Arizona's 2nd congressional district

Arizona's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district located in the U.S. state of Arizona. The district is in the north eastern part of the state and includes Apache, Coconino, Gila, Navajo, and Yavapai counties in their entirety and portions of Graham, Maricopa, Mohave, and Pinal counties. The largest city in the district is Flagstaff.

Arizona's 2nd congressional district
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023
Representative
  Eli Crane
R–Oro Valley
Area20,219 sq mi (52,370 km2)
Distribution
  • 50.6% urban
  • 49.4% rural
Population (2022)820,500[1]
Median household
income		$62,015[1]
Ethnicity
Cook PVIR+6[2]

Before January 2023, Arizona's second congressional district was located in the southeastern corner of the state and included Cochise county and eastern Pima county drawing most of its population from the city of Tucson. The majority of that district was renumbered as Arizona's 6th congressional district.

The district includes 12 Native American reservations including the Hualapai, Havasupai, Hopi, Navajo, San Carlos Apache, and White Mountain Apache people. Twenty-two percent of the district's citizens were Native American.[3]

History

When Arizona was divided into congressional districts for the first time after the 1950 census, the 2nd district comprised the entire state outside of the Phoenix area. Arizona gained a third district after the 1960 census, and the 2nd was cut back to roughly the southern third of the state, stretching border-to-border from New Mexico to California. It ran along the entire length of the border with Mexico. By far the district's largest city was Tucson. The next largest city was Yuma, in the far west. After a mid-decade redistricting in 1967, the district was pushed slightly to the north, picking up a portion of southern Phoenix. This configuration remained largely unchanged until the 1980 census, when much of eastern Tucson was drawn into the new 5th district.

The 2nd district remained based in southern Arizona until the 2000 census, when Arizona picked up two districts. At that time, the old 2nd district essentially became the new 7th district, while most of the old 3rd district became the new 2nd district. Located in the northwestern corner of the state, it stretched into the western suburbs of Phoenix, known as the West Valley. It consisted of all of Peoria (within the exception of the portion of that city within Yavapai County) and Surprise, most of Glendale and much of western Phoenix in Maricopa County, all of Mohave County, and the Hopi Nation in Navajo and Coconino counties.

The size and diversity of the 2nd district (it included nearly all of the northwestern portion of the state) made it appear rural on a map. However, over 90 percent of its population lived in the strongly conservative West Valley, historically a fairly safe Republican area.

The odd shape of the district was indicative of the use of gerrymandering in its construction. The unusual division was not, however, drawn to favor politicians, but was due to historic tensions between the Hopi and the Navajo Native American tribes. Since tribal boundary disputes are a federal matter, it was long believed inappropriate to include both tribes' reservations in the same congressional district.[4] However, the Hopi reservation is completely surrounded by the Navajo reservation. In order to comply with current Arizona redistricting laws, some means of connection was required that avoided including large portions of Navajo land, hence the narrow riverine connection.

George W. Bush carried the district in 2004 with 61% of the vote. John McCain won the district in 2008 with 60.75% of the vote while Barack Obama received 38.07%. During the Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008 Arizona Democratic primary, the district was won by Hillary Clinton with 54.52% of the vote while Barack Obama received 35.62% and John Edwards took in 7.43%. In the Arizona Republican primary, the 2nd district was won by favorite son John McCain with 49.51% while Mitt Romney received 29.51% and Mike Huckabee took in 10.46% of the vote in the district.

After the 2012 census, the bulk of the Maricopa County portion of the old 2nd became the 8th district, while the new 2nd district took in most of the territory of the old 8th district. That district, in turn, had been the 5th district from 1983 to 2003. In the 2014 midterms, the district was the last House of Representatives race to be decided, as the official recount began on December 1 due to Republican Martha McSally leading incumbent Democratic congressman Ron Barber by fewer than 200 votes. Ultimately, Barber lost to McSally by 167 votes.

Main industries

Primary job fields of the people in the district include agriculture, ranching, livestock, mining, and tourism. The main irrigated crops are cotton, wheat, corn, grain, sorghum, alfalfa, hay, apples, peaches, cherries, grapes, pistachios, pecans, lettuce, chilis, and other vegetables. The area has a multitude of U-pick vegetable farms and orchards, including several organic farms. Greenhouse tomato and cucumber operations have been completed in the past few years with much success. In Cochise County there is the U.S. Army base Fort Huachuca and numerous military-industrial companies. In suburban and urban areas, Wal-Marts are the most abundant superstores.

Schools

Located within the district is Northern Arizona University, Diné College, Yavapai College, Prescott College, and Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University.

Tourism and recreation

Tourism is an important industry as the district has numerous natural wonders, national forests, parks, and conservation areas. Grand Canyon and Petrified Forest National Parks highlight the public lands in the district. Other prominent tourist attractions include Lake Powell, Sedona, Meteor Crater , and the self-proclaimed "World's Oldest Rodeo". Hiking, camping, fishing, and boating can be found throughout the region.

The Apache-Sitgraves, Coconino, Kaibab, Prescott, and Tonto National forests are most or partially in the district. The Oak Flat (Arizona) site is also within the second district.

Voting
Election results from presidential races
Year Office Results
2000 President Gore 56 - 41%
2004 President Bush 61 - 38%
2008 President McCain 61 - 38%
2012 President Romney 50 - 48%
2016 President Clinton 50 - 45%
2020 President Biden 55 - 44%

List of members representing the district

Starting with the 1948 elections, Arizona began using separate districts to elect its members to the House of Representatives rather than using a general ticket due to having gained a second seat in the House with the data from 1940 census.

Representative Party Term Cong
ress(es)		 Electoral history Geography and counties[5][6][7]
District created January 3, 1949

Harold Patten
(Tucson)		 Democratic January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1955		 81st
82nd
83rd		 First elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Retired.		 1949–1963:
All except Maricopa

Stewart Udall
(Tucson)		 Democratic January 3, 1955 –
January 21, 1961		 84th
85th
86th
87th		 First elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Re-elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Vacant January 21, 1961 –
May 2, 1961		 87th

Mo Udall
(Tucson)		 Democratic May 2, 1961 –
May 4, 1991		 87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd		 Elected to finish his brother's term.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Re-elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Resigned due to health reasons.
1963–1973:
South Arizona, including Tucson:
Cochise, Pima, Pinal, Santa Cruz, Yuma
1973–1983:
Cochise, Pima, Santa Cruz, Maricopa (part), Pinal (part)
1983–1993:
Southwest Arizona, including parts of Metro Phoenix and of Tucson:
Maricopa (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part), Santa Cruz (part), Yuma (part)
Vacant May 4, 1991 –
October 3, 1991		 102nd

Ed Pastor
(Phoenix)		 Democratic October 3, 1991 –
January 3, 2003		 102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th		 Elected to finish Udall's term.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Redistricted to the 4th district.
1993–2003:
Southwest Arizona, including parts of Metro Phoenix and of Tucson:
Yuma, Maricopa (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part)

Trent Franks
(Phoenix)		 Republican January 3, 2003 –
January 3, 2013		 108th
109th
110th
111th
112th		 First elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Re-elected in 2010.
Renumbered to the 8th district.		 2003–2013:

Parts of Metro Phoenix, extending to NW Arizona, plus the Hopi Reservation:
Mohave, Coconino (part), La Paz (part), Maricopa (part), Navajo (part)

Ron Barber
(Tucson)		 Democratic January 3, 2013 –
January 3, 2015		 113th Renumbered from the 8th district and re-elected in 2012.
Lost re-election.		 2013–2023:

Southeastern Arizona:
Cochise, Pima (part)

Martha McSally
(Tucson)		 Republican January 3, 2015 –
January 3, 2019		 114th
115th		 Elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.

Ann Kirkpatrick
(Tucson)		 Democratic January 3, 2019 –
January 3, 2023		 116th
117th		 Elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Redistricted to the 6th district and retired.

Eli Crane
(Oro Valley)		 Republican January 3, 2023 –
present		 118th Elected in 2022. 2023–present:

Northeastern Arizona:
Apache, Coconino, Gila, Graham(part), Maricopa(part), Mohave(part), Navajo, Pinal (part), Yavapai

Recent election results

2002
Main article: 2002 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2002 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Trent Franks 100,359 59.92%
Democratic Randy Camacho 61,217 36.55%
Libertarian Edward Carlson 5,919 3.53%
Majority 39,142 23.37%
Total votes 167,502 100.00
Republican hold

2004
Main article: 2004 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2004 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Trent Franks* (incumbent) 165,260 59.17%
Democratic Randy Camacho 107,406 38.46%
Libertarian Powell Gammill 6,625 2.37%
Majority 57,854 20.71%
Total votes 279,303 100.00
Republican hold

2006
Main article: 2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2006 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Trent Franks* (incumbent) 135,150 58.62%
Democratic John Thrasher 89,671 38.89%
Libertarian Powell Gammill 5,734 2.49%
Majority 45,479 19.73%
Total votes 230,560 100.00
Republican hold

2008
Main article: 2008 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2008 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Trent Franks* (incumbent) 200,914 59.44%
Democratic John Thrasher 125,611 37.16%
Libertarian Powell Gammill 7,882 2.33%
Green William Crum 3,616 1.07%
Majority 75,303 22.28%
Total votes 338,023 100.00
Republican hold

2010
Main article: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2010 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Trent Franks* (incumbent) 173,173 64.89%
Democratic John Thrasher 82,891 31.06%
Libertarian Powell Gammill 10,820 4.05%
Majority 90,282 33.83%
Total votes 266,884 100.00
Republican hold

2012
Main article: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2012 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ron Barber* 147,338 50.41%
Republican Martha McSally 144,884 49.57%
Write-In Write-ins 57 0.02%
Majority 2,454 0.84%
Total votes 292,279 100.00
Democratic gain from Republican

2014
Main article: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2014 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Martha McSally 109,704 49.81%
Democratic Ron Barber* (incumbent) 109,583 49.75%
Write-In Write-ins 1,007 0.46%
Majority 121 0.06%
Total votes 220,254 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic

2016
Main article: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2016 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District House Election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Martha McSally* (incumbent) 179,806 56.96%
Democratic Matt Heinz 135,873 43.04%
Majority 43,933 13.92%
Total votes 315,679 100%
Republican hold

2018
Main article: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2018 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick 161,000 54.73% +11.69%
Republican Lea Márquez Peterson 133,083 45.24% -11.72%
Margin of victory 27,917 9.49% +23.41%
Total votes 294,083 100.0% N/A
Democratic gain from Republican

2020
Main article: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2020 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ann Kirkpatrick* (incumbent) 209,945 55.1%
Republican Brandon Martin 170,975 44.9
Write-In Write-ins 134 0.0
Total votes 381,054 100.0
Democratic hold

2022
Main article: 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona
2022 Arizona's 2nd Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Eli Crane 174,169 53.9
Democratic Tom O'Halleran (incumbent) 149,151 46.1
Independent Chris Sarappo (write-in) 76 0.0
Total votes 323,396 100.0
Republican gain from Democratic

See also

References
  1. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. US Census Bureau. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  2. "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  3. https://redistricting-irc-az.hub.arcgis.com/pages/final-draft-maps#finalcddraftmaps
  4. Pitzi, Mary Jo, 2011. Navajos seek tribal-dominated district in Arizona. Arizona Republic, Published September 16, 2011. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  5. Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, 1789-1983. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
  6. Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
  7. Congressional Directory: Browse 105th Congress Archived February 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  8. "2018 General Election". Arizona Secretary of State. November 15, 2018.

31°54′59″N 109°56′19″W

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