Advaita Acharya
Advaita Acharya (IAST: Advaita Ācārya; 1434–1559), (born Kamalaksha Mishra; কমলাক্ষ মিশ্র),[1] was a companion of the founder of the Gaudiya Vaishnava movement, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, and guru of Haridasa Thakur.[2][3] He was born in the village of Nabagram in Laud (in present-day Sunamganj District, Bangladesh), in 1434, some fifty years before Chaitanya, and spent most of his adult life in the town of Shantipur in Nadia with his wife and family. Advaita Acharya had six sons, Acyutananda Das (who also became a disciple of Chaitanya), Krisna Mishra, Gopala Das, Balarama Das Mishra (whose lineage became the zamindar of Krishna Chandra), Swarupa Das and Jagadisa Mishra.
Śrī Advaita Acharya | |
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 Wooden deities of Advaita Acharya and his wife Sita Devi, Sitanath Advaita Mandir, Nabadwip | |
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| Born | Kamalaksha Mishra c. 1434 |
| Religion | Hinduism Gaudiya Vaisnavism |
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| Known for | Expounded Gaudiya Vaishnavism, Bhakti yoga along with Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Mahaprabhu and Śrī Nityānānda Prabhu |
| Philosophy | Bhakti yoga, Achintya Bheda Abheda |
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| Guru | Madhavendra Puri |
| Associates | Śrī Nityānānda Prabhu, Śrī Kṛṣṇa Caitanya Mahaprabhu, Śrī Gadadhāra Pandita, Śrīvāsa Thakura, Haridasa Thakur and others |
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Advaita Acharya contributed in two Sanskrit literature, named Yogabashishta-Bhaishta and Geeta Bhaishya.[4] The ancestry and life of Advaita Acharya are narrated in a number of hagiographical works, which include the Balyalila-Sutra (1487?) of Krishnadasa[lower-alpha 1] in Sanskrit and the Advaitasutrakadacha of Krishnadasa, the Advaitamangala of Haricharanadasa, the Advaitaprakasha of Ishana Nagara[5] and the Advaitavilasa of Naraharidasa in Bengali.[6] Many of his activities are described in the Chaitanya Charitamrta, the Chaitanya Mangala and the Chaitanya Bhagavata.
Life story
Advaita Acharya was the son of Kubera Acharya. Kubera was the courtier of Divya Singh, the King of Laur. Kubera's father was Narsingha who was the minister of King Ganesha of Nadiyal.[7]
In his latter years, Advaita Acharya became increasingly saddened by the pursuit of materialistic goals that, he believed, lead to a dysfunctional, unhappy society and concluded that the only solution was to offer prayers, begging his Supreme Lord Krishna to come as an Avatar and attract people back to the joy of the spiritual life. Advaita Acharya is said to have prayed for several months, crying out and worshiping him in the form of his Shaligram Shila with sacred Tulasi leaves and Ganges water. At the end of thirteen months during an eclipse of the full moon, his prayers were answered when Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was born. It was also Advaita Acharya who first proclaimed Chaitanya to be God Himself by reciting the Vedic text 'namo brahmanya devāya go-brāhmaṇa hitāya ca jagaddhitāya kṛṣṇāya govindāya namo namaḥ' 'I salute Kṛṣṇa, Govinda, the god of brāhmaṇas who benefits cows and brāhmaṇas and the whole world.' He is known to have been a close friend of both Chaitanya and Nityananda in their mission of spreading the Hare Krishna mantra. Advaita Acharya's abode was the first place where Chaitanya took alms, and this is where He told Chaitanya "Wherever you are is Vrindavan."[8] On the day marking his birth members hold a celebration in his honour and read and discuss stories of his life.
Descendants of Advaita Acharya
He has many lineages from two of his children. Bijoy Krishna Goswami falls under one lineage. Renowned poet, playwright & musician Dwijendralal Ray was a descendant of Advaita Acharya from his mother's side & so was Dwijendralal's illustrious son Dilip Kumar Roy.
See also
References and notes
- Krishna Das is the name of Divya Singha, the king of Laur. After becoming a fellower of Advaita Acharya, Divya Singha adopted this name.[4]
- "Shantipur parichoy"-Kalikrishna Bhattacharaya&"Samajer Pratichhabi Bises Shantipur Sankhya."-editor-Satya Narayan Goswami. A. N. Chatterjee (1984). Srikṛṣṇa Caitanya: A Historical Study on Gauḍiya Vaiṣṇavism. Associated Pub. Co. ISBN 9780836413212. Retrieved 7 June 2008.p. 52
- Brzezinski, J.A.N. (2004). "Charismatic Renewal And Institutionalization In The History Of Gaudiya Vaishnavism And The Gaudiya Math". The Hare Krishna Movement: The Postcharismatic Fate of a Religious Transplant. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-12256-6. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
- Rebecca Manring (2005). Reconstructing tradition: Advaita Ācārya and Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇavism at the cusp of the twentieth century. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 168. ISBN 0-231-12954-8.
- Momin, Mignonette; Mawlong, Cecile A.; Qādrī, Fuz̤ail Aḥmad (2006). Society and Economy in North-East India. Regency Publications. p. 271. ISBN 978-81-89233-40-2.
- Sen, Sukumar (1991, reprint 2007). Bangala Sahityer Itihas, Vol.I, (in Bengali), Kolkata: Ananda Publishers, ISBN 81-7066-966-9, pp.302-6
- Sen, Dinesh Chandra (1911). History of Bengali Language and Literature, Calcutta: University of Calcutta, pp.496-7
- Nath, Rajmohan (1948). The back-ground of Assamese culture. A. K. Nath. p. 123.
- Goswami, Satsvarupa dasa (2002). Srila Prabhupada Lilamrta Vol 1-2 (2 nd ed.). Los Angeles: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. pp. Ch.55. ISBN 0-89213-357-0.