
| Cabinets | Brownlee cabinet Reid cabinet | ||
| Party caucuses | |||
| Government | United Farmers of Alberta | ||
| Opposition | Liberal Party | ||
| Crossbench | Dominion Labor Party | ||
| Conservative Party | |||
| Legislative Assembly | |||
| Speaker of the Assembly | George Norman Johnston February 10, 1927 – July 22, 1935 | ||
| Members | 63 MLA seats | ||
| Sovereign | |||
| Monarch | George V May 6, 1910 – January 20, 1936 | ||
| Lieutenant Governor | Hon. William Egbert October 29, 1925 – May 5, 1931 | ||
| Hon. William L. Walsh May 5, 1931 – October 1, 1936 | |||
| Sessions | |||
| 1st session January 29, 1931 – March 28, 1931 | |||
| 2nd session February 4, 1932 – April 6, 1932 | |||
| 3rd session February 9, 1933 – April 11, 1933 | |||
| 4th session February 8, 1934 – April 16, 1934 | |||
| 5th session February 7, 1935 – April 23, 1935 | |||
| |||
Alberta's sixth government was controlled by the majority United Farmers of Alberta for the third consecutive term, led by Premier John Edward Brownlee, who would later resign and be replaced with Richard Gavin Reid. There was no Official Opposition in Alberta between 1926 and 1941 due to the Independent Movement which saw a majority of non-UFA candidates elected as independents. The Speaker was George Norman Johnston.
Scandals
Premier John Brownlee's personal reputation was destroyed by a sex scandal in which he was successfully sued for the ancient and rarely litigated civil tort of seduction by a young woman in his employ.
In July 1933 Brownlee gave a car ride to Vivian MacMillan, then employed as a clerk in the office of the attorney general. MacMillan's fiancé filed a seduction suit against Brownlee, who denied all charges and launched a countersuit alleging that MacMillan, her father, and her fiancé had planned the entire affair for their own financial gain.[2]
The jury found Brownlee guilty of seduction, but the presiding judge overturned its verdict. Nevertheless, the circumstances were damaging enough that Brownlee resigned from the provincial ministry in July 1934.[2]
Little Bow MLA Oran McPherson also had a high-profile divorce scandal that made big headlines after Cora McPherson took him to court.[3]
The UFA's economic policies as well as the scandalizing of Alberta's conservative population led to the party's downfall in the 1935 election when it failed to win one seat in the legislature. William Aberhart and his Social Credit Party swept the province.
Bills
Alberta Provincial Police
On February 25, 1932, Justice Minister John F. Lymburn introduced An Act to ratify a certain Agreement between the Government of the Dominion of Canada and the Government of the Province of Alberta for Policing the Province (Bill 42) and An Act to Amend the Provincial Police Act, 1928 (Bill 43) which would wind-down the operations of the Alberta Provincial Police.[4][5][6] Bill 42 ratifying the agreement passed on March 7, 1932 by a vote of 50-7,[7] while Bill 43 would be passed two weeks later on March 21, 1932.[8] Finally, on April 1, 1932 the Royal Canadian Mounted Police began policing operations in Alberta.[9]
Alberta Health Insurance Act
The Alberta Health Insurance Act, passed by the Alberta Legislature in February 1935 was the first legislated health insurance program in Canada to provide some public funding for medical services, and as such is considered to be an early step toward the provision of medicare in Canada.
The legislation proposed to provide health care to the every province resident at an annual cost of CA$14.50 per person. However, the Act was unable to pass before the United Farmers of Alberta was defeated out of office by the Social Credit Party.[10] The plan would require health care providers to provide specific services for the insured at no extra cost. These services included "full-time public health service", "complete medical service" (including major and minor surgery and obstetrics), "drugs and surgical appliances" if prescribed, limited "dental service", "private nursing service" (under special circumstances) and "hospitalization" (x-rays, operating room, lab services, etc.).[11] Although this plan was not enacted, later in the 1940s and 1950s, a national health care system became gradually more prevalent among provinces. Hospital insurance would provide federal funds to provinces that would implement a universal hospital insurance plan. The full implementation of such programs slowly developed and in 1969 Alberta adopted a universal health insurance program.[12]
Floor crossings
A sensational week occurred in the Assembly just prior to the opening of the 4th Legislative Session. Victoria MLA Peter Miskew decided to cross the floor from the United Farmers to the Liberals. The floor crossing did terrific damage to John Brownlee's government as the Premier had announced three days prior that Miskew would be moving the governments reply to the throne speech.[13]
Miskew's reasoned after crossing the floor that moving the reply to the speech from the throne would mean that he would support the government's policies which he no longer believed in. He sent notice by memo to the premier deciding not to inform him in person.[13]
Three days later, St. Albert MLA Omer St. Germain crossed the floor to join Miskew in the Liberal benches.[14] David Duggan, the leader of the Conservatives, applauded Miskew crossing the floor. He stated that it was the beginning of the end for the United Farmers and that the conservative-minded elements in the United Farmers will oppose the radical elements that were allowing the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation to pull the United Farmers to the left.[13]
Membership in the 7th Alberta Legislature
Standings changes since the 7th general election
| Number of members per party by date |
1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 19 | Aug 21 | Oct 1 | Jan 9 | Aug 1 | Nov 16 | Jul 19 | Oct 25 | Oct 14 | Jan 19 | Nov 10 | Jan 15 | Feb 3 | Feb 6 | ||
| United Farmers | 40 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 38 | 37 | 36 | ||||||||
| Liberal | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | |||||||||
| Conservative | 6 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | ||||||||||
| Dominion Labor | 4 | ||||||||||||||
| Independent | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||
| Total members | 63 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 63 | 62 | 63 | ||||
| Vacant | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
| Government Majority | 17 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 11 | 9 | |
| Membership changes in the 7th Assembly | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Name | District | Party | Reason | |
| June 1930 | Hugh Allen | Grande Prairie | United Farmers | Acclaimed in the 1926 general election | |
| June 19, 1930 | See List of Members | Election day of the 7th Alberta general election | |||
| August 21, 1930 | John Delisle | Beaver River | United Farmers | Lost seat after election was overturned in judicial recount.[15] | |
| August 21, 1930 | Henry Dakin | Beaver River | Liberal | Won seat after election was overturned in judicial recount.[15] | |
| October 1, 1930 | Charles Weaver | Edmonton | Conservative | Died of a heart attack[16] | |
| January 9, 1931 | Frederick Jamieson | Edmonton | Conservative | Elected in a by-election | |
| August 1, 1931 | George Smith | Red Deer | United Farmers | Died from a heart seizure[17] | |
| November 16, 1931 | William Payne | Red Deer | Conservative | Elected in a by-election | |
| July 19, 1932 | Vernor Smith | Camrose | United Farmers | Died from angina pectoris.[18] | |
| October 25, 1932 | Chester Ronning | Camrose | United Farmers | Elected in a by-election | |
| October 14, 1932 | Harold McGill | Calgary | Conservative | Appointed Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs.[19] | |
| January 19, 1933 | Norman Hindsley | Calgary | Independent | Elected in a by-election | |
| November 10, 1933 | George Webster | Calgary | Liberal | Died | |
| January 15, 1934 | William Ross | Calgary | Liberal | Elected in a by-election | |
| February 3, 1934 | Peter Miskew | Victoria | Liberal | Crossed the floor from the United Farmers caucus[13] | |
| February 6, 1934 | Omer St. Germain | St. Albert | Liberal | Crossed the floor from the United Farmers caucus[14] | |
References
- Perry, Sandra E.; Footz, Valerie L. (2006). Massolin, Philip A. (ed.). A Higher Duty: Speakers of the Legislative Assemblies. Edmonton, AB: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. p. 496. ISBN 0-9689217-3-6. Retrieved August 9, 2020.
- "Not-so-pure North: Canada's sex scandals, such as they are". CBC News. March 12, 2008. Archived from the original on March 14, 2008. Retrieved March 14, 2008.
- "Series Three Case Descriptions". Alberta Heritage Community Foundation. Retrieved May 18, 2009.
- "Alberta Provincial Police sous-fonds". Heritage resources Management Information System. Provincial Archives of Alberta. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
- An Act to amend The Provincial Police Act, 1928, S.A. 1932, c. 14
- Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932, p. 90
- Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932, pp. 126–127
- Legislative Assembly of Alberta 1932, p. 178
- Fryer 1977, p. 77
- "Civilization.ca - History of Canadian Medicare - 1930-1939 - Alberta Health Insurance Act". www.historymuseum.ca. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
- McGUGAN, A. C. (January 1, 1935). "The Alberta Health Insurance Act". Canadian Public Health Journal. 26 (8): 373–376. JSTOR 41979363.
- Hanratty, Maria J. (January 1, 1996). "Canadian National Health Insurance and Infant Health". The American Economic Review. 86 (1): 276–284. JSTOR 2118267.
- "U.F.A. Member Will Join Liberals". Vol XXVII No 46. The Lethbridge Herald. February 3, 1934. pp. 1–2.
- "Another One Deserts Brownlee". Vol XXVII No. 49. The Lethbridge Herald. February 7, 1934. p. 1.
- "Recount Gives Libs. Another Alta. Seat". Vol XXIII No 213. The Lethbridge Herald. August 21, 1930. p. 1.
- "Col C.Y. Weaver Dies Suddenly At Edmonton". Vol 56 No 76. Manitoba Free Press. October 2, 1930. p. 1.
- "Member For Red Deer George W. Smith Succumbs". Vol XXIV No 197. The Lethbridge Herald. August 3, 1931. p. 1.
- "Hon. Vernor Smith, Railway Minister, Passes Away Suddenly". Vol XXV No 186. The Lethbridge Herald. July 20, 1932. p. 1.
- "Calgary Doctor Gets Federal Appointment". Vol 58, No. 87. Winnipeg Free Press. December 14, 1932. p. 1.
Bibliography
- Fryer, Harold (1977). Alberta, the pioneer years. Langley, British Columbia: Stagecoach Publishing Co. Ltd. OCLC 651982480. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
- Legislative Assembly of Alberta (1932). "7th Legislative Assembly, 2nd Session". Journals of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. XXIX. Retrieved September 16, 2020.
Further reading
- Normandin, A. L., ed. (1935). "The Canadian Parliamentary Guide". The Canadian Parliamentary Guide = Guide Parlementaire Canadien. Ottawa: Mortimer Company Ltd. ISSN 0315-6168. OCLC 893686591. Retrieved August 9, 2020.
- Office of the Chief Electoral Officer; Legislative Assembly Office (2006). A Century of Democracy: Elections of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, 1905-2005. The Centennial Series. Edmonton, AB: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. ISBN 0-9689217-8-7. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
- Perry, Sandra E.; Footz, Valerie L. (2006). Massolin, Philip A. (ed.). A Higher Duty: Speakers of the Legislative Assemblies. Edmonton, AB: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. ISBN 0-9689217-3-6. Retrieved August 9, 2020.