Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War

Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War
Date	1498[1]
Location	North Bengal and Western Assam
Result	Bengal Sultanate victory Overthrow of the Khen dynasty; Kamata occupied by Bengal Sultanate for a few years in the early 16th century;
Belligerents
Bengal Sultanate	Kamata Kingdom
Commanders and leaders
Hussain Shah; Shah Ismail Ghazi; Shahzada Danyal; Musundar Ghazi	Nilambar
Strength
24000	20000 - 25000
Casualties and losses
400 killed 1700 wounded	15000 killed 4000 several captured
	Bengal Sultanate take over the khen Dynasty

The Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War was a late 15th century conflict between the Kamata Kingdom and the Bengal Sultanate.[2] As a result of the conflict the Khen dynasty was overthrown and the Bengal Sultanate extended its domain up to the Hajo in what is present day western Assam by 1502. Nevertheless, the Sultanate administration was removed in about ten years by the Assamese Bhuyans led by Harup Narayan.[3]

Invasion

The conquest was instigated by Sachipatra, a Brahmin whose son was executed by King Nilambar for his promiscuity with the queen.[4] In 1498, Sultan Alauddin Husain Shah responded to Sachipatra's plea, and dispatched military general Shah Ismail Ghazi with 24,000 soldiers, cavalry and a war flotilla to conquer Kamata.[5] Ghazi's forces besieged the Kamatapur fort and destroyed the city. Hussain Shah imprisoned Nilambar of Kamata and ended the reign of the Khen dynasty.[6] Though Kamatapur fell in 1498, Hussain Shah was able to annex up to Hajo not before 1502.[7][8]

Aftermath

The region was brought under the administration of Sultanate governors in Hajo. Hussain Shah minted coins with the proclamation "conqueror of Kāmrū, Kamata, Jajnagar and Urisa".[9][10] He also publicly inscribed the victory at a stone in Malda.[11] The Sultan appointed his son, Shahzada Danyal,[12] as the governor of the newly conquered region; that reached up to Hajo and intended to expand to Central Assam. Daniyal later fell to the Assamese Bhuyans within Hussein Shah's lifetime and his rule ended.

Notes

"Kamata-Kamatapura - Banglapedia".
Manilal Bose (1989). Social History of Assam: Being a Study of the Origins of Ethnic Identity and Social Tension During the British Period, 1905-1947. Concept Publishing Company. p. 38. ISBN 978-81-7022-224-8.
"But the rule of the Muslims was short. The Bhuyans made a united attack on Daniel's garrison and destroyed it to the last man."(Baruah 1986:181)
Nath, D. (1989). History of the Koch Kingdom, C. 1515-1615. Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 70. ISBN 8170991099.
Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Delhi Sultanate, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.215-20
Sarkar (1992, p. 46)
"Husain Shah - Banglapedia".
"The annexation of the Khen Kingdom up to Hajo was, however, not completed before Ramzan 907/10 March 1502..." (Sarkar 1992:47)
Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. p. 21. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2. Alāuddin Husen Shah (1493-1518 A.D.), described himself as the conqueror of Kamru (i.e Kamarupa) and Kamta and of Urisa (Orissa) and Jajanagar on his issues
Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012). "Kamata-Kamatapura". Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2.
Desai, Ziyaud-Din A. (2003). Purā-prakāśa: Recent Researches in Epigraphy, Numismatics, Manuscriptology, Persian Literature, Art, Architecture, Archaeology, History and Conservation : Dr. Z.A. Desai Commemoration Volume. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. p. 244. ISBN 978-81-8090-007-5.

References

Baruah, S L (1986), A Comprehensive History of Assam, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Sarkar, J. N. (1992), "Chapter II The Turko-Afghan Invasions", in Barpujari, H. K. (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. 2, Guwahati: Assam Publication Board, pp. 35–48

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[1] "Kamata-Kamatapura - Banglapedia".

[Bose1989-2] Manilal Bose (1989). Social History of Assam: Being a Study of the Origins of Ethnic Identity and Social Tension During the British Period, 1905-1947. Concept Publishing Company. p. 38. ISBN 978-81-7022-224-8.

[baruah-daniel-3] "But the rule of the Muslims was short. The Bhuyans made a united attack on Daniel's garrison and destroyed it to the last man."(Baruah 1986:181)

[nath-4] Nath, D. (1989). History of the Koch Kingdom, C. 1515-1615. Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 70. ISBN 8170991099.

[r1-5] Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Delhi Sultanate, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.215-20

[sarkar-6] Sarkar (1992, p. 46)

[7] "Husain Shah - Banglapedia".

[8] "The annexation of the Khen Kingdom up to Hajo was, however, not completed before Ramzan 907/10 March 1502..." (Sarkar 1992:47)

[9] Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. p. 21. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2. Alāuddin Husen Shah (1493-1518 A.D.), described himself as the conqueror of Kamru (i.e Kamarupa) and Kamta and of Urisa (Orissa) and Jajanagar on his issues

[10] Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012). "Kamata-Kamatapura". Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 25 October 2023.

[11] Sircar, D. C. (2008). Studies in Indian Coins. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. ISBN 978-81-208-2973-2.

[12] Desai, Ziyaud-Din A. (2003). Purā-prakāśa: Recent Researches in Epigraphy, Numismatics, Manuscriptology, Persian Literature, Art, Architecture, Archaeology, History and Conservation : Dr. Z.A. Desai Commemoration Volume. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. p. 244. ISBN 978-81-8090-007-5.