Bhaskara (satellite)

Bhaskara-I and II were two satellites built by the Indian Space Research Organisation that formed India's first low-Earth orbit Earth observation satellite. They collected data oceanography and hydrology. Both satellites are named after ancient Indian mathematicians Bhāskara I and Bhāskara II.[2]

Bhaskara I
Mission typeExperimental Remote Sensing
Earth Obsservation Satellite
Mission duration10 years (Re-Entered in 1989)[1]
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeUnmanned
ManufacturerIndia ISRO
Launch mass444 kilograms (979 lb)
Power47 watts
Start of mission
Launch date7 June 1979 (1979-06-07Z) IST
RocketC-1 Intercosmos Launch Vehicle
Launch siteKapustin Yar
 

Bhaskara-I

Bhaskara-I, weighing 444 kg at launch, was launched on 7 June 1979 from Kapustin Yar aboard the Intercosmos launch vehicle. It was placed in an orbital Perigee and Apogee of 394 km and 399 km at an inclination of 50.7°.[3] The satellite consisted of-

  • Two television cameras operating in visible (600 nanometre) and near-infrared (800 nanometre) and collected data related to hydrology, forestry and geology.
  • Satellite microwave radiometer (SAMIR) operating at 19 and 22 GHz for study of ocean-state, water vapour, liquid water content in the atmosphere, etc.
  • An X-ray sky monitor operating in 2-10 keV energy range, to detect transient X-ray sources and monitor long term spectral and intensity changes in the X-ray sources.
Bhaskara-II
Mission typeExperimental Remote Sensing
Earth Observation Satellite
Mission duration10 years (Re-Entered in 1991)[4]
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeUnmanned
ManufacturerISRO
Launch mass444 kilograms (979 lb)
Power47 watts
Start of mission
Launch date20 November 1981 (1981-11-20Z) IST
RocketC-1 Intercosmos Launch Vehicle
Launch siteVolgograd Launch Station
it is an 2th satillite of ISRO india
 

Bhaskara-II

The satellite provided ocean and land surface data. It orbited at 541 × 557 km with an inclination of 50.7°.

One of two onboard cameras malfunctioned, however it sent back more than two thousand images. Housekeeping telemetry was received until re-entry in 1991.[5]

1984 USSR stamp featuring Bhaskara-I, Bhaskara-II and Aryabhata satellites

See also

References
  1. "Bhaskara-I : ISRO". Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  2. Bhaskara NASA 16 September 2017
  3. Bharat-rakshak.com Indian satellite systems Archived 16 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "Bhaskara-II : ISRO". Archived from the original on 12 July 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
  5. "Earth Observation Satellite". Archived from the original on 21 January 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2013.

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