Adobe Originals

The Adobe Originals program is a series of digital typefaces created by Adobe Systems from 1989 for professional use, intended to be of extremely high design quality while offering a large feature set across many languages. Many are strongly influenced by research into classic designs from the past and calligraphy. Adobe Originals fonts are sold separately or with Adobe products such as InDesign.

Adobe Originals logo
Adobe Garamond, one of the program's first fonts

Adobe Originals fonts tend to offer an extensive feature set through the OpenType font format, such as optical sizes, automatic ligature insertion, small capitals, swashes, text and lining figures and kerning pair sets to fine-tune character spacing. They are accordingly common choices in fine printing and book design.[1]

History

The Originals program was established in 1989, when Sumner Stone hired font designers Carol Twombly and Robert Slimbach. This period saw the growth of desktop publishing, at a point when printing and design was becoming more accessible. Adobe already had contracts to digitise and sell fonts by companies such as ITC, but felt that many of these designs had a somewhat dated appearance.[2][3]

Early typefaces released included Utopia and Adobe Garamond, a reinterpretation of the Roman types of Claude Garamond and the italics of Robert Granjon. Slimbach developed the design to have a timeless, accurate appearance through visiting the Plantin-Moretus Museum in Antwerp and seeing books and original printing equipment from the 16th century.[4][5] A parallel Adobe Originals program was developed to provide Japanese-language fonts, including the works of such designers as Masahiko Kozuka and Ryoko Nishizuka.[6]

Groups of fonts
Display fonts published by Adobe
Birch, Blackoak and Poplar, three fonts from Adobe's wood type series.

A particularly large group of Adobe designs was inspired by the decorative wood types of the nineteenth century. These were given names after types of wood and tree.[7][8]

The series also includes a large number of eccentric display designs, some resembling the grunge typography movement of the 1990s, which used awkward and science-fiction style letterforms.[9][10]

Recent activity

Adobe has published fewer original designs since around 2000, publishing other companies' designs through its Adobe Fonts (formerly Typekit) online sales program for Web fonts (and more recently, desktop fonts as well). However, the company still does publish original designs, including Thomas Phinney's Hypatia Sans and Slimbach's recent Trajan Sans, Adobe Text, Arno and Acumin.[11] Several of these are very large designs with complex character sets, Acumin reportedly having been in development for eight years and expanded in conception from four fonts to ninety.[12][13][14]

Adobe has also released a large group of fonts, the Source family, as an open-source project that can be freely redistributed.

List of Adobe Originals families
Year of first release Family name Type designer(s) Comments
1986 Carta Lynne Garell This family was "grandfathered" by the program
1986 Sonata Cleo Huggins This family was "grandfathered" by the program
1989 Charlemagne Carol Twombly Classical all-caps design with spiky serifs.
1989 Cottonwood Barbara Lind, Kim Buker Chansler and Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design.
1989 Adobe Garamond Robert Slimbach
1989 Ironwood Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design.
1989 Juniper Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design.
1989 Lithos Carol Twombly
1989 Mesquite Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design.
1989 Ponderosa Kim Buker Chansler Ultracompact French Clarendon. 19th century wood display type design.
1989 Tekton David Siegel Based on the hand lettering style of architect Frank Ching.

1993 Multiple Master, 2000 OpenType; Bold version was created by Jim Wasco in 1990; Glyphset expanded by Christopher Slye

1989 Trajan Carol Twombly Pro 3 extension by Robert Slimbach in 2011 which added more weights and support for Greek and Cyrillic
1989 Utopia Robert Slimbach Transitional design influenced by Baskerville and Walbaum. Four optical sizes added for OpenType version. A basic group of Utopia's styles (regular, italic, bold and bold italic styles of the regular size) was open-sourced in 2006.
1990 Birch Kim Buker Chansler 19th century wood display type design. Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1990 Blackoak Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design. Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1990 Adobe Caslon Carol Twombly Revival of Caslon. Three weights. Semibold weight included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1990 Madrone Barbara Lind 19th century wood display type design. Fat face Didone.
1990 Minion Robert Slimbach 1991 Multiple Master, 1992 Cyrillic, 2000 OpenType, 2018 Minion 3
1990 Poplar Barbara Lind 19th century wood display type design. Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1990 Willow Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design.
1990, 1991 Adobe Wood Type Ornaments Barbara Lind and Joy Redick 19th century wood display type design. Decorative elements and catchwords.
1992 Myriad Carol Twombly and Robert Slimbach Humanist sans. Glyphset expanded for OpenType by Fred Brady and Christopher Slye.
1992 Poetica Robert Slimbach Script font inspired by chancery cursive designs. One weight, many stylistic alternates.
1993 Caflisch Script Robert Slimbach Based on the calligraphic handwriting of Max Caflisch.
1993 Critter Craig Frazier Zoomorphic alphabet (A=ape, etc.). Caps only.
1993 Cutout Gail Blumberg Inspired by Matisse paper cuts.
1993 Giddyup Laurie Szujewska Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1993 Mezz Michael Harvey Wedge serif slanted design, somewhat similar to Albertus.
1993 Mythos Min Wang and Jim Wasco Based on illustrations of legendary monsters. Caps-only.
1993 Pepperwood Kim Buker Chansler, Carl Crossgrove and Carol Twombly Decorative 19th century display type design. Chromatic font.
1993 Quake Fryda Berd (a.k.a. Fred Brady) Distressed serif design, reminiscent of grunge typography.
1993 Rad John Ritter Anthropomorphic alphabet (letters formed by skateboarders). Caps only.
1993 Rosewood Kim Buker Chansler, Carl Crossgrove and Carol Twombly Decorative 19th century display type design. Chromatic font.
1993 Sanvito Robert Slimbach Nearly-upright italic script font. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to bold. Creative Suite 4 registration incentive[15] Some styles included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1993 Studz Michael Harvey Based on 8th century manuscript hand and riveting.
1993 Toolbox Brian Strysko Letters formed by images of hand tools. Caps only.
1993 Viva Carol Twombly Inline serif design somewhat resembling Colonna. Many weights from light to black, three widths from condensed to extended.
1993 Zebrawood Kim Buker Chansler, Carl Crossgrove and Carol Twombly Decorative 19th century display type design. Chromatic font.
1994 Nueva Carol Twombly Quirky serif design with fine, almost slab serifs, more for display than for text use. Considered as a lowercase companion to Charlemagne. Condensed style also created.
1994 Penumbra Lance Hidy All-cap design based on Lance Hidy's poster lettering. Four styles ranging from sans to serif.
1995 Alexa John Benson Included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1995 Balzano John Benson
1995 Caliban John Benson
1995 Galahad Alan Blackman Modulated-stroke sans-serif display face, inspired by Optima and the flat-pen writing of Friedrich Neugebauer.
1995 Adobe Jenson Robert Slimbach Venetian old-style serif design. Four optical sizes.
1995 Jimbo Jim Parkinson Chunky serif display face without italic. Parkinson described it as a "happy Bodoni".
1996 Andreas Michael Harvey Outline capitals inspired by Art Nouveau lettering.
1996 Conga Brava Michael Harvey
1996 Cronos Robert Slimbach Humanist sans-serif design with stroke modulation, inspired by calligraphy. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to bold.
1996 Kepler Robert Slimbach Didone or Modern serif font. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to black, condensed/extended styles. Semicondensed Display Bold is included for free in Adobe's entry-level Typekit plan.
1996 Mojo Jim Parkinson Inspired by psychedelic lettering used for rock concert posters.
1996 Ouch! Joachim Müller-Lancé Letters inspired by hospital equipment. All caps.
1996 Shuriken Boy Joachim Müller-Lancé Science fiction-inspired techno-geometric sans, in which all interior spaces inside letters are triangular. Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1997 Banshee Tim Donaldson
1997 Bickham Script Richard Lipton Based on George Bickham's English Roundhand specimens in The Universal Penman.
1997 Chaparral Carol Twombly Old-style font with slab serif influences. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to bold.
1997 Ex Ponto Jovica Veljović Rough-edged font based on Veljović's calligraphy.
1997 Flood Joachim Müller-Lancé Italic capitals, originally written with a dried-out felt tip marker.
1997 Kinesis Mark Jamra Irregular slab serif with a near-upright italic. Resembles Joanna but more lively.
1997 Kozuka Mincho 小塚明朝 Masahiko Kozuka 小塚昌彦
1997 Nyx Rick Cusick Stencil serif titling capitals with sharp wedge serifs and an irregular design.
1997 Waters Titling Julian Waters Titling capitals inspired by Greek monuments with fine, almost unbracketed serifs. Bold and a bold condensed style. No italics.
1998 Fusaka Michael Want Latin letters that mimic Japanese writing. Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1998 Immi 505 Tim Donaldson Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
1998 Postino Timothy Donaldson Slab serif, loosely based on Courier but with a chunky, wacky design.
1998 Reliq Carl Crossgrove Letters that look like ancient inscriptions. Four styles ranging from Calm to Extra Active.
1998 Voluta Script Viktor Solt Script font based on 18th century writing.
1999 Blue Island Jeremy Tankard Letters connect in unusual ways for futuristic look.
1999 Strumpf Mário Feliciano Standard release included with Adobe's free Typekit plan.
2000 Calcite Akira Kobayashi
2000 Moonglow Michael Harvey Outline sans-serif with stroke modulation, reminiscent of Optima. Caps-only, wide range of widths and weights.
2000 Silentium Jovica Veljović Slanted type. Includes inline titling capitals.
2000 Warnock Robert Slimbach Named after John Warnock, co-founder of Adobe. Wedge-serif design. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to bold.
2001 Kozuka Gothic 小塚ゴシック Masahiko Kozuka 小塚昌彦
2001 Montara Jim Parkinson Irregular design somewhat suggesting planks nailed together.
2002 Brioso Robert Slimbach Calligraphic old-style serif design. 4 optical sizes, weights from light to bold.
2003 Ryo Display りょう Display Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子
2003 Ryo Text りょう Text Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子
2003 Sava Jovica Veljović Calligraphic capitals and small capitals design, weights from light to black.
2004 Adobe Arabic Tim Holloway
2004 Adobe Hebrew John Hudson
2004 Adobe Thai Fiona Ross, John Hudson and Tim Holloway
2004 Ryo Gothic りょうゴシック Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子
2005 Garamond Premier Robert Slimbach An adaptation of Adobe Garamond in five optical sizes. Creative Suite 2 registration incentive.
2006, 2009, 2010 Kazuraki かづらき Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子 The Std version was first developed in 2006 but it was never released. The SPN version was released in 2009. The SP2N version, which is the latest, was released in 2010.
2007 Arno Robert Slimbach Old-style serif. One of Adobe's most complex releases, in five optical sizes with support for polytonic Greek and Cyrillic.
2007, 2010 Hypatia Sans Thomas Phinney Humanist sans-serif. Creative Suite 3 registration incentive. Roman fonts 2007, kerned by Robert Slimbach & Miguel Sousa; italic fonts 2010 finalized by Paul Hunt.
2010 Adobe Devanagari Fiona Ross and Tim Holloway
2010 Adobe Text Robert Slimbach Creative Suite 5 registration incentive[16]
2011 Adobe Naskh Muhammad Zuhair Ruhani Bazi, Robert Slimbach Arabic design in the Naskh style.
2011 Myriad Arabic Robert Slimbach
2011 Myriad Hebrew Robert Slimbach
2011 Trajan Sans Robert Slimbach
2012 Leander Script Viktor Solt-Bittner
2012 Source Sans Pro Paul D. Hunt Adobe’s first open source type family.
2012 Source Code Pro Paul D. Hunt Monospaced companion to Source Sans, also open source.
2013 Adobe Gujarati David Březina
2013 Adobe Tamil Fernando Mello
2014 Source Serif Pro Frank Grießhammer Adobe’s 100th typeface family, companion to Source Sans. Transitional serif inspired by Fournier, weights from extra-light to black. Italics released 2018.
2014 Source Han Sans, 思源黑体 (Simplified Chinese), 思源黑體 (Traditional Chinese), 源ノ角ゴシック (Japanese), 본고딕 (Korean) Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子 Adobe’s first open source Pan-CJK type family
2015 Acumin Robert Slimbach Neo-grotesque sans-serif, similar to Helvetica and Univers
2015 Adobe Kannada Erin McLaughlin
2016 Bickham Script Pro 3 Richard Lipton Extension to Bickham Script. Includes Cyrillic, Greek, and a broader Latin character set (incl. Vietnamese).
2017 Source Han Serif, 思源宋体 (Simplified Chinese), 思源宋體 (Traditional Chinese), 源ノ明朝 (Japanese), 본명조 발표 (Korean) Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子 Adobe’s 100th typeface family, companion to source Pan-CJK. Transitional serif inspired by Fournier, weights from extra-light to heavy.
2018 Joschmi Joost Schmidt, Flavia Zimbardi, Ferdinand Ulrich
2018 Xants Xanti Schawinsky, Luca Pellegrini, Ferdinand Ulrich
2018 Alfarn Alfred Arndt, Celine Hurka, Ferdinand Ulrich
2018 CarlMarx Carl Marx, Hidetaka Yamasaki, Ferdinand Ulrich
2018 Reross Reinhold Rossig, Elia Preuss, Ferdinand Ulrich
2019 Adobe Handwriting Ernest March, Frank Grießhammer, Tiffany Wardle de Sousa.
2019 Flegrei Ulrike Rausch
2019 Pantelleria Ulrike Rausch
2019 Filicudi Ulrike Rausch
2019 Source Han Mono, 思源等宽 (Simplified Chinese), 思源等寬 (Traditional Chinese), 源ノ等幅 (Japanese), 본모노 (Korean) Ryoko Nishizuka 西塚涼子 Monospaced companion to Source Han Sans, also open source, weights from extra-light to heavy.
2020 Pelago Robert Slimbach

OpenType conversion

When Adobe converted PostScript Type 1 and multiple master fonts to OpenType Compact Font Format (CFF), they were based on the last Type 1/MM versions from the Adobe Type Library. In addition to file format change, there were numerous other changes:

  • For fonts designed by Robert Slimbach for Adobe, some received major redesigns (notably Cronos), while most were re-spaced and re-kerned.
  • Some formerly all-capitals fonts such as Lithos Pro and Trajan Pro, received previously non-existent small-caps glyphs in the slots for lowercase characters.
  • All alphabetic fonts which did not already have a euro symbol had one added.
  • All alphabetic fonts added 16 extra characters: 14 Mac "symbol substitution" characters, the litre and estimated symbols. Symbol substitution was a scheme used on Mac OS, wherein for certain characters input using a Type 1 font with standard encoding, both screen and print would pull a generic version of the glyph in the Times style from the Symbol font. In OpenType, Adobe put customized versions of the formerly generic symbol substitution glyphs in every font, with a different appearance and metric in each font. The new glyphs include partialdiff, Delta (math), integral, pi (math), product (capital math pi), root, infinity, lozenge (diamond), summation (cap math Sigma), approxequal, ohm (capital math Omega), lessequal, greaterequal.
  • Unkerned accented characters received additional kerning to deal with accented characters.
  • Font families that formerly included separate Type 1 "Expert" fonts or Cyrillic fonts had these glyphs merged into the base fonts in their OpenType versions.
  • Multiple master fonts were converted to individual OpenType fonts; each font consists of a former multiple master instance.

As a result of the changes, Adobe does not guarantee metric compatibility between Type 1 and OpenType fonts.[17]

See also

References
  1. Coles, Stephen. "Top Ten Typefaces Used by Book Design Winners". FontFeed (archived). Archived from the original on 28 February 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  2. Coles, Stephen (7 September 2012). "Adobe ad in U&lc, 1987". Fonts In Use. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  3. Riggs, Tamye. "A typographic revolution begins". Typekit blog. Adobe. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  4. Riggs, Tamye. "Stone, Slimbach, and Twombly launch the first Originals". Typekit blog. Adobe. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  5. Slye, Christopher. "Coming to your desktop: fonts from Adobe". Typekit Blog. Adobe.
  6. Riggs, Tamye. "Typographic Tales from Japan". Typekit blog. Adobe. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  7. Heller, Stephen (16 September 2015). "Digital Wood at 25". Print. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  8. King, Emily. "West Coast (PhD thesis chapter)". Typotheque. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  9. Shetty, Sharan. "The Rise And Fall Of Grunge Typography". The Awl. Archived from the original on 2015-09-25. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  10. Palladio, Valentina (27 December 2013). "Angst, imagination, and the Ray Gun Effect: a history of grunge typography". The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  11. Twardoch; Slimbach; Sousa; Slye (2007). Arno Pro (PDF). San Jose: Adobe Systems. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 August 2014. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
  12. Coles, Stephen. "New Additions: November 2015". Identifont. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  13. Slimbach, Robert. "Using Acumin". Acumin microsite. Adobe Systems. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  14. Berry, John. "Acumin - design". Adobe Typekit. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  15. "The Typekit Blog - Creative Suite 4 (CS4) fonts". The Typekit Blog.
  16. "The Typekit Blog - Useful Details About Creative Suite 5 (CS5) Fonts". The Typekit Blog.
  17. "Type 1 to OpenType font conversion FAQ". adobe.com.
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