Australian Red Cross

Australian Red Cross, formally Australian Red Cross Society, is a humanitarian aid and community services charity in Australia. Tracing its history back to 1923 and being incorporated by royal charter in 1941, Australian Red Cross Society is the national member of the Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and part of the International Red Cross Movement. Australian Red Cross is guided by the Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and as such is a non-religious, neutral, impartial and independent humanitarian organisation.

Australian Red Cross Society
FormationJune 28, 1941 (1941-06-28)
TypeNon-governmental organisation
Registration no.50169561394
Legal statusIncorporated by royal charter[1]
PurposeHumanitarian aid
HeadquartersMelbourne, Victoria
Region
Australia
Services
Kym Pfitzner
President
Ross Pinney
Patron
David Hurley
SubsidiariesAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood
AffiliationsInternational Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
Budget (2019–20)
Increase A$1.135 billion[2]
Expenses (2019–20)Increase A$1.029 billion[2]
Websiteredcross.org.au
Formerly called
British Red Cross Australian Branch
The Australian postage stamp (1954) commemorated for Australian Red Cross Society

Australian Red Cross provides a range of services and programmes including international aid across the Asia-Pacific region, international humanitarian law advocacy, migration support, emergency management, blood donation via Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, and community services for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, youth, families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities.

David Hurley, governor-general of Australia, is the patron of Australian Red Cross and a non-voting member of the Council of the Society of Australian Red Cross. The Council is the peak governance decision-making body and is made up of the Red Cross Board, up to six special councillors, and 32 members appointed by Divisional Advisory Boards.[3][4]

History

A branch of British Red Cross was established in Australia in 1914, nine days after the start of World War I, by Lady Helen Munro Ferguson. British Red Cross Australian Branch changed its name to Australian Red Cross Society and was incorporated by royal charter on 28 June 1941.

Australia Hall in Pembroke, Malta, which was built in 1915 by the Australian Branch of British Red Cross Society as an entertainment hall for soldiers from the British Empire

The organisation grew at a rapid rate. Lady Helen wrote to the mayors of every shire and municipality in Australia asking them to initiate a local branch. Typically, a letter was published in the local newspaper and a meeting called. By November 1914, New South Wales had 88 city or suburban branches and 249 country branches, all established within the previous four months. The Society was accepted by the community from the beginning. Much of the World War I home front activities such as knitting socks and rolling bandages were done by local Red Cross branches. The Red Cross Information Bureau was established in 1915 in order to coordinate information gathered on the dead and their burial beyond what was provided by the armed forces. The Red Cross Wounded and Missing files were extensive with searchers sometimes sent overseas to clarify information, make better judgements and resolve conflicting accounts.[5] In 1916 Australian Red Cross Society sent a team of 21 civilian nurses to France; these nurses were dubbed the "Bluebirds" in reference to the colours of their specially-designed uniforms.[6]

During World War II, Red Cross provided assistance to the sick, wounded, maimed and their dependents.[7] By agreement with the federal government they provided hostel accommodation to those with no living relatives or friends to support them upon returning home from war.[8] At the time the majority of the volunteers were unemployed married women. High rates of membership in the organisation were attributed to their annual, national, recruitment drive.[7] Membership grew from 260,000 in 1941 to 450,000 in 1944. Australian Red Cross proved to be an important link between the public and Japanese prisoners of war.[7]

From the establishment of the Repatriation Commission Outpatient Clinic at 310 St Kilda Rd, Southbank, in 1937, Red Cross maintained the canteen staffed by up to 25 volunteers. The canteen provided tea, coffee, biscuits and company for between 200 and 250 veterans each day waiting their appointments.

In 2005, the organisation made an agreement with the Maldives Government to help clear debris created by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.[9] In December 2010, aid workers from Australian Red Cross were sent to Christmas Island to assist the survivors of the 2010 Christmas Island boat disaster.[10] Australian Red Cross volunteers were also active after Cyclone Tracy hit Darwin, the Ash Wednesday bushfires, the Black Saturday bushfires and the 2010–11 Queensland floods.

In 2013, Australian Red Cross was a recipient of the Queensland Greats Awards.[11]

Volunteers

All Australian Red Cross programs are primarily run, organised, and managed by volunteers with oversight from Red Cross employees. Volunteers are organised into three different groups, responding to different needs:[12]

  • community volunteering - support for homelessness, mental health, migration, youth, family, elderly, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and people in the justice system support.[13]
  • emergency services - urgent-response programs, such as psychological first aid for those in evacuation centres, door-to-door support following a flood or bushfire, or registering missing persons after disasters on their Register.Find.Reunite platform.[14][15]
  • retail, customer service, and administration - volunteering at Australian Red Cross Shops (which help fund services), the Melbourne Supporter Services Centre, or in organisational positions like human resources, finance, or legal.[16]

Red Cross statistics show that 2.5 million people have, in some form, volunteered with Australian Red Cross since its inception.[17]

Priorities

The eight priority areas of Red Cross[18] are:

  • Strengthening national emergency preparedness, response and recovery
  • Increasing international aid and development
  • Strengthening communities in areas of locational disadvantage
  • Championing international humanitarian law ("the laws of war")
  • Addressing the impact of migration
  • Partnering with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
  • Overcoming social exclusion by providing bridges back into the community
  • Provide a safe, secure supply of blood and blood products - through Australian Red Cross Lifeblood

See also

References
  1. "Australian Red Cross royal charter of incorporation" (PDF). Australian Red Cross. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  2. "Australian Red Cross Society". Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission. 18 December 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  3. "Our people". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  4. "Council". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  5. Jalland, Patricia (2006). Changing Ways of Death in Twentieth Century Australia: War, Medicine and the Funeral Business. UNSW Pres. p. 64. ISBN 9780868409054. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  6. Hetherington, Les (January 2009). "The Bluebirds in France". Wartime. 45: 58–60.
  7. Oppenheimer, Melanie (2008). Volunteering: Why We Can't Survive Without it. UNSW Press. pp. 43–47. ISBN 978-1742240435. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  8. Twomey, Christina (2007). Australia's Forgotten Prisoners: Civilians Interned by the Japanese in World War Two. Cambridge University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0521612890. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  9. Mark Colvin (17 May 2005). "Australian Red Cross to clean up Maldives". PM. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  10. Phillips, Brenda D.; David M. Neal; Gary R. Webb (2011). Introduction to Emergency Management. CRC Press. p. 408. ISBN 978-1439830703. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  11. "2013 Queensland Greats recipients". Queensland Government. Archived from the original on 31 May 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  12. "Volunteer with Red Cross". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  13. "Volunteer to help others". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  14. "Volunteer in Emergency Services". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  15. "Register.Find.Reunite". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  16. "Volunteer in retail, customer service or administration". Australian Red Cross. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  17. "An active humanitarian movement". Australian Red Cross Annual Report 2018–19. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  18. "Annual report 2020-21". www.redcross.org.au. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
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