Third party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election

This article lists third-party and independent candidates, also jointly known as minor candidates, associated with the 2020 United States presidential election.

Third party and independent candidates for the 2020 United States presidential election

"Third party" is a term commonly used in the United States in reference to political parties other than the Democratic and Republican parties. An independent candidate is one not affiliated with any political party.

The list of candidates whose names were printed on the ballot or who were accepted as write-in candidates varied by state. More than a hundred candidates were on the ballot or formally registered as write-in candidates in at least one state.[1]

All minor candidates combined received less than 2% of the national votes.[2]

Summary

Show/hide: [presidential candidates] [vice presidential candidates] [parties] [ballot access]

2020 United States presidential election results[2]
Presidential candidate Joe Biden Donald Trump Jo Jorgensen Howie Hawkins Rocky De La Fuente Gloria La Riva Kanye West
[lower-alpha 1]
Don Blankenship Brock Pierce Brian Carroll
Vice presidential candidate Kamala Harris Mike Pence Spike Cohen Angela Walker Darcy Richardson
[lower-alpha 1]
Sunil Freeman
[lower-alpha 2]
Michelle Tidball William Mohr Karla Ballard Amar Patel
Party or label[lower-alpha 3] Democratic
[lower-alpha 4]
Republican
[lower-alpha 5]
Libertarian Green[lower-alpha 6] Alliance
[lower-alpha 7]
PSL[lower-alpha 8] Birthday Constitution
[lower-alpha 9]
Independent
[lower-alpha 10]
American Solidarity
EV access Ballot 538 538 538 381 183 195 84 165 115 66
Total 538 538 538 511 289 401 243 305 285 463
State/DCEV12345678910OthersTotal votes
Alabama[7] 9849,6241,441,17025,176[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]7,3122,323,282
Alaska[8] 3153,778189,9518,897[lower-alpha 11]318[lower-alpha 11]1,127825[lower-alpha 11]4,634359,530
Arizona[9] 111,672,1431,661,68651,4651,5571902853,387,326
Arkansas[10] 6423,932760,64713,1332,9801,3211,3364,0992,1082,1411,7135,6591,219,069
California[11] 5511,110,6396,006,518187,91081,03260,16251,038[lower-alpha 1]1852,6051,29117,501,380
Colorado[12] 91,804,3521,364,60752,4608,9866361,0358,0895,0615722,5158,6673,256,980
Connecticut[13] 71,080,831714,71720,2307,53813255219541,823,857
Delaware[14] 3296,268200,6035,0002,1391416958761504,346
D. of Columbia[15] 3317,32318,5862,0361,7268556933,137344,356
Florida[16] 295,297,0455,668,73170,32414,7215,9665,7123,90285420111,067,456
Georgia[17][lower-alpha 12] 162,473,6332,461,85462,2291,013159617013104,999,960
Hawaii[19] 4366,130196,8645,5393,8229311,183574,469
Idaho[20] 4287,021554,11916,4044071,491493,6321,8062,80816334867,934
Illinois[21] 203,471,9152,446,89166,54430,4948,046189,5482886,033,744
Indiana[22] 111,242,4981,729,85758,901989895703,033,210
Iowa[23] 6759,061897,67219,6373,0751,082[lower-alpha 11]3,2101,707544[lower-alpha 11]4,8831,690,871
Kansas[24] 6570,323771,40630,5746693324579991,373,986
Kentucky[25] 8772,4741,326,64626,234716986,4833,5994081102,136,768
Louisiana[26] 8856,0341,255,77621,6459874,8978607492,4974,6172,148,062
Maine[27] 4435,072360,73714,1528,2301,18387819,461
Maryland[28] 101,985,023976,41433,48815,799261251,1171679524,2273,037,030
Massachusetts[29] 112,382,2021,167,20247,01318,658164[lower-alpha 13]16,3273,631,402
Michigan[30] 162,804,0402,649,85260,38113,7182,9867,2359631275,539,302
Minnesota[31] 101,717,0771,484,06534,97610,0335,6111,2107,940755,6511,0379,4963,277,171
Mississippi[32] 6539,398756,7648,0261,4983,6571,2796591,1611,3171,313,759
Missouri[33] 101,253,0141,718,73641,2058,283643,919664773,025,962
Montana[34] 3244,786343,60215,25234603,674
Nebraska[35] 5374,583556,84620,283[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]4,671956,383
Nevada[36] 6703,486669,89014,7833,13814,0791,405,376
New Hampshire[37] 4424,937365,66013,236217[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]82[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]2,073806,205
New Jersey[38] 142,608,4001,883,31331,67714,2022,7282,928909[lower-alpha 14]2,95427[lower-alpha 14]330[lower-alpha 14]3,255[lower-alpha 15]4,549,457
New Mexico[40] 5501,614401,89412,5854,4261,6401,806923,965
New York[41] 295,244,8863,251,99760,38332,832254372,2195522,6569993728,616,861
North Carolina[42] 152,684,2922,758,77548,67812,1957,54913,3155,524,804
North Dakota[43] 3115,042235,7519,371[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]1,860362,024
Ohio[44] 182,679,1653,154,83467,56918,8121,4503725,922,202
Oklahoma[45] 7503,8901,020,28024,7315,5972,5473,6541,560,699
Oregon[46] 71,340,383958,44841,58211,831[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]22,0772,374,321
Pennsylvania[47] 203,458,2293,377,67479,3801,282[lower-alpha 16][lower-alpha 16][lower-alpha 16][lower-alpha 16][lower-alpha 16][lower-alpha 16]362[lower-alpha 16]20,0496,936,976
Rhode Island[48] 4307,486199,9225,053[lower-alpha 11]923847[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]7672,759517,757
South Carolina[49] 91,091,5411,385,10327,9166,9071,8622,513,329
South Dakota[50] 3150,471261,04311,095422,609
Tennessee[51] 111,143,7111,852,47529,8774,5451,8602,30110,2795,3657622,6763,053,851
Texas[52] 385,259,1265,890,347126,24333,3963502,785[lower-alpha 17]2,80911,315,056
Utah[54] 6560,282865,14038,4475,0531,1397,2135,5512,6233682,4731,488,289
Vermont[55] 3242,820112,7043,6081,310481661,2692081002094,986367,428
Virginia[56] 132,413,5681,962,43064,761[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]19,7654,460,524
Washington[57] 122,369,6121,584,65180,50018,289[lower-alpha 11]4,840[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]29,7394,087,631
West Virginia[58] 5235,984545,38210,6872,5990925540794,731
Wisconsin[59] 101,630,8661,610,18438,4911,0891104115,1465,2596,4853,298,041
Wyoming[60] 373,491193,5595,768[lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11][lower-alpha 11]2,208[lower-alpha 11]1,739276,765
Total53881,283,50174,223,9751,865,535407,06888,24185,68570,95060,08049,77340,365254,458158,429,631
Legend
Listed on ballot
Registered as write-in candidate
Write-in candidates allowed without registration
Not a candidate in the state/DC

Candidates who received more than 2,000 votes

The candidates below are listed in order of national vote totals.[2][lower-alpha 21]

Jo Jorgensen, Libertarian Party

Libertarian candidate Jo Jorgensen was the only minor candidate to breach a million votes nationwide, getting more than 1 % of the national votes and more than the margin between the two major candidates, Donald Trump and Joe Biden, in several battleground states.[62][63] She was also the only minor candidate who was on the ballot in every state.

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
2020 Libertarian Party ticket[64]
Jo Jorgensen Spike Cohen
for President for Vice President
Clemson University lecturer from South Carolina Podcaster and businessman from South Carolina
Campaign
Other candidates for the Libertarian Party nomination
Jacob Hornberger Vermin Supreme John Monds Jim Gray Adam Kokesh Dan Behrman
Founder and President of the Future of Freedom Foundation Performance artist, activist, and political satirist Former President of the Grady County, Georgia NAACP Former presiding judge for the Superior Court of Orange County, California Libertarian and anti-war political activist Software engineer and podcaster
Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign
W: May 23, 2020
8,986 votes (20.55%)
236 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
4,288 votes (9.81%)
171 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
1 vote (<0.01%)
147 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
42 votes (0.10%)
98 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
2,728 votes (6.24%)
77 first round delegates
W: May 23, 2020
2,337 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates
[64] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68]
Sam Robb Justin Amash Ken Armstrong Lincoln Chafee Max Abramson Kim Ruff
Software engineer and author
Former naval officer
U.S. representative from MI-03 (2011–present) U.S. Coast Guard
commissioned officer
(1977–1994)
Governor of Rhode Island (2011–2015) and U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (1999–2007) New Hampshire State Representative (2014–2016; 2018–present) Vice chair of the LPRadical Caucus
Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign Campaign
W: May 23, 2020
1,943 votes (5.06%)
0 first round delegates
W: May 17, 2020
3 votes (0.01%)
17 first round delegates
W: April 29, 2020
3,509 votes (8.03%)
0 first round delegates
W: April 5, 2020
294 votes (0.67%)
1 (write-in) first round delegate
W: March 3, 2020
2,052 votes (5.34%)
0 first round delegates
W: January 11, 2020
3,045 votes (7.93%)
0 first round delegates
[68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73]

Howie Hawkins, Green Party

Ballot access by state[lower-alpha 6]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Green Party ticket[lower-alpha 6][74][75]
Howie Hawkins Angela Walker
for President for Vice President
Co-founder of the Green Party from New York ATU Local 998 Legislative Director (2011–2013) from South Carolina
Campaign
Additional party nominations: Legal Marijuana Now[lower-alpha 28][77]
Socialist Alternative[78][79]
Socialist Party USA[80]
Other candidates for the Green Party nomination
Dario Hunter
Officially recognized[lower-alpha 29]
Sedinam
Moyowasifza-Curry
Dennis Lambert Jesse Ventura David Rolde
Officially recognized[lower-alpha 29]
Member of the Youngstown Board of Education (2016–2020) Activist Documentary filmmaker Governor of Minnesota (1999–2003) Co-chair of the Greater Boston Chapter of the Green-Rainbow Party
Campaign
89.5 delegates (20.1%)
3,087 votes
10.5 delegates (3.0%)
2,229 votes
9 delegates (2.6%)
2,029 votes
8 delegates (1.7%)
49 votes
5.5 delegates (1.6%)
960 votes
[81] [82] [83] No candidacy [84]

Rocky De La Fuente, Alliance Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Alliance Party ticket[lower-alpha 1][85]
Rocky De La Fuente Darcy Richardson
for President for Vice President
Businessman and perennial candidate from California Author, historian and political activist from Florida
Campaign
Additional party nominations: Reform Party
Natural Law Party of Michigan
American Independent Party
Other candidates for the Reform Party nomination
Max Abramson Johannon Ben Zion Phil Collins Souraya Faas
New Hampshire State Representative from the 20th Rockingham district Former 2020 presidential nominee of the Transhumanist Party from Arizona Former Libertyville Township Trustee and 2020 presidential nominee of the Prohibition Party from Nevada Former member of the Miami-Dade County Republican executive committee from Florida
Campaign Campaign
4 votes[86] 1 vote[86] 0 votes[86][87] Withdrew before convention
(endorsed De La Fuente)[86]

Gloria La Riva, Party for Socialism and Liberation

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Party for Socialism and Liberation ticket[lower-alpha 2][88][89]
Gloria La Riva Sunil Freeman
for President for Vice President
Activist and writer from California Author and activist from the District of Columbia
Additional party nominations: Liberty Union Party
Peace and Freedom Party

Kanye West, Birthday Party

Ballot access by state[lower-alpha 1]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Birthday Party ticket[lower-alpha 1][90][91]
Kanye West Michelle Tidball
for President for Vice President
Rapper, producer and fashion designer from Wyoming Preacher from Wyoming
Campaign

Don Blankenship, Constitution Party

Ballot access by state[lower-alpha 9]
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Constitution Party ticket[lower-alpha 9][92]
Don Blankenship William Mohr
for President for Vice President
Former CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginia Chairman of the U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan from Michigan
Campaign
Candidates for the Constitution Party nomination
Don Blankenship Charles Kraut Don Grundman Samm Tittle Daniel Clyde Cummings J. R. Myers
Former CEO of Massey Energy from West Virginia Author from Virginia Chairman of the Constitution Party of California 2012 and 2016 independent presidential candidate from Texas Physician from Utah Former Alaska Constitution Party Chairman
Convention
139.5 votes (1st ballot)
177 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
639 votes
Convention
77.8 votes (1st ballot)
86.75 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
186 votes
Convention
25.25 votes (1st ballot)
24 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
256 votes
Convention
46.35 votes (1st ballot)
21.25 votes (2nd ballot)
Popular Vote
195 votes
Convention
13.1 votes (1st ballot)
Popular Vote
133 votes
Popular Vote
116 votes[lower-alpha 30]

Brock Pierce, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[93][94]
Brock Pierce Karla Ballard
for President for Vice President
Director of the Bitcoin Foundation and former actor from Puerto Rico Entrepreneur from Pennsylvania
Campaign
Additional party nominations and ballot labels: American Shopping Party[95]
Independence Party of New York[96]
Freedom and Prosperity

Brian Carroll, American Solidarity Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 American Solidarity Party ticket[97][98]
Brian T. Carroll Amar Patel
for President for Vice President
Teacher from California Chairman of the American Solidarity Party from Illinois
Campaign
Other candidates for the American Solidarity Party nomination
Joe Schriner Joshua Perkins
Plumber and activist from Ohio Programmer from Texas
Campaign
[99]

Jade Simmons, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[lower-alpha 18][100][101]
Jade Simmons Claudeliah J. Roze
for President for Vice President
Classical concert pianist from Texas Defense contractor from Texas
Additional ballot label: Becoming One Nation

Alyson Kennedy, Socialist Workers Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Socialist Workers Party ticket[102][103]
Alyson Kennedy Malcolm Jarrett
for President for Vice President
Mineworker and 2016 nominee from Texas Cook from Pennsylvania

Bill Hammons, Unity Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Unity Party ticket[104]
Bill Hammons Eric Bodenstab
for President for Vice President
Founder of the Unity Party from Texas Chairman of the Colorado Unity Party from Colorado
Campaign

Jerome Segal, Bread and Roses

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Bread and Roses ticket[105]
Jerome Segal John de Graaf
for President for Vice President
Philosopher from Maryland Documentary filmmaker and author from Washington
Campaign

Dario Hunter, Progressive Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Dario Hunter
Dario Hunter
2020 Progressive Party ticket[106]
Dario Hunter Dawn Neptune Adams
for President for Vice President
Youngstown Board of Education member (2016–2020) and 2020 Green candidate for President from Ohio Activist from Maine
Additional party nominations: Oregon Progressive Party[107]

Phil Collins, Prohibition Party

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Prohibition Party ticket[108]
Phil Collins Billy Joe Parker
for President for Vice President
Former Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevada Former Marine from Georgia
Campaign
Previous nominees of the Prohibition Party
First nominees[109]
Bill Bayes C. L. Gammon
for President for Vice President
2016 Vice Presidential nominee
from Mississippi
Historian from Tennessee
Bayes withdrew on March 21, 2019[110]
Second nominees[111]
C. L. Gammon Phil Collins
for President for Vice President
Historian from Tennessee Former Libertyville Township Trustee from Nevada
Gammon withdrew on August 2, 2019[112]

Jesse Ventura, Green Party of Alaska

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
2020 Green Party of Alaska ticket[lower-alpha 6]
Jesse Ventura Cynthia McKinney
for President for Vice President
Governor of Minnesota (1999–2003) U.S. Representative from Georgia (1993–2003)

Mark Charles, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[lower-alpha 31][114][115]
Mark Charles Adrian Wallace
for President for Vice President
Activist from the District of Columbia Community organizer and activist from Kentucky

Joe McHugh, independent

Ballot access by state
  On ballot
  Write-in
Independent[116]
Joe McHugh Elizabeth Storm
for President for Vice President
Marine veteran and entrepreneur from Michigan Attorney from Michigan

Other votes

A few states counted write-in votes for anyone, including people who did not declare themselves candidates and even non-human entities.[117][118] In Vermont, write-in preferences included well-regarded politicians (including misspellings), celebrities, fictional characters, deities and a type of cheese.[119]

In Nevada, the ballots included the option "None of These Candidates", which received 14,079 votes.[36]

Debates

Primaries

Early on March 4, 2020, the Free & Equal Elections Foundation held a debate at the Hilton Chicago Hotel. Various third-party candidates, as well as minor candidates affiliated with the Democratic and Republican parties attended.[120] Some, but not all, of the participants would go on to be their parties nominees.

2020 Free & Equal debates
No.Date & TimeLocationModeratorsInvited participants
 P  Participant. Democratic Libertarian Green Constitution American Solidarity Life and Liberty Transhumanist
Businessman
Mark Stewart
of Connecticut
Activist
Dan Berhman
of Texas
Carpenter
Erik Gerhardt
of Pennsylvania
LNC Vice Chair
Arvin Vohra
of Maryland
Activist
Sedinam Moyowasifza-Curry
of California
Financial Advisor
Charles Kraut
of Virginia
Educator
Brian Carroll
of California
Activist
J.R. Myers
of Alaska
Activist
Ben Zion
of Arizona
1a March 4, 2020
2:00 pm CST
Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin P P P P P P P P P
 P  Participant. Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist
PSL Independent
Futurist
Zoltan Istvan
of California
Attorney
Mosie Boyd
of Arkansas
Lieutenant
Ken Armstrong
of Hawaii
Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina
Corporal
Adam Kokesh
of Indiana
Activist
Vermin Supreme
of Massachusetts
Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York
Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California
Activist
Mark Charles
of the District of Columbia
1b March 4, 2020
6:30 pm CST
Chicago, Illinois Christina Tobin P P P P P P P P P

General election

Two debates were held prior to the general election. The first was on October 8, 2020, in Denver, Colorado, with participation limited to candidates on the ballot in at least eight states.[121] A second debate with the same candidates occurred on October 24, 2020, in Cheyenne, Wyoming.[122]

2020 Free & Equal debates
No.Date & TimeLocationModeratorsInvited participants
 P  Participant.
 A  Absent Invitee.
Republican Democratic Libertarian Green /
Socialist
PSL Alliance /
Reform
Constitution American Solidarity Independent
President
Donald Trump
of Florida
Former Vice President
Joe Biden
of Delaware
Lecturer
Jo Jorgensen
of South Carolina
Tradesman
Howie Hawkins
of New York
Activist
Gloria La Riva
of California
Businessman
Rocky De La Fuente
of California
Businessman
Don Blankenship
of West Virginia
Educator
Brian Carroll
of California
Entrepreneur
Brock Pierce
of Puerto Rico
Producer
Kanye West
of Wyoming
2 October 8, 2020
6:00 pm MDT
Denver, Colorado Christina Tobin A A A P P A P P P A
3 October 24, 2020
6:00 pm MDT
Cheyenne, Wyoming Christina Tobin A A A P P A A P P A

Withdrawn candidates

Declined

Individuals in this section were the subject of speculation that they might run for president as an independent or minor party candidate for the 2020 election but later said that they would not.

See also

Notes

  1. In California, Kanye West was nominated by the American Independent Party as Rocky De La Fuente's vice presidential candidate, without either candidate's consent.[3]
  2. The party's original vice presidential candidate was Leonard Peltier, who withdrew for health reasons[4] but remained listed in Illinois, Minnesota and Texas.
  3. In some states, some candidates were listed as independent or unaffiliated rather than their political party or label.
  4. Also nominated by the Working Families Party in New York. Additional nomination by the Independent Party of Oregon was not listed on the ballot.[5]
  5. Also nominated by the Conservative Party in New York.
  6. In Alaska, the Green Party nominated Jesse Ventura and Cynthia McKinney instead of the national candidates Howie Hawkins and Angela Walker, who then registered in that state as write-in candidates representing the Socialist Party USA. In Rhode Island, the Green Party refused to nominate a presidential candidate to the ballot.[6]
  7. Nominated by the American Independent Party in California (with Kanye West for vice president), the Reform Party in Florida, and the Natural Law Party in Michigan.
  8. Nominated by the Peace and Freedom Party in California, and the Liberty Union Party in Vermont.
  9. In New Mexico, the Constitution Party nominated Sheila "Samm" Tittle and David Carl Sandidge instead of the national candidates. In Alaska, Sheila "Samm" Tittle and John Wagner registered as a write-in candidates representing the Constitution Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot. In Arizona, where the Constitution Party did not have ballot access, Daniel Clyde Cummings and Ryan Huber registered as a write-in candidates representing the party instead of the national candidates.
  10. Nominated by the American Shopping Party in Hawaii, and the Independence Party in New York. Registered with label Freedom and Prosperity in Louisiana.
  11. May have received write-in votes, which were not reported individually and are included in others.
  12. This table reflects the results certified by the state, which recorded fewer votes in Fulton County than those reported by the county.[18]
  13. Write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by local governments. Included in others.
  14. Write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by counties.[39] Not included in totals.
  15. Additionally 14,049 write-in votes unofficially compiled from results reported by counties,[39] not included in totals.
  16. Write-in votes reported by the Federal Election Commission. May have received more write-in votes included in others.
  17. Result certified by the state, which did not include 422 write-in votes for this candidate reported by Harris County.[53]
  18. In Florida, Melissa Nixon was listed as Jade Simmons's vice presidential candidate.
  19. In Alaska, John Wagner was listed as Sheila "Samm" Tittle's vice presidential candidate.
  20. The Prohibition Party previously nominated Connie L. Gammon for president and Phil Collins for vice president. After Connie L. Gammon withdrew, the party nominated Phil Collins for president and Billy Joe Parker for vice president. In Arkansas, both sets of candidates remained listed on the ballot.
  21. The results certified by Texas recorded 1,866 write-in votes for candidate President R19 Boddie in Bexar County,[52] while the county reported that number as the total of all write-in votes for president and no vote for that candidate.[61] These disputed votes are included in the numbers shown in the table in this article, but disconsidered for ordering the candidates and for inclusion in the main section.
  22. Unofficially compiled from results reported by the state. Included in others.
  23. In Vermont, Taja Yvonne Iwanow was listed as Kyle Kopitke's vice presidential candidate.
  24. Registered as write-in candidates representing the Republican Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot.
  25. In Minnesota, James Edward McFadden was listed as Marcus Sykes's vice presidential candidate.
  26. Karen M. Short was listed as Sharon Wallace's vice presidential candidate in Maryland, but they were listed as separate candidates in the District of Columbia.
  27. Registered as write-in candidates representing the Democratic Party in addition to the party's nomination of the national candidates to the ballot.
  28. The Legal Marijuana Now Party originally nominated Mark Elsworth and later Rudy Reyes for president but in August decided to nominate Hawkins.[76]
  29. Official recognition by the Green Party is needed in order to receive its nomination.
  30. Myers was only on the ballot in Idaho, and did not participate in the National Convention.
  31. Adrian Wallace replaced original vice-presidential nominee Sedinam Moyowasifza-Curry, who was removed from the campaign for unknown reasons.[113]

References

  1. "The Green Papers: 2020 General Election – Presidential Candidate Ballot Access by State – Sorted by On Ballot". The Green Papers. December 1, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  2. "Federal Elections 2020" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. October 2022.
  3. Column: Roque De La Fuente-Kanye West ticket in California is one for the ages, The San Diego Union-Tribune, October 21, 2020.
  4. Winger, Richard (August 2, 2020). "Party for Socialism & Liberation Alters its Vice-Presidential Nominee". Ballot Access News. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  5. Official ballot, Multnomah County, OR, November 3, 2020, Multnomah County Elections Division.
  6. R.I. Green Party won't run a presidential candidate, Uprise RI, May 29, 2020.
  7. General Election Results November 3, 2020, Alabama Secretary of State.
    Section 17-6-27: Write-in votes; listing of independent candidates; form of ballots, Code of Alabama, Alabama Legislature.
  8. "Election Summary Report" (PDF). Alaska Division of Elections. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
    November 3, 2020 general election candidate list Archived October 2, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Alaska Division of Elections, October 29, 2020.
  9. State of Arizona Official Canvass, Arizona Secretary of State.
  10. "November 3, 2020 2020 General Election and Nonpartisan Judicial Runoff". Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  11. Statement of Vote, California Secretary of State.
  12. "November 3, 2020 2020 General Election". Retrieved December 9, 2020.
    2020 general election candidate list, Colorado Secretary of State, October 2, 2020.
  13. "2020 Presidential Election". Connecticut Secretary of State. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  14. "Election Results". State of Delaware – Department of Elections. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
    General election 11/03/2020, declared write-in candidates by office, Delaware Department of Elections, September 29, 2020.
  15. "General Election 2020 – Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
    Response to Freedom of Information Act Request, District of Columbia Board of Elections, December 1, 2020.
  16. "November 3, 2020 General Election". Florida Department of State. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
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