Battle of Maciejowice

The Battle of Maciejowice was fought on 10 October 1794, between Poland and the Russian Empire.

Battle of Maciejowice
Part of the Kościuszko Uprising
Date10 October 1794
Location
Maciejowice
Result Russian victory
Belligerents
Poland Russia Russian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Tadeusz Kościuszko (POW) Russia Ivan Fersen
Russia Fyodor Denisov
Strength
7,000[1]: 194  14,000[1]: 194 
Casualties and losses
4,000[1]: 208 
A memorial of the battle near Podzamcze

The Poles were led by Tadeusz Kościuszko. Kościuszko with 6,200 men, who planned to prevent the linking of three larger Russian corps, commanded by generals Fyodor Denisov, Iwan Fersen and Alexander Suvorov. He also had requested the support of Adam Poniński (who had 4,000 soldiers), but Poniński failed to arrive on the battlefield in time.[1]: 205 

Battle

Kosciuszko had spent the night in an abandoned manor house of the Zamoyskis with his army in the field in front flanked by woods, and a river behind the house.[1]: 206  Denisov and then Fersen attacked the next morning, and the Poles burned the village on their left flank to prevent it being used as cover.[1]: 207  Initially, the Russian advance was slowed by the mud, but after three hours the Poles ran out of ammunition for their cannons.[1]: 207  The Russian infantry then made a bayonet charge and slaughtered the Poles for the next three hours.[1]: 208 

After three horses were shot from under him, Kosciuszko finally tried leaving the battlefield, but his horse tripped.[1]: 208  A Cossack stabbed him with a pike from behind, followed by a second Cossack who stabbed him in the left hip.[1]: 208  Attempting to take his own life, Kosciuszko found his pistol empty, and then passed out in the mud, but was not identified as the Polish commanding general.[1]: 208  He was stripped by two unknown horsemen, but then saved and carried away from the battlefield by Denisov's Cossacks and later taken prisoner.[1]: 208 

Aftermath

Kosciuszko was taken to St. Petersburg by General Alexei Khrushchev and two thousand Russian soldiers.[1]: 210  The news of the fall of Warsaw reached him on 17 November.[1]: 211 

The Battle of Maciejowice is commemorated on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, with the inscription "MACIEJOWICE 10 X 1794”.

References
  1. Storozynski, A., 2009, The Peasant Prince, New York: St. Martin's Press, ISBN 9780312388027

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