Bahr el Ghazal River
The Bahr el Ghazal (Arabic: بحر الغزال, lit. 'sea of gazelles'; also spelled Bahr al Ghazal and Baḩr al Ghazāl) is a river in South Sudan. The South Sudanese region of Bahr el Ghazal takes its name from the river.
| Bahr el Ghazal | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | South Sudan |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Sudd swamps |
| 2nd source | Jur River |
| • location | Ibba, Western Equatoria |
| • coordinates | 4°22′12″N 29°15′25″E |
| • elevation | c. 428 m (1,404 ft) above sea level |
| Mouth | White Nile |
• location | Pariang, Ruweng |
• coordinates | 9°31′N 30°25′E |
• elevation | 396 m (1,299 ft) |
| Length | 716 km (445 mi) |
| Basin size | 851,459 km2 (328,750 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 48 m3/s (1,700 cu ft/s) |
The Bahr el Ghazal is the main western tributary of the Nile. It is 716 kilometres (445 mi) long, flowing through the Sudd wetlands to Lake No, where it joins the White Nile.[1]
Hydrology
The Bahr al Ghazal's drainage basin is the largest of any of the Nile's sub-basins, measuring 520,000 km2 (200,800 mi2) in size, but it contributes a relatively small amount of water, about 2 m³/s (70 ft³/s) annually, due to tremendous volumes of water being lost in the Sudd wetlands.[2] Seasonally, the river's discharge ranges from nothing to 48 m³/s (1,700 ft³/s).[1]
According to some sources, the river is formed by the confluence of the Jur River and Bahr al-Arab rivers.[1] However other more recent sources say the river rises in the Sudd wetlands with no definitive source, that the Jur River joins at Lake Ambadi, and the Bahr al-Arab joins below that.[3] The river's drainage basin, including its tributaries, is 851,459 square kilometres (328,750 sq mi) and reaches west to the border of the Central African Republic and northwest to the Darfur region.
History
The river was first mapped in 1772 by French geographer Jean-Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, although it was vaguely known to early Greek geographers.
See also
References
- "Bahr al-Ghazal". Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2008-01-21.
- Shahin, Mamdouh (2002). Hydrology and Water Resources of Africa. Springer. pp. 276, 287–288. ISBN 1-4020-0866-X.; online at Google Books
- Shahin, Mamdouh (2002). Hydrology and Water Resources of Africa. Springer. p. 276. ISBN 1-4020-0866-X.; online at Google Books
External links
- Garstin, William Edmund; Cana, Frank Richardson (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). pp. 212–213.
- Bahr-el-Ghazal, The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
- Baḩr al Ghazāl Archived 2008-03-09 at the Wayback Machine, GEOnet Names Server