Amazon Fire

The Amazon Fire, formerly called the Kindle Fire, is a line of tablet computers developed by Amazon. Built with Quanta Computer, the Kindle Fire was first released in November 2011, featuring a color 7-inch multi-touch display with IPS technology and running on Fire OS, an Android-based operating system. The Kindle Fire HD followed in September 2012, and the Kindle Fire HDX in September 2013. In September 2014, when the fourth generation was introduced, the name "Kindle" was dropped. In later generations, the Fire tablet is also able to convert into a Smart speaker turning on the "Show Mode" options, which the primary interaction will be by voice command through Alexa.

For the smartphone, see Fire Phone. For the media player, see Amazon Fire TV. For the 2019 Amazon rainforest wildfires, see 2019 Amazon rainforest wildfires.

Amazon Fire
Kindle Fire (7", 1st gen, 2011)
showing Wikimedia Commons main page
DeveloperAmazon Inc.
ManufacturerQuanta Computer[1]
TypeTablet computer & Smart speaker for latest model (by turning on show mode)
Release dateNovember 15, 2011 (2011-11-15) (US)
September 6, 2012 (2012-09-06) (Europe)
December 18, 2012 (2012-12-18) (Japan)
Units sold7 million (as of October 2012)[2]
Operating systemFire OS
System on a chipTI OMAP 4 (1st and 2nd gen)
MediaTek MT81xx (5th gen and newer)
CPUDual and Quad core (ARM)
Memory512 MB RAM (1st gen)
1 GB RAM (2nd gen)[3]
2 GB RAM (12th gen)
Storage8 GB,[4] 16 GB, or 32 GB
Display7 inch, 1024×600 resolution, capacitive multi-touch display[4]
GraphicsPowerVR and Mali
Sound3.5 mm stereo audio jack
Top-mounted stereo speakers (1st and 2nd gen)
Bottom-mounted mono speaker (5th gen and newer)
CameraFront and Rear facing cameras
ConnectivityMicro-USB 2.0 (type B),[5] USB-C 2.0 (12th gen)
3.5 mm stereo socket[5]
Wi-Fi
Bluetooth (5th gen and newer)
Online servicesAmazon Prime, Amazon Cloud Storage, Amazon Cloud Player, Amazon Video, Amazon Silk, Amazon Appstore, Amazon Kindle Store
Dimensions190 mm (7.5 in) H
120 mm (4.7 in) W
11.4 mm (0.45 in) D[6]
Mass413 g (14.6 oz)[7]
SuccessorFire HD
WebsiteAmazon Fire
Amazon (Kindle) Fire tablet models
Android LCD devices
  • Kindle Fire (black)
    Sep 28, 2011
  • Kindle Fire HD 7 (1st gen) (black)
    Sep 14, 2012
  • Kindle Fire HD 8.9 (black)
    Nov 20, 2012
  • Kindle Fire HD 7 (2nd gen) (black)
    October 2, 2013
  • Kindle Fire HDX 7 (black)
    Oct 18, 2013
  • Kindle Fire HDX 8.9 (black)
    Nov 7, 2013
Fire OS LCD devices
Kindle Fire showing components, back cover removed

History

The Kindle Fire—which includes access to the Amazon Appstore, streaming movies and TV shows, and the Kindle Store for e-books—was released to consumers in the United States on November 14, 2011, after being announced on September 28.[8]

The original Kindle Fire retailed for US$199 in 2011.[9] Estimates of the device's initial bill of materials cost ranged from $150 to $202.[10][11] Amazon's business strategy was stated in 2011 as making money through sales of digital content on the Fire, rather than through sales of the device itself.[12][13][14]

On September 6, 2012, the Kindle Fire was upgraded to the second generation, and its price was reduced to US$159, RAM upgraded to 1 GB and processor clock speed upgraded to 1.2 GHz. On September 7, 2012, upgrades to the device were announced with consumer availability to those European countries with a localised version of Amazon's website (United Kingdom,[15] France, Germany, Italy and Spain).[16]

As of October 2012, the Kindle Fire was the second best selling tablet after Apple's iPad, with about 7 million units sold according to estimates by Forrester Research[2] and as of 2013 Amazon's tablets were the fourth best selling.[17]

The Fire tablet line was not updated until 2015; Amazon only released Fire HD and Fire HDX tablets during that time. In 2015 Amazon made a full refresh of their tablet family where they brought the range down market as a series of budget focused devices, returning to the lower-spec Fire line and cancelling the HDX line.

In September 2015, Amazon announced the release of the Fire 7, priced at US$49.99 for the 8GB version that displays advertisements on the lock screen. As of March 2016 it was the lowest-priced Amazon tablet.[18] In June 2016, its price was dropped briefly to US$39.99.[19] This fifth generation tablet introduced a micro SD card slot for extra storage.[20]

A slightly improved Fire 7 was released in June 2017, keeping the US$49.99 price point.[21]

An upgraded model of Fire 7 was announced in May 2019, with a scheduled release in June 2019 and keeping the US$49.99 price point.[22]

In 2022, Amazon released a significantly updated model of the Fire 7. New features to the basic Fire line are USB-C, Fire OS 8, a 2 MP front camera, a larger 10-hour life capable battery, and a significantly faster SoC with twice the RAM and storage of the previous generation. Though the tablet still features budget hardware Amazon increased the base price to $59.99.[23]

Design

Hardware

The Kindle Fire hardware is manufactured by Quanta Computer (an Original Design Manufacturer), which also originally helped design the BlackBerry PlayBook, using it as a hardware template for the Kindle Fire.[24] First-generation Kindle Fire devices employed a 1-GHz Texas Instruments OMAP 4430 dual-core processor. The device has a 2-point multi-touch colour LCD screen with a diagonal length of 7 inches (180 mm) and a 600×1024-pixel resolution (160 dpi density). Connectivity is through 802.11n Wi-Fi and USB 2.0 (Micro-B connector). The device includes 8 GB of internal storage—said to be enough for 80 applications, plus either 10 movies or 800 songs or 6,000 books.[25][26] According to Amazon, the first-generation Kindle Fire's 4400 mAh battery sustains up to 8 hours of consecutive reading and up to 7.5 hours of video playback with wireless off;[27] later generations all offered around 7–8 hours[28]

Of the 8 GB internal storage available in the first-generation Kindle Fire, approximately 6.5 GB was available for content.[29]

The first-generation Kindle Fire has a sensor on the upper left-hand corner of the screen. This was widely considered to be an ambient-light sensor, disabled since an early software upgrade.[30]

Colour display technologies consume much more power than monochrome electronic paper (E-ink) types; Fire offer a typical battery life of 8 hours of mixed usage, while monochrome Kindles offer 15 to 30 hours' use without WiFi—"battery lasts weeks on a single charge"—with a much lower-capacity battery.[31]

Software

The first generation of Kindle Fire devices run a customised Android 2.3.3 Gingerbread OS.[32] The second-generation Kindle Fire HD runs a customised Android 4.0.3 Ice Cream Sandwich OS.[33] Along with access to Amazon Appstore,[5][34] the Fire includes a cloud-accelerated "split browser", Amazon Silk, using Amazon EC2 for off-device cloud computation; including webpage layout and rendering, and Google's SPDY protocol for faster webpage content transmission.[35][36][37] The user's Amazon digital content is given free storage in Amazon Cloud's web-storage platform,[5] 5 GB music storage in Amazon Cloud Drive, and a built-in email application allows webmail (Gmail, Yahoo!, Hotmail, AOL Mail, etc.) to be merged into one inbox.[5] The subscription-based Amazon Prime, which includes unlimited streaming of movies and TV shows, is available with a free 30-day trial period.[5]

Content formats supported by the first-generation Kindle Fire were Kindle Format 8 (KF8), Kindle Mobi (.azw), TXT, PDF, unrestricted MOBI, PRC natively, Audible (Audible Enhanced (AA, AAX)), DOC, DOCX, JPEG, GIF, PNG, BMP, PSD, EPUB non-DRM AAC, MP3, MIDI, OGG, WAV, MP4, VP8.[5][38]

Because of Amazon's USB driver implementation, the first-generation Kindle Fire suffered from slow USB transfer speeds. For example, transferring an 800MB video file may have taken more than three minutes in 2011.[39]

It is possible to convert a Kindle Fire to a tablet running standard Android, with some loss of Amazon-related functionality, and lacking features such as Bluetooth, microphone, camera, and memory expansion.[40]

In May 2022, Amazon announced the company were updating the foundation of the Fire Operating System. Amazon's next Fire 7 Tablet will come with the company's Fire OS called Fire OS 8, while Fire OS 7 has run on Android 9 since 2018, Fire OS 8 will be based on Android 11, which the company stated is a pretty significant upgrade to the foundational software currently powering Amazon tablets. With this development the company aims to introduce new user features such as a system-wide dark mode.[41]

Reception

Analysts had projected the device to be a strong competitor to Apple's iPad,[9][42] and that other Android device makers would suffer lost sales.[43][44]

In a 2012 review published by Project Gutenberg, the Kindle Fire was called a "huge step back in freedom from the Kindle 3"; the reviewer noted that Amazon introduced a "deliberate limitation" into the Fire that didn't exist in the previous version: it is no longer possible to download free e-books from websites such as Project Gutenberg, Internet Archive and Google Books and have them stored permanently in the same places where books from Amazon are kept.[45]

Sales

Customers began receiving Kindle Fires on November 15, 2011; in December 2012, customers had purchased over a million Kindle devices per week.[46] International Data Corporation (IDC) estimated that the Kindle Fire sold about 4.7 million units during the fourth quarter of 2011.[47]

The Amazon Kindle Fire helped the company beat their 2012 first quarter estimates and boosted the company's stock in extended trading.[48] As of May 2013, about 7 million units had been sold according to estimates.[2] Statistics for FY2014 or Q1&2 2015 are not yet available.

Family

Up to the present, there have been many generations of Fire tablets spread across three different feature design lines: Fire, Fire HD, and Fire HDX.[49]

Beyond this usage, Fire is also used for a range of media devices and for one generation of smart phone.

Models

Overview on generations and models for all Fire (including Fire HD) tablet devices:[49]

Generation
(Model Year)		1st
(2011)		2nd
(2012)		2.5th
(2012)		3rd
(2013)		4th
(2014)		5th
(2015)		6th
(2016)		7th
(2017)		8th
(2018)		9th
(2019)		10th
(2020)		11th
(2021)		12th
(2022)		13th
(2023)
Display
Size
(Diagonal)		 6" Fire HD
7" Kindle FireKindle Fire,
Kindle Fire HD		Kindle Fire HD,
Kindle Fire HDX Wi-Fi,
Kindle Fire HDX WAN		Fire HDFireFireFireFire 7
8" Fire HDFire HDFire HDFire HDFire HD,
Fire HD Plus		Fire HD 8,
Fire HD 8 Plus
8.9" Kindle Fire HD Wi-Fi,
Kindle Fire HD WAN		Kindle Fire HDX Wi-Fi,
Kindle Fire HDX WAN		Fire HDX Wi-Fi,
Fire HDX WAN
10.1" Fire HDFire HDFire HDFire HD 10,
Fire HD Plus		Fire HD 10
11" Fire Max 11

Note: Items in bold are currently available.

Detailed specifications for some of the 7" Fire tablets:

Generation
(within Amazon Fire tablets)		 1st
(2011)		 2nd
(2012)		 5th
(2015)		 7th
(2017)		 9th
(2019)		 12th
(2022)
ModelKindle Fire Fire Fire 7
Code name Otter/Blaze Otter2 Ford Austin Mustang Quartz
Model Number D01400[50] KFOT KFFOWI KFAUWI KFMUWI KFQUWI
Release date November 15, 2011September 14, 2012 September 30, 2015 June 7, 2017 June 6, 2019 June 29, 2022
Status Old version, no longer maintained: Discontinued Old version, no longer maintained: Discontinued Old version, no longer maintained: Discontinued Old version, no longer maintained: Discontinued Older version, yet still maintained: Supported Current stable version: Current
OS Fire OS 1
based on Android 2.3.3[51]		 Fire OS 2.4(?)
based on Android 4.0.3[52]		 Fire OS 5
based on Android 5.1.1		 Fire OS 5.3.6
based on Android 5.1.1		 Fire OS 6.3.0
based on Android 7.1		 Fire OS 8
based on Android 11
System Version 6.3.4[53]10.5.1[53]
Fire OS (latest) 2.43.15.7.0.0[53]7.3.2.7[53]8.3.1.9[53]
ScreenSize (diagonal) 7"
Resolution 1024 × 600
Density 169 ppi 171 ppi
CPU Maker Texas InstrumentsMediaTek
Kind Dual-core OMAP4Quad-core
Model 4430 HSMT8127B[54]MT8163V/B
(in 32-bit mode)[55]		MT8168V/B
Cores 2× ARM Cortex-A9
@ 1.0 GHz		2× ARM Cortex-A9
@ 1.2 GHz		4× ARM Cortex-A7
@ 1.3 GHz		4× ARM Cortex-A53
@ 1.3 GHz		4× ARM Cortex-A53
@ 2.0 GHz
Width 32-bit 64-bit & 32-bit[56]
GPU Designer Imagination TechnologiesARM Holdings
Kind PowerVRMali
Model SGX540450450 MP4T720 MP2G52 3EE MC1
Clock 304 MHz[57]384 MHz[54]600 MHz600 MHz[58]520 MHz[59]800 MHz[60]
Storage RAM 512 MiB1 GiB2 GiB
Internal 8 GB8 GB or 16 GB16 GB or 32 GB
External — At least up to
128 GB microSDXC		 At least up to
256 GB microSDXC		 At least up to
512 GB microSDXC		 At least up to
1 TB microSDXC
Camera Back — 2 MP
Front 0.3 MP VGA2 MP
Microphone — Yes
Bluetooth — Bluetooth 4.0 LEBluetooth 4.1 LEBluetooth 5.0 LE
Wireless Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n802.11 a/b/g/n (dual band)802.11 a/b/g/n/ac (dual band)
+Cellular —
Location —Wi-Fi based
Proximity —
Compass
Light sensor —Yes—
Accelerometer Yes
Gyroscope —
Barometer
Weight 413 g (14.6 oz)400 g (14 oz) 313 g (11.0 oz)295 g (10.4 oz)286 g (10.1 oz)282 g (9.9 oz)
Dimensions 190 × 120 × 11.4 mm
(7.48 × 4.72 × 0.45 in)		189 × 120 × 11.5 mm
(7.44 × 4.72 × 0.45 in)		 191 × 115 × 10.6 mm
(7.52 × 4.53 × 0.42 in)		 192 × 115 × 9.6 mm
(7.56 × 4.53 × 0.38 in)		 192 × 115 × 9.6 mm
(7.56 × 4.53 × 0.38 in)		 180.7 × 117.6 × 9.7 mm
(7.11 × 4.63 × 0.38 in)
Battery Capacity 4400 mA⋅h2980 mA⋅h[61]2980 mA⋅h3200 mA⋅h3750 mA⋅h
Life (up to) ?7 hours8 hours7 hours10 hours
Legend:
Old version
Older version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release
  • The Kindle Fire in horizontal position displaying web page
    The Kindle Fire in horizontal position displaying web page
  • The iPad (left) compared with the Kindle Fire (right)
    The iPad (left) compared with the Kindle Fire (right)
  • The Kindle Fire (left) compared with the iPod Touch (right)
    The Kindle Fire (left) compared with the iPod Touch (right)
  • The Kindle Fire (left) compared with the iPad Mini (center) and the Nexus 7 (2012 version) (right)
    The Kindle Fire (left) compared with the iPad Mini (center) and the Nexus 7 (2012 version) (right)

See also
  • Fire HD, the 'mid-market' version of the Kindle Fire, with improved specifications, including higher resolution screens and improved processors running Fire OS since 4th generation and Android for the early models.
  • Fire HDX, the 'high-end' version of the Kindle Fire, the mostly highly specified Fire, with improved resolution and faster processors running Fire OS for all models.
  • Comparison of:

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