Benson Lock

Benson Lock is a lock on the River Thames in England, close to Benson, Oxfordshire but on the opposite bank of the river. The first pound lock here was built by the Thames Navigation Commission in 1788 and it was replaced by the present masonry lock in 1870. The distance between Benson Lock and Cleeve Lock downstream is 6.5 miles (10.4 km) - the longest distance between locks on the River Thames.[2]

Benson Lock
The keeper's house and lock at Benson Lock
WaterwayRiver Thames
CountyOxfordshire
Maintained byEnvironment Agency
OperationHydraulic
First built1788
Latest built1870
Length40.56 m (133 ft 1 in) [1]
Width5.46 m (17 ft 11 in)[1]
Fall1.87 m (6 ft 2 in)[1]
Above sea level144'
Distance to
Teddington Lock		72 miles
Benson Lock
 River Thames
Day's Lock
Little Wittenham Bridge
Dorchester bridge
 River Thame --
-- (navigable by small boats)
 Shillingford Bridge
Benson Lock
 weir
 Old mill
River Thames

The weir runs from the lock island level with the lock across to the Benson side. There is a footbridge over the weir which replaced the ferry which operated here previously. The Thames Path crosses the river here.

History
Walkway across Benson Weir (river in full spate)

The history of the weir can be traced back into the late 14th century when there was a mill at "Bensington". The mill island and stream are on the Benson side downstream of the lock although the mill itself is long gone. There was also a flash lock, although the first definite reference to this is in 1746. The pound lock was built of oak in 1788 and it is noted that, uniquely for this lock, "Low Country men" were employed at a higher than average wage. Thacker conjectures that these were Dutch specialists. The lock was rebuilt of masonry in 1870. Originally the lock was attended (or not - according to some accounts) by the miller, but there is reference to a (deserted) lock house in 1865.[3] The present lock keeper's house dates from 1913.

Access to and across the lock

The lock is a short distance from the village of Benson and can be reached across the weir.

Reach above the lock
Winter view of the river upstream from Shillingford

About halfway along the reach, the river passes through Shillingford and under Shillingford Bridge, which is built of limestone ashlar masonry with some brick. The central section over the river consists of three segmental arches, and there is a long causeway to the north with nine additional arches. The structure is grade II listed.[4] For a great part of the way the two round topped hills of the Wittenham Clumps are in view. After Shillingford the River Thame enters the river from the direction of Dorchester which is a short way to the north. The Thame is navigable by small boats as far as Dorchester Bridge, on the south-east edge of Dorchester.[5]

The Thames Path, which crosses the river at the lock, follows a road in Benson and rejoins the river, running along the northern/eastern bank to Shillingford. At Shillingford the path follows a diversion through the town, rejoining the river outside the town. It continues on the northern bank, over the River Thame to Little Wittenham Bridge where it crosses just before Day's Lock.[5]

See also

Bibliography
  • Cumberlidge, Jane (2009). Inland Waterways of Great Britain (8th Ed.). Imray Laurie Norie and Wilson. ISBN 978-1-84623-010-3.
  • Nicholson (2006). Nicholson Guides Vol 7: River Thames and the southern waterways. Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-00-721115-9.

References
  1. "Environment Agency Dimensions of locks on the River Thames". web page. Environmental Agency. 8 November 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2012. Dimensions given in metres
  2. Cumberlidge 2009, pp. 290–291, 300
  3. Fred. S. Thacker The Thames Highway: Volume II Locks and Weirs 1920 - republished 1968 David & Charles
  4. Historic England. "Shillingford Bridge (1059632)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  5. Nicholson 2006, pp. 124–125
  6. "Environment Agency Distances between locks on the River Thames". web page. Environmental Agency. 19 November 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012. Distances given in km

51.61631°N 1.11748°W / 51.61631; -1.11748

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