Agasthyagama
Agasthyagama beddomii, commonly known as the Indian kangaroo lizard, is a diurnal, terrestrial, insectivorous agamid lizard, endemic to the Western Ghats of South India.
| Agasthyagama | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Iguania |
| Family: | Agamidae |
| Genus: | Agasthyagama Srikanthan, Adhikari, Ganesh, Deuti, Das, Kulkarni, Gowande, & Shanker, 2021 |
| Species: | A. beddomii |
| Binomial name | |
| Agasthyagama beddomii Boulenger, 1885 | |
Etymology
The specific name, beddomii, is in honor of British army officer and botanist Richard Henry Beddome (1830–1911).[2]
The common name, Indian kangaroo lizard, is derived from the lizard's habit of running on its hind legs with the body held upright.
Geographic range
A. beddomii is endemic to Western Ghats, where it is known from Sivagiri Hills (type locality), Agasthyamalai, Cardamom Hills and Travancore hills in Tamil Nadu and Kerala states.
Description
From snout to vent A. beddomii is about 1.75 inches (4.4 cm) long with a tail of about 3 inches (7.6 cm). The head is covered in scales that have a sharp keel running along the centre, a feature also found in the Sri Lankan species (O. nigristigma and O. wiegmanni ). The scales on the head between the eyes are smaller and form about two or three longitudinal series. An inverted Y shape is formed by the keels of the scales but is indistinct. The canthus rostralis (or snout) is not prominent. There are 9 or 10 scales on the upper and lower lip. There are small pits on each side of the neck and in front of the shoulder. The scales on the back are unequal in size with the larger ones forming regular V-shaped marks with the point facing backwards, enlarged ones sometimes forming regular chevrons on the back, with the point facing backward. The scales on the underside are larger than those above. The scales on the side are small but with large scales interspersed. The scales on the upper side of the legs are large and keeled. When the hind leg is held along the body, the tip of the foot reaches the snout, the heel reaching the ear opening. The tail is round and slender and about two times the length of the head and body. The tail is covered by strongly keeled scales. The colour is olive brown with patches of dark brown on the back and limbs. A dark oblique band runs below the eye to the mouth. The underside is whitish, and young lizards have a brown throat.[3]
Habitat
The preferred habitat of A. beddomii is moist leaf litter on the forest floor of both evergreen and deciduous forests, but it may also climb onto low tree trunks and shrubs.[4]
Reproduction
A. beddomii is an oviparous species, with adult females laying clutches of 3–5 eggs.[4]
Conservation status
The distribution of A. beddomii is highly fragmented in patches of dense forest in the Western Ghats from and south of the Shencottah Gap.[5] The species appears to be sensitive to human disturbance. A record from Kodaikanal has been considered to be in error.[6][7]
References
- Srinivasulu, C.; Ganesan, S.R.; Vijayakumar, S.P. (2013). "Otocryptis beddomii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T173021A1375696. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T173021A1375696.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Otocryptis bedomii, p. 21).
- Boulenger GA (1885). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume I. Geckonidæ, Eublepharidæ, Uroplatidæ, Pygopodidæ, Agamidæ. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 436 pp. + Plates I-XXXII. (Otocryptis beddomii, new species, pp. 272-273 + Plate XXIII, figure 1).
- Das I (2002). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. ISBN 0-88359-056-5. (Otocryptis beddomii, p. 78).
- Jose J, Ramachandran KK, Nair PV (2007). "A rare and little known lizard, Otocryptis beddomi, from the Myristica swamps of southern Kerala, India". Herpetological Bulletin. 101: 27–31.
- Murthy TSN (1980). "Recent rediscovery of the rare agamid lizard Otocryptis beddomii ". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 77 (2): 343–344.
- Chandramouli SR (2009). "Status and microhabitat preference of Otocryptis beddomii Boulenger, 1885 (Reptilia: Agamidae) in Ponmudi Hills, Western Ghats, Kerala, India". Taprobanica: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity. 1 (2): 107. doi:10.4038/tapro.v1i2.2763.
Further reading
- Boulenger GA (1890). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xviii + 541 pp. (Otocryptis beddomii, p. 116).
- Smith MA (1935). The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. II.—Sauria. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 440 pp. + Plate I + 2 maps. (Otocryptis beddomii, pp. 147–148, Figure 44).
