Anton Marty
Martin Anton Maurus Marty (German: [ˈmarti]; 18 October 1847 – 1 October 1914) was a Swiss-born Austrian philosopher and Catholic priest. He specialized in philosophy of language, philosophy of psychology and ontology.
Anton Marty | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 18 October 1847 |
| Died | 1 October 1914 (aged 66) |
| Alma mater | University of Würzburg University of Göttingen |
| Era | 20th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | School of Brentano |
| Institutions | Franz-Josephs-Universität Czernowitz (1875–1880) University of Prague (1895–1897) |
| Thesis | Kritik der Theorien über den Sprachursprung (Criticism of Theories About the Origin of Language) (1875) |
| Doctoral advisor | Hermann Lotze |
| Other academic advisors | Franz Brentano |
| Doctoral students | Alfred Kastil |
Main interests | Philosophy of language, psychology, ontology |
Notable ideas | Descriptive semasiology[1] Inner linguistic form[1] Autosemantica vs. synsemantica[1] Presentational suggestives[1] Impersonals[1] |
Biography
Marty was a student and follower of Franz Brentano, his teacher at the University of Würzburg in 1868–70. He was ordained in 1870, but resigned from the priesthood in 1872.
He taught at the Franz-Josephs-Universität Czernowitz (Austria-Hungary) from 1875 to 1880 and after that at the University of Prague (Austria-Hungary), where from 1895 to 1897 he was twice rector.
Thought
Marty was concerned with a synchronic analysis of language itself and has been described as a pre-cursor to linguistic structuralists.[1] Marty distinguished between 'autosemantica' and 'synsemantica', the former can be used by themselves and the latter cannot. Examples of autosemantica include things like nouns and proper names while examples of the latter are things like conjunctions.[2][1] He used the term 'impersonals' to refer to expressions he considered to be without a subject like "it is raining".[3]
Legacy
The Prague School linguists were influenced by his works.[4] Franz Kafka attended his philosophy lectures while at the University of Prague.[5]
Bibliography
- Ueber den Ursprung der Sprache (On the Origin of Language), 1875
- Die Frage nach der geschichtlichen Entwicklung des Farbensinnes, 1879
- Untersuchungen zur Grundlegung der allgemeinen Grammatik und Sprachphilosophie, 1908
- Zur Sprachphilosophie. Die „logische“, „lokalistische“ und andere Kasustheorien, 1910
- Raum und Zeit, 1916
See also
Notes
- "Anton Marty" at the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- Thass-Thienemann, Theodore (1973). The Interpretation of Language Volume 1. J. Aronson. p. 141.
- Cesalli, Laurent (2014). Anton Marty & Karl Bühler. Schwabe Verlag. p. 176.
- Roman Jakobson (1933), "La scuola linguistica di Praga", La cultura 12, 633–641, esp. p. 637.
- Neil Heims (2004). Harold Bloom (ed.). Franz Kafka. Philadelphia: Chelsea House. p. 28. ISBN 079107871X.
References
- Seuren, Pieter A. M. (1998), Western linguistics: An historical introduction, Wiley-blackwell, ISBN 0-631-20891-7
- Barry Smith, Austrian Philosophy: The Legacy of Franz Brentano, Open Court Publishing, 1994, Ch. 4: "Anton Marty: On Being and Truth".
- Johannes Marek and Barry Smith, “Einleitung zu A. Martys ‘Elemente der deskriptiven Psychologie”, Conceptus, 21 (1987), 33–48, editors’ introduction to extracts from Marty’s lectures (ibid., 49–66).
External links
- Publications by and about Anton Marty in the catalogue Helveticat of the Swiss National Library