Bellevalia

Bellevalia is a genus of plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae.[3] It was first described as a genus in 1808.[4][5]

Wild Bellevalia in Behbahan, Iran
Wild Bellevalia in Behbahan

Bellevalia
Bellevalia nivalis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Asparagaceae
Subfamily: Scilloideae
Genus: Bellevalia
Lapeyr. 1808, conserved name, not Scop. 1777 (Verbenaceae) nor Delile Endl. 1836 (Potamogetonaceae)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Strangweja Bertol.
  • Borboya Raf.
  • Foxia Parl.
  • Amphibolis Schott & Kotschy in C.G.T.Kotschy. 1858, illegitimate homonym, not C. Agardh 1822
  • Busbequia Salisb.
  • Rytidolobus Dulac

The approximately 65 species are found from the Mediterranean: Turkey (about 12 species) and Israel (12 species), to central Asia: Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan (two species).

Description

Bellevalia species are perennial herbaceous plants. As geophytes, they form bulbs with a membranous sheath ("tunic"). The simple, parallel-veined leaves are basal. Grape-like inflorescences grow terminally on smooth cylindrical flower stems. The numerous flowers are located in the axils of small, membranous bracts. The hermaphroditic flowers are triple. The six identically shaped bracts are one-third to one-half their length and deformed tubular, bell-shaped or funnel-shaped in form. The color of the bracts ranges from white to cream to brown or more rarely from blue to purple. The fruit capsule is triangular in cross section with winged edges. The seeds are more or less spherical, rarely elongated and glossy.

Taxonomy
Wild Bellevalia in Behbahan II
Wild Bellevalia in Behbahan

The genus Bellevalia was first described in 1808 by Philippe-Isidore Picot de Lapeyrouse.[6] The genus name honors the French botanist Pierre Richer de Belleval (1564-1632).[7] A synonym for Bellevalia is Strangweja Bertol. The homonym genus Bellevalia Roem. & Schult. is a synonym of the genus Richeria Vahl from the family Phyllanthaceae.

Some species formerly belonged to the genus Hyacinthus. The genus Bellevalia is placed in the tribe Hyacintheae in the subfamily Scilloideae within the family Asparagaceae.

Species

According to the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families,[2] there are 65 Bellevalia species:

  1. Bellevalia anatolica B.Mathew & Özhatay
  2. Bellevalia assadii Wendelbo
  3. Bellevalia aucheri (Baker) Losinsk.
  4. Bellevalia brevipedicellata Turrill
  5. Bellevalia ciliata (Cirillo) T.Nees
  6. Bellevalia clusiana Griseb.
  7. Bellevalia crassa Wendelbo
  8. Bellevalia cyanopoda Wendelbo
  9. Bellevalia cyrenaica Maire & Weiller
  10. Bellevalia decolorans Bornm.
  11. Bellevalia densiflora Boiss.
  12. Bellevalia desertorum Eig & Feinbrun
  13. Bellevalia dolichophylla Brullo & Miniss.
  14. Bellevalia douinii Pabot & Mouterde
  15. Bellevalia dubia (Guss.) Schult. & Schult.f.
  16. Bellevalia edirnensis Özhatay & B.Mathew
  17. Bellevalia eigii Feinbrun
  18. Bellevalia feinbruniae Freitag & Wendelbo
  19. Bellevalia flexuosa Boiss.
  20. Bellevalia fominii Woronow
  21. Bellevalia galitensis Bocchieri & Mossa
  22. Bellevalia glauca (Lindl.) Kunth
  23. Bellevalia gracilis Feinbrun
  24. Bellevalia hermonis Mouterde
  25. Bellevalia heweri Wendelbo
  26. Bellevalia hyacinthoides (Bertol.) K.Perss. & Wendelbo
  27. Bellevalia koeiei Rech.f.
  28. Bellevalia kurdistanica Feinbrun
  29. Bellevalia leucantha K.Perss.
  30. Bellevalia lipskyi (Miscz.) Wulff.
  31. Bellevalia longipes Post
  32. Bellevalia longistyla (Miscz.) Grossh.
  33. Bellevalia macrobotrys Boiss.
  34. Bellevalia mathewii Özhatay & Koçak
  35. Bellevalia mauritanica Pomel
  36. Bellevalia modesta Wendelbo
  37. Bellevalia montana (K.Koch) Boiss., syns Bellevalia albana Woronow, Bellevalia makuensis Woronow ex Grossh., Bellevalia wilhelmsii (Steven) Woronow
  38. Bellevalia mosheovii Feinbrun
  39. Bellevalia multicolor Wendelbo
  40. Bellevalia nivalis Boiss. & Kotschy
  41. Bellevalia olivieri (Baker) Wendelbo, syn. Bellevalia latifolia Feinbrun
  42. Bellevalia palmyrensis Feinbrun
  43. Bellevalia paradoxa (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss., syn. Bellevalia pycnantha (K.Koch) Losinsk.
  44. Bellevalia parva Wendelbo
  45. Bellevalia pelagica C.Brullo, Brullo & Pasta
  46. Bellevalia rixii Wendelbo
  47. Bellevalia romana (L.) Sweet
  48. Bellevalia salah-eidii Täckh. & Boulos
  49. Bellevalia saviczii Woronow
  50. Bellevalia sessiliflora (Viv.) Kunth
  51. Bellevalia shiraziana Parsa
  52. Bellevalia sitiaca Kypriotakis & Tzanoud.
  53. Bellevalia speciosa Woronow ex Grossh., syn. Bellevalia sarmatica (Pall. ex Georgi) Woronow
  54. Bellevalia spicata (Raf.) Boiss.
  55. Bellevalia stepporum Feinbrun
  56. Bellevalia tabriziana Turrill
  57. Bellevalia tauri Feinbrun
  58. Bellevalia trifoliata (Ten.) Kunth
  59. Bellevalia tristis Bornm.
  60. Bellevalia turkestanica Franch., syn. Bellevalia atroviolacea Regel
  61. Bellevalia validicarpa Ponert
  62. Bellevalia warburgii Feinbrun
  63. Bellevalia webbiana Parl.
  64. Bellevalia wendelboi Maassoumi & Jafari
  65. Bellevalia zoharyi Feinbrun
Species formerly included[2]

moved to Alrawia Althenia Hyacinthella Leopoldia Muscari Pseudomuscari

  1. B. aleppica - Hyacinthella nervosa
  2. B. aperta - Muscari armeniacum
  3. B. atchleyi - Hyacinthella leucophaea subsp. atchleyi
  4. B. australis - Althenia filiformis var. barrandonii
  5. B. azurea - Pseudomuscari azureum
  6. B. bellii - Alrawia bellii
  7. B. bouriana - Leopoldia comosa
  8. B. calandriniana - Leopoldia comosa
  9. B. caucasica - Leopoldia caucasica
  10. B. coelestis - Pseudomuscari coeleste
  11. B. coerulea - Pseudomuscari coeruleum
  12. B. comosa - Leopoldia comosa
  13. B. cupaniana - Leopoldia gussonei
  14. B. dalmatica - Hyacinthella dalmatica
  15. B. dichroa - Alrawia bellii
  16. B. fontanesii - Leopoldia maritima
  17. B. forniculata - Pseudomuscari forniculatum
  18. B. fuliginosa - Muscari fuliginosum
  19. B. graeca - Leopoldia comosa
  20. B. graminifolia - Leopoldia comosa
  21. B. haynei - Hyacinthella nervosa
  22. B. heldreichii - Hyacinthella heldreichii
  23. B. hispida - Hyacinthella hispida
  24. B. holzmannii - Leopoldia comosa
  25. B. leucophaea - Hyacinthella leucophaea
  26. B. lineata - Hyacinthella lineata
  27. B. longipes (Boiss.) Bornm. 1939 not Post 1895 - Leopoldia longipes
  28. B. maritima - Hyacinthella maritima
  29. B. maritima subsp. weissii - Leopoldia weissii
  30. B. micrantha - Hyacinthella micrantha
  31. B. millingenii - Hyacinthella millingenii
  32. B. monophylla - Muscari latifolium
  33. B. muscarioides - Muscari latifolium
  34. B. nervosa - Hyacinthella nervosa
  35. B. oxycarpa - Alrawia bellii
  36. B. pallens - Pseudomuscari pallens
  37. B. persica - Hyacinthella persica
  38. B. pharmacusana - Leopoldia comosa
  39. B. pinardii - Leopoldia comosa
  40. B. pseudomuscari - Pseudomuscari chalusicum
  41. B. sartoriana - Leopoldia comosa
  42. B. tenuiflora - Leopoldia tenuiflora
  43. B. tenuiflora subsp. constricta - Leopoldia comosa
  44. B. theraea - Leopoldia weissii
  45. B. turkewiczii - Pseudomuscari coeleste
  46. B. weissii - Leopoldia weissii

References
  1. Tropicos, search for name Bellevalia
  2. R. Govaerts, B. J. M. Zonneveld, S. A. Zona: World checklist of Asparagaceae. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Search on Bellevalia Access date 8 July 2014
  3. Stevens, P.F., Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Scilloideae
  4. Lapeyrouse, Philippe Picot de. 1808. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire Naturelle et des Arts 67: 425-427 in French
  5. Tropicos, Bellevalia Lapeyr.
  6. Philippe-Isidore Picot de Lapeyrouse: Bellevalia. Nouveau genre de plante de la famille des Liliacées. In: Journal de Physique, de Chimie et d'Histoire Naturelle. Band 67, Nr. 12, 1808, p. 425–427
  7. Sandro Pignatti (Hrsg.): Flora d'Italia. Vol. 1–3, Edagricole, Bologna 1982 (Nachdruck 2002), ISBN 88-506-2449-2, S. 374 (Band 3).

Bibliography
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