Barkam
Barkam or Markang or Muerkvua is a county-level city in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, in the northwest of Sichuan province, China. The city seat is the town of Barkam.
Barkam
马尔康市 · འབར་ཁམས་གྲོང་ཁྱེར། · Muerkvua shi Ma'erkang | |
|---|---|
 Overview of the city of Barkam | |
.png.webp) Barkam City (red) in Ngawa Prefecture (yellow) and Sichuan | |
  Barkam Location of the seat in Sichuan  Barkam Barkam (China) | |
| Coordinates (Barkam municipal government): 31°54′21″N 102°12′23″E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Sichuan |
| Autonomous prefecture | Ngawa |
| Seat | Barkam Town |
| Area | |
| • Total | 6,639 km2 (2,563 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,615 m (8,579 ft) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 58,390 |
| • Density | 8.8/km2 (23/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 624000 |
| Area code | 0837 |
| Website | www |
| Barkam | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 马尔康 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 馬爾康 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | འབར་ཁམས། | ||||||
| |||||||
| Qiang name | |||||||
| Qiang | Muerkvua | ||||||
Administrative divisions
Barkam has four towns and 10 townships:[2]
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Tibetan | Wylie | Qiang | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Towns | |||||||
| Barkam Town (Mar'erkang) |
马尔康镇 | Mǎ'ěrkāng Zhèn | འབར་ཁམས་གྲོང་རྡལ། | vbar khams grong rdal | Bbadh kangw seqea | 513201100 | |
| Zonggag Town (Songgang) |
松岗镇 | Sōnggǎng Zhèn | རྫོང་འགག་གྲོང་རྡལ། | rdzong vgag grong rdal | 513201102 | ||
| Sarzong Town (Sha'erzong) |
沙尔宗镇 | Shā'ěrzōng Zhèn | གསར་རྫོང་གྲོང་རྡལ། | gsar rdzong grong rdal | 513201103 | ||
| Townships | |||||||
| Somang Township (Suomo) |
梭磨乡 | Suōmó Xiāng | སོ་མང་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | so mang yul tsho | 513201200 | ||
| Chagpar Township (Baiwan) |
白湾乡 | Báiwān Xiāng | བྲག་བར་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | brag bar yul tsho | 513201201 | ||
| Tamba Township (Dangba) |
党坝乡 | Dǎngbà Xiāng | དམ་པ་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | dam pa yul tsho | 513201202 | ||
| Zhongzong Township (Mu'erzong) |
木尔宗乡 | Dǎngbà Xiāng | འབྲོང་རྫོང་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | vbrong rdzong yul tsho | 513201203 | ||
| Gyomgyo Township (Jiaomuzu, Jomzhu) |
脚木足乡 | Jiǎomùzú Xiāng | ཀྱོམ་ཀྱོ་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | kyom kyo yul tsho | 513201204 | ||
| Donggyai Township (Long'erjia) |
龙尔甲乡 | Lóng'ěrjiǎ Xiāng | གདོང་བརྒྱད་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | gdong brgyad yul tsho | 513201206 | ||
| Tacang Township (Dazang) |
大藏乡 | Dàzàng Xiāng | ད་ཚང་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | da tshang yul tsho | 513201207 | ||
| Kangsar Township (Kangshan) |
康山乡 | Kāngshān Xiāng | ཁང་སར་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | khang sar yul tsho | 513201208 | ||
| Codün Township (Caodeng) |
草登乡 | Cǎodēng Xiāng | ཚོ་བདུན་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | tsho bdun yul tsho | 513201209 | ||
| Zongbur Township (Ribu) |
日部乡 | Rìbù Xiāng | རྫོང་འབུར་ཡུལ་ཚོ། | rdzong vbur yul tsho | 513201210 | ||
Transport
Climate
Due to its elevation, Barkam lies in the transition between a subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb) and humid continental climate (Köppen Dwb), with strong monsoonal influences; winters are frosty and summers warm with frequent rain. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −0.5 °C (31.1 °F) in December and January to 16.4 °C (61.5 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 8.75 °C (47.7 °F). Nearly two-thirds of the annual precipitation of 784 mm (30.9 in) occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 36% in June to 65% in December, the town receives 2,133 hours of bright sunshine annually. Diurnal temperature variation is large, averaging 16.0 °C (28.8 °F) annually.
| Climate data for Barkam (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.8 (80.2) |
31.3 (88.3) |
34.7 (94.5) |
35.7 (96.3) |
35.5 (95.9) |
36.3 (97.3) |
32.4 (90.3) |
30.6 (87.1) |
23.3 (73.9) |
19.3 (66.7) |
36.3 (97.3) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 11.1 (52.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
23.9 (75.0) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
23.1 (73.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
15.3 (59.5) |
11.0 (51.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
16.6 (61.9) |
16.3 (61.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
9.0 (48.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −7.3 (18.9) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
3.2 (37.8) |
6.6 (43.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
11.3 (52.3) |
10.9 (51.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
2.9 (37.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −16.0 (3.2) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
0.1 (32.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.3 (0.13) |
7.8 (0.31) |
27.4 (1.08) |
57.4 (2.26) |
115.6 (4.55) |
164.4 (6.47) |
130.0 (5.12) |
105.2 (4.14) |
122.2 (4.81) |
78.1 (3.07) |
11.5 (0.45) |
3.1 (0.12) |
826 (32.51) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.5 | 5.6 | 10.5 | 14.9 | 20.5 | 22.7 | 19.6 | 17.7 | 18.9 | 16.3 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 156.8 |
| Average snowy days | 4.1 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 26.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 45 | 44 | 50 | 56 | 65 | 74 | 75 | 74 | 77 | 74 | 59 | 50 | 62 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 196.8 | 175.6 | 184.1 | 185.1 | 181.6 | 147.5 | 167.8 | 173.6 | 155.9 | 156.0 | 186.7 | 200.7 | 2,111.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 61 | 56 | 49 | 47 | 42 | 35 | 39 | 43 | 43 | 45 | 60 | 64 | 49 |
| Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China[5] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
The city had a population of 54,735 in 1999.[6] The area is traditionally inhabited by a branch of Rgyalrong people who speak the Situ language.[7]
Notes
- "阿坝州第七次全国人口普查公报第二号——县（市）人口情况" (in Chinese). Government of Ngawa Prefecture. 2021-06-11.
- (in Chinese) National Bureau of Statistics - Barkam City.
- 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
- 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
- 马尔康 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
- National Population Statistics Materials by County and City - 1999 Period, in China County & City Population 1999, Harvard China Historical GIS
- "Rgyalrong Culture" 嘉绒人文. Ma'erkang City Government website. Archived from the original on 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2019-09-19.
External links
- (in Chinese) Maerkang County Government site Archived 2019-12-25 at the Wayback Machine - Google translation
- (in Chinese) Maerkang - bashu.net - Google translation
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