Al-Ayoubi family

Al-Ayoubi, (also El-Ayoubi, Al-Ayyubi, Arabic: آل الأَيّوبيّ), is the name of a prominent Levantine family of royal and noble lineage, dating back to the 11th century. Having originated in the ancient Armenian city Dvin,

Al-Ayoubi Family عائِلَة الأَيّوبيّ
Badge of the Al-Ayoubi Family
Current regionSyria, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait.
EtymologyNamed after Najm ad-Din Ayyub, a noble knight and governor from Dvin, Armenia[1]
Place of originDvin, Armenia
Founded1174
FounderSaladin
Titles

In Dvin, the family were considered to be the political-military elite of the town, later they relocated to the Levant.[2][3][4]

Origins

Named after Najm ad-Din Ayyub the son of Shadhi Ibn Marwan a military elite fortress commander from Dvin, Armenia who became the governor of Tikrit, Najm ad-Din Ayyub then succeeded his father as the governor of Tikrit and shortly after he left Tikrit to become the governor of Baalbek under Imad al-Din Zengi. Then he surrendered Baalbek and went to Damascus and settled, where his son Saladin grew up and founded the Ayyubid dynasty.[5][6]

The dynasty lasted 79 years, and it is considered one of the most influential dynasties in the history of the region.[7]

It ruled modern day Egypt, Syria, Upper Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen and the North African coast up to the borders of modern-day Tunisia. Saladin became the King and was nicknamed Al-Malik Al-Naser (The Victorious King).[8][9] He named members of the family as Emirs (Princes) over the various parts of his kingdom.

Modern history

In the modern era the family played a key role in politics, economy, and many other domains, as its members served in key roles in modern-day Syria, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Iraq.

Today, the vast majority of the family lives in Damascus, Beirut, and Aleppo[10][11]

In Syria

In Jordan

1965 he was appointed Minister of the Royal Hashemite Court by king Hussein of Jordan. In 1967 Saad became the Prime Minister of Jordan and the Minister of Defence. He spent his life in public service and wrote four books discussing and analysing

politics, history, and economics. He died on 19 August 1979 in London, United Kingdom.[17][18][19]

In Saudi Arabia

  • Dr. Muhammad Zuhair bin Abd-Alwahab bin Muhammad bin Saleh Agha Al-Ayoubi,[13] born in 1939. He was religiously schooled by Grand mufti Ahmad kuftaro in parallel with his traditional and academic education, he then became a member of the national union of the new born United Arab Republic. In 1964 he left Syria to Saudi Arabia where he was a co-founder of the Riyadh Radio and TV Stations and served as its director.

For his services King Faisal of Saudi Arabia granted him and his family Saudi citizenship. He went on and founded many schools and public organisations and supervised them till he died in 2013.[21][22][23]

In Iraq

List of monarchs

Frederick II Holy Roman Emperor (left) with King Al-Kamil (right).

Source: [25]

Noteworthy

Historical monuments

A present by His Imperial Majesty, the Emperor of Germany, Wilhelm II in the memory of his visit to the mausoleum of Saladin.

References

  1. Welsh, William E. (2017). "Saladin's Apprenticeship in Egypt". Medieval Warfare. 7 (4): 8–11. JSTOR 48578175.
  2. "Lionhearts". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  3. Lane-Poole, Stanley (1906). Saladin; and the fall of the kingdom of Jerusalem. Harvard University. New York London, G.P. Putnam's sons.
  4. "The book of Saladin". www.bklynlibrary.org. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  5. "Ayyūb | governor of Damascus". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  6. Ali, Tariq (2013-10-15). The Book of Saladin. Open Road Media. ISBN 978-1-4804-4854-4.
  7. "Saladin". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  8. "Saladin | Biography, Achievements, Crusades, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  9. "Saladin". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  10. al-Sawwaf, Mohammad (2010). موسوعة الأسر الدمشقية [Encyclopedia of Damascene Families] (in Arabic) (2 ed.). pp. 335–339. ISBN 978-9933-400-02-6.
  11. "آل الأيوبي". www.yabeyrouth.com. Retrieved 2021-07-20.
  12. "Ata al-Ayyubi". memim.com. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  13. al-Sawwaf 2010.
  14. al-Sawwaf 2010, p. 339.
  15. "رئاسة الوزراء - دولة السيد سعد جمعه". www.pm.gov.jo. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  16. "المدينة نيوز - آل جمعةالأيوبي". www.almadenahnews.com. 2009-10-11. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  17. "رئاسة الوزراء - دولة السيد سعد جمعه". www.pm.gov.jo. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  18. "دولة سعد جمعة". التراث الملكي الأردني. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  19. IslamKotob. تتمة الأعلام - ج 1 - آدم - عبد اللطيف (in Arabic). IslamKotob.
  20. "الأكراد الأردنيون". جريدة الغد (in Arabic). 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  21. "الإعلامي المعروف د. زهير الأيوبي إلى رحمة الله". www.al-jazirah.com. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  22. الخضيري, منصور (2013-09-03). "زهير الأيوبي.. قامة رحلت بصمت!". Watanksa (in Arabic). Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  23. "رحيل شيخ الإذاعيين الإعلامي القدير زهير الأيوبي". www.alukah.net (in Arabic). 2013-09-20. Retrieved 2021-07-23.
  24. "Ali Jawdat Al Ayoubi | Arab Revolt Centennial". arabrevolt.jo. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  25. "Sultanates: Ayyubid | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  26. Humphreys, R. Stephen (1994). "Women as Patrons of Religious Architecture in Ayyubid Damascus". Muqarnas. 11: 35–54. doi:10.2307/1523208. ISSN 0732-2992. JSTOR 1523208.
  27. "Abū al-Fidāʾ | Ayyūbid ruler and author". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
  28. Hillenbrand, Carole (2021-02-27). "The sultan, the Kaiser, the colonel, and the purloined wreath". The Making of Crusading Heroes and Villains. Routledge. pp. 112–124. doi:10.4324/9780429293283-7. ISBN 978-0-429-29328-3. S2CID 233882747.
  29. "Mausoleum of Saladin (Salah ul-Din Ayyubi) - Madain Project (en)". madainproject.com. Retrieved 2021-07-15.
  30. "Presentation wreath from Saladin's tomb". Imperial War Museums. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
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