AO-46 (firearm)

The AO-46 was a gas-operated 5.45×39mm caliber, compact carbine/assault rifle prototype. It features a folding stock and the trigger is located just in front of the magazine, which doubles as a pistol grip. In order to minimize the length of the gun, gas for automatic operation was collected not out of the barrel, but directly from the flash suppressor in the muzzle.[1] Despite having the latter feature, the combination of a relative powerful cartridge and short barrel produced a flash comparable to that of a sawed-off shotgun.[2]

AO-46
An AO-46 model at the TsNIITochMash Museum in Klimovsk, Russia
Type	Carbine/Assault Rifle Personal defense weapon
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Production history
Designer	Peter Andreevich Tkachev
Designed	1969
Specifications
Mass	2.0 kg (4.4 lb)
Length	655 mm (25.7 in) stock extended / 458 mm (18.0 in) stock folded
Barrel length	245 mm (9.7 in)
Cartridge	5.45×39mm
Caliber	5.45 mm
Action	Gas-operated, Select-fire
Rate of fire	700 rpm
Muzzle velocity	715 m/s
Maximum firing range	400 m
Feed system	15-round box magazine
Sights	Iron sights

The weapon was an unsolicited design by Peter Andreevich Tkachev working at TsNIITochMash. Although not accepted for service, this design, in combination with report of the US use of the XM-177 in Vietnam led the GRAU to start the competition known as Project Modern, which led to the adoption of AKS-74U for service.[1][2]

Although the Soviet doctrine did not have an equivalent concept, the AO-46 design corresponds to the Western concept of personal defense weapon (PDW).[3]