Bleu du Maine

The Bleu du Maine is a French breed of domestic sheep. It originated in the historic region of Maine, and is distributed mainly in the départements of Maine-et-Loire, the Mayenne and the Sarthe in the Pays de la Loire in western France.

Bleu du Maine
In the Écomusée du pays de Rennes
Conservation status
Other names
  • Bazougers
  • Blauköpfiges Fleischschaf
  • Bluefaced Maine
  • Blue-headed Maine
  • Maine-Anjou
  • Maine à tête bleue
  • Mayenne Blue
Country of originFrance
StandardOrganisme de Sélection
Usemeat, wool
Traits
Weight
  • Male:
    110–120 kg[3]: 765 
  • Female:
    80–90 kg[3]: 765 
Height
  • Male:
    76 cm[2]
  • Female:
    65 cm[2]
Wool colourwhite
Face colourblue
Horn statuspolled
Detail of head (Salon International de l'Agriculture, Paris, 2018

It is a large and prolific sheep, characterised by the distinctive blue face from which its name derives.[3]: 765  It is raised primarily for meat.[2]

History

The Bleu du Maine shares some ancestry with the Rouge de l'Ouest.[3]: 764  It derives from cross-breeding in the early nineteenth century of the now-extinct Choletais – named for the town of Cholet in southern Maine-et-Loire – with imported British Leicester Longwool or Dishley Leicester stock. Towards the end of the century there was some influence from the Wensleydale, from which the characteristic blue face derives.[3]: 764  As the name suggests, the breed originated in the historic region of Maine, principally in the areas surrounding the towns of Bazougers in the département of Mayenne and Sablé-sur-Sarthe and Souvigné-sur-Sarthe in the Sarthe.[4] It is reared mainly in the Mayenne, the Sarthe, and in Maine-et-Loire; its range extends into the Orne in southern Normandy.[4]

A flock-book was started in 1927;[5] the breed received the official recognition of the Ministère de l'Agriculture in 1948.[3]: 765  In 2015 the total population was estimated at just under 11 000, of which 1703 were recorded in the flock-book.[5] In 2007 the conservation status of the breed world-wide was listed by the FAO as "not at risk";[1]: 146  in 2021 the status for France only was reported to DAD-IS as "endangered".[2]

Some have been exported to European countries, and to Ethiopia;[3]: 765  in 2021 the breed was reported from Belgium, France, Holland, Ireland and the United Kingdom.[6] Some were exported to the United Kingdom in 1980 for use as mule sires; the resulting ewes were found to be considerably less productive than daughters of British breeds such as the Blue-faced Leicester, the Border Leicester and the British Milksheep.[3]: 765 

Characteristics

The Bleu du Maine is a large heavy sheep: rams weigh some 110–120 kg, ewes about 80–90 kg.[3]: 765  It is characterised by a distinctive blue face, varying in colour from almost black to a reddish tinge. The fleece is white. The face is broad, with a slightly convex profile; it and the legs are free of wool.[3]: 765 

Use

The Bleu du Maine is reared primarily for meat.[2] Prolificity is reported to be 1.88.[4]

Fleeces weigh some 4–6 kg, with a staple length of approximately 80–100 mm and fineness of Bradford count 50s–56s, equivalent to approximately 27–30 μm.[3]: 765 

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bleu du Maine.
  1. Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
  2. Breed data sheet: Bleu du Maine / France (Sheep). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2021.
  3. Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
  4. Race ovine Bleu du Maine (in French). Paris: Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Département des Sciences Animales. Archived 17 November 2006.
  5. Etude de la race ovine: Bleu du Maine (in French). Paris: Bureau des Ressources Génétiques. Archived 9 October 2015.
  6. Transboundary breed summary: Sheep / Bleu du Maine. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2021.
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