Andong Province

Andong / Antung (Wade-Giles) (traditional Chinese: 安東省; simplified Chinese: 安东省; pinyin: Āndōng Shěng), or Liaodong (simplified Chinese: 辽东省; traditional Chinese: 遼東省; pinyin: Liáodōng Shěng), was a former province in Northeast China, located in what is now part of Liaoning and Jilin provinces. It was bordered on the southeast by the Yalu River, which separated it from Korea.

For other uses, see Andong (disambiguation).
Former province of the Republic of China
安東省
Antung Province
(1945-1949)
Capital Tunghwa
former province of the People's Republic of China
辽东省
Liaodong Province
(1949-1954)
Capital Andong (present name: Dandong)

History

The name of the province Antung in Chinese means "pacify the east" and was likely inspired by the Protectorate General to Pacify the East established during the Tang Dynasty.

Antung Province was first created in 1934 as a province of the Japanese-controlled Empire of Manchukuo, when the former Fengtian Province was divided into three parts: Antung Province, Fengtian Province and Jinzhou Province. Antung was further sub-divided in 1939 into Antung Province and Tonghua Province.

After the annexation of Manchukuo by the Republic of China after the end of World War II, the Kuomintang reunited Antung and Tonghua, and continued to recognize the area as Antung Province. However, under the administration of the People's Republic of China, Antung Province was renamed as Liaodong Province and it was abolished in 1954, and its area was divided between Liaoning Province and Jilin Province.

Administration division

The capital of Antung Province from 1934–1939 was Tonghua, in modern-day Jilin. However, after the 1939 administrative reorganization of the province, the capital moved to Antung, an important border town between Manchukuo and Korea, and a major center on the railroad from Korea to Mukden.

The area of the province (from 1934–1939 and 1945–1954) was 62,160 km2 (24,000 sq mi).

1949–1954
Name Administrative Seat Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Subdivisions
Andong Andong 安东市 Āndōng Shì 6 districts
Yingkou Yingkou 营口市 Yíngkǒu Shì 5 districts
Tonghua Tonghua 通化市 Tōnghuà Shì none
Liaoyang Liaoyang 辽阳市 Liáoyáng Shì none
Tongliao Division Xi'an 通辽专区 Tōngliáo Zhuānqū 1 city & 4 counties
Directly-controlled 25 counties

See also

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