Angelos Akotantos

Angelos Akotantos (Greek: Άγγελος Ακοτάντος 1390-1457) was a Greek painter, educator, and protopsaltis. He painted icons in the maniera greca, at a time when that style was moving away from the traditions of the Byzantine Empire and towards the more refined aesthetic of the Cretan School. Akotantos taught painting to Andreas Pavias, Andreas Ritzos, and Antonios Papadopoulos, and his style influenced later artists such as Georgios Klontzas, Theophanes the Cretan, Michael Damaskinos and El Greco. Angelos's brother Ioannis was also a famous painter. There are 50 extant paintings reliably attributed to Akotantos, 30 of which bear his signature.[1][2][3][4][5]

Angelos
Icon of the Mother of God and Infant Christ (Virgin Eleousa)
Born1390
Crete, Republic of Venice
Died1457 (1458)
Heraklion, Republic of Venice
NationalityGreek
Known forIconography and hagiography
Notable workThe Virgin Cardiotissa,
The Congregation of the Archangels,
Sts Peter and Paul, Deisis,
St. Phanourios killing the Dragon
MovementCretan School
SpouseEleni Marmara
Years active1425–1457
Era15th century
StyleManiera Greca

History

Angelos Akotantos was born in Crete. He had a sister and two brothers; one of the latter was the famous painter Ioannis Akotantos. Much information about Angelos's life is drawn from the will he composed in 1436, in advance of a planned journey to Constantinople. The document is now housed in the State Archives of Venice.[6] At the time of writing, Angelos was married to Eleni Marmara and they were expecting their first child. He was relatively wealthy with a significant number of possessions.[7]

Angelos enjoyed a high level of education—as demonstrated by his ability to write his own will—and owned a big and valuable library. He specified that if his child died young the books in this library should be sold and the money raised should go to charities of his choice. Alongside his painting activities, he was a chanter and teacher of music; the Venetian authorities appointed him protopsaltis (first chanter), an honorable position carrying a government salary.[8]

He was familiar with the monastic superior of Saint Phanourios at Versamonero, and the will grants the institution a sum of money to hold memorial services after his death. He also had a relationship with the monastery of Saint Catherine, leaving them an icon of the eponymous saint.[9]

Akotantos's paintings are extremely popular and his style has been copied by many icon painters. Copies of his paintings can be found in churches and private collections all over the world namely Greece. One church that exhibits a copy of an Akotantos painting is the Church of St. Symeon, Mytilene. They have Saint Anne with the Virgin.[10]

Akotantos was one of the most important Greek painters of the first half of the 15th century. The center of Byzantine art was transferred from the capital of the Constantinople to Heraklion because of the fall of Constantinople in 1453. He supplied icons to Greek churches and monasteries on Crete, Patmos, Rhodes, and elsewhere. Akotantos painted icons of Saint Phanourios killing the dragon, similar to Saint George, a local tradition found in the icons of the 15th century in Crete. Many scholars believe that the famous painter Angelos who is responsible for countless paintings is actually Akotantos. He inspired countless painters and most of his work is emulated even today.[11][12]

  • Jesus Pantocrator by Angelos Akotantos
    Jesus Pantocrator by Angelos Akotantos
  • The Virgin and Child by Akotantos. Cleveland Art Museum
    The Virgin and Child by Akotantos. Cleveland Art Museum
  • The Virgin and Child
    The Virgin and Child
  • The Virgin Cardiotissa
    The Virgin Cardiotissa
  • The Virgin and Child
    The Virgin and Child
  • Saint Anne with the Virgin
    Saint Anne with the Virgin
  • Saint Fanourious
    Saint Fanourious
  • St George on Horseback, Slaying the Dragon
    St George on Horseback, Slaying the Dragon
  • St George
    St George
  • Congregation of the Archangels
    Congregation of the Archangels
  • John the Baptist
    John the Baptist
  • Tree of Jesus
    Tree of Jesus
  • Jesus, Mary, and Saint John
    Jesus, Mary, and Saint John
  • Christ Enthroned
    Christ Enthroned
  • Christ Enthroned
    Christ Enthroned

Notable works

See also

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Angelos Akotantos.
  1. Richardson, Carol M. (2007). Locating Renaissance Art. United Kingdom: Yale University Press. p. 200. ISBN 978-0300121889.
  2. Achimasto Patamianoy, Mirtali (1991). Two Paintings of Andreas Ritzos and Angelos Akotantos at the Byzantine Museum (PDF). Athens GR: Journal of the Christian Archaeological Society. p. 118.
  3. Icon of the Mother of God and Infant Christ (Virgin Eleousa), c. 1425-1450 attributed to Angelos Akotantos (Greek, c. 1450) at the Cleveland Museum of Art
  4. Byzantium's Artistic Legacy Mark Rose. Archaeological Institute of America. 7 November 2002. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  5. Eugenia Drakopoulou (January 4, 2022). "Angelos (1) or Angelos Akotantos". Institute for Neohellenic Research. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
  6. C. M. Richardson, K. Woods, M. W. Franklin, "Renaissance art reconsidered: an anthology of primary sources" Google Books
  7. Richardson, 2007, p. 178
  8. Richardson, 2007, p. 178
  9. Richardson, 2007, p. 178
  10. Richardson, 2007, p. 178
  11. Icon of the Mother of God and Infant Christ (Virgin Eleousa), c. 1425–1450 attributed to Angelos Akotantos (Greek, c. 1450) at the Cleveland Museum of Art
  12. M. Vassilaki, "The Painter Angelos and Icon-Painting in Venetian Crete", Farnham 2009
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