Anti-Red Tape Authority

Prior to 2007, red tape ran prevalent within government services. Because of the long turnaround time for government services, some government officials, termed fixers, expedited provision of those services in exchange for a fee.[2]

On June 2, 2007, the 13th Congress of the Philippines and former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo passed the Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007. The act aimed to reduce bureaucratic red tape within the government and reduce the corruption that results from it.[3] The initial implementation of the Anti-Red Tape Act was spearheaded by the Civil Service Commission (CSC) and joined by the Development Academy of the Philippines, the Office of the Ombudsman, and the Presidential Anti-Graft Commission. Its Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)—a document defining specifics for the law's implementation—was signed on July 24, 2008.[4]

In 2016, the 8888 Citizen's Complaint Hotline opened to receive reports of poor government front-line service delivery and corrupt practices in government agencies.[5]

In an effort to further streamline government services, the 17th Congress of the Philippines and former President Rodrigo Duterte passed the Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act of 2018.[6] The law, passed on May 28, 2018, officially created the Anti-Red Tape Authority as a new attachment of the Office of the President.[6] Ernesto V. Perez was the first appointed official of the agency, being appointed a deputy director general on October 31, 2018 and later officer-in-charge for the authority's Office of the Director General on December 8.[7][8] The final public hearing for the agency's IRR was held on April 16, 2019, but was blocked from promulgation due to the lack of an appointed director general, who has the sole power to recommend the IRR's approval to the president.[9][10] In the period between the passing of the original law and the authority's IRR, red tape still remained a problem for businesses in the Philippines.[11] The agency's first director general, Jeremiah Belgica, was appointed on July 3, 2019.[12] Subsequently, the IRR of the authority was passed on July 17, 2019, over a year after the agency was first formed.[13] The IRR was formed and promulgated as a joint document by the CSC, the Department of Trade and Industry, and the authority.[14]

On June 2, 2022, Ombudsman Samuel Martires ordered the preventive suspension of Belgica and four other authority officials for six months following a complaint made by Dito Telecommunity Chief Administrative Officer Adel Tamano which accused the authority of giving preferential treatment to Now Telecom.[15] The Office of the President implemented the suspension on June 7.[16] Perez returned as director general officer-in-charge for the authority on June 11.[17] He was later appointed by President Bongbong Marcos as the authority's new permanent director general on November 14, 2022, replacing Belgica.[18][19] On March 3, 2023, the Ombudsman found the suspended officials guilty of grave misconduct; they were dismissed, disqualified from holding public office, and stripped of retirement benefits. The officials who were removed from position prior to the conviction,,including Belgica, including Belgica, were ordered to pay a fine equal to one year of their salary.[20][21]

Prior to the approval of its IRR, the authority already began accepting and resolving complaints of red tape from businesses and individuals.[22] From the start of its operations until June 2021, the authority received 1,178 complaints, of which 537 were resolved.[29] The authority opened an online complaint management system in 2022, allowing citizens to submit complaints through the internet.[30] Following a memorandum of agreement signed in February 2023, government agencies were now required to respond to complaints of poor service submitted by citizens within 72 hours. The 8888 hotline was also given the power to act as complainant for these cases.[31][32] In 2023, the authority claimed that it had resolved over 98% of the complaints it had received.[33]

The authority was mandated by the Ease of Doing Business (EODB) Act to ensure the creation of Business One Stop Shop (BOSS) services within local government units (LGUs). Local government units were required to set up a single window where this service would be rendered. The deadline for the creation of these services was on June 17, 2021—three years after the EODB Act was signed.[34]

As part of its digitization efforts, the authority also pushed LGUs to set up an electronic BOSS (e-BOSS) system, where citizens can file and be issued government documents online.[34] For municipalities without the budget to develop their own systems, the authority, partnered with the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), offered DICT-developed software free of charge.[35] By March 2022, only 13% of LGUs had an operational e-BOSS system.[35] To aid in digitization, the authority partnered with Meralco to provide 500 computers to LGUs and with telecommunications companies to provide internet connections in isolated areas that have no connectivity.[35]