Bronx High School of Science

The Bronx High School of Science, commonly called Bronx Science, is a public specialized high school in The Bronx in New York City. It is operated by the New York City Department of Education. Admission to Bronx Science involves passing the Specialized High Schools Admissions Test.

Bronx High School of Science
Bronx High School of Science in July 2006
Address
75 West 205th Street

New York City
,
New York
10468

United States
Coordinates40°52′42″N 73°53′27″W
Information
Other names
  • Bronx Science
  • Science
TypeSelective school
Motto"Inquire, Discover, Create"
Established1938 (1938)
FounderMorris Meister
School districtNYCDOE Region 10
School numberX445
NCES School ID360008701922[1]
PrincipalRachel Hoyle[2]
Teaching staff142 (on an FTE basis)[1]
Grades9–12
Enrollment2,985 (2021–2022)[1]
Student to teacher ratio21[1]
Color(s)Green and Gold   
Athletics conferencePSAL
NicknameWolverines
NewspaperThe Science Survey
YearbookThe Observatory
AffiliationNational Consortium of Secondary STEM Schools
Nobel laureates9
Websitewww.bxscience.edu

Founded in 1938 in the Bronx, New York City, Bronx Science is located in what is now Kingsbridge Heights, also known as Jerome Park, a neighborhood in the northwest portion of the Bronx. Although originally known for its focus on mathematics and science, Bronx Science also emphasizes the humanities and social sciences and continually attracts students with a wide variety of interests beyond math and science.

With nine Nobel Prize-winning alumni, seven in physics, one in chemistry, and one in economics, it has produced the most Nobel laureates in science of any secondary school in the world. Bronx Science alumni have also won two Turing Awards, sometimes unofficially referred to as the Nobel Prize in computer science; six National Medals of Science, the nation's highest scientific honor; and eight Pulitzer Prizes.

The Bronx High School of Science is often called Bronx Science, Bronx Sci, BX Sci, and sometimes just Science.[3][4] It was formerly called Science High and its founder, Morris Meister, is said to have frequently called the school "The High School of Science."[5]

History

20th century
The old Bronx Science logo
The former Gothic building at Creston Avenue and 184th Street that housed the school from its founding in 1938 until 1959
Dedication of the new building in 1957

Bronx High School of Science was founded in 1938 as a specialized science and math high school for boys, by resolution of the New York City Panel for Educational Policy, with Morris Meister as the first principal of the school. They were given use of an antiquated Gothic-gargoyled edifice located at Creston Avenue and 184th Street, in the Fordham Road-Grand Concourse area of the Bronx. The building, built in 1918 for Evander Childs High School, had been successively occupied by Walton High School (1930) and by an annex of DeWitt Clinton High School (1935). The initial faculty were composed in part by a contingent from Stuyvesant High School.[6]

Meister put his imprint on the school from its formation, for example selecting as school colors "green to represent chlorophyll and gold the sun, both of which are essential to the chain of life."[7]

From the beginning, the Parents Association and Principal Morris Meister campaigned for a new building. The number of students exceeded the capacity of the building on 184th Street, so the top floor of Public School 85 on Marion Avenue and 187th Street was used as the "Annex."[8]

21st century

After twenty years, plans were finally completed for a new $8 million building, which was designed by the architectural firm of Emery Roth and Sons.[9] The new building was on 205th Street near Bedford Park Boulevard, in a predominantly institutional area, between DeWitt Clinton High School and its large football field on one side, and Harris Field and Hunter College (now Lehman College) on the other. On March 3, 1959, students and faculty occupied the new building for the first time, solving the problem of how to move the books from the old library to the new in typical Bronx Science manner: on Friday afternoon each student took home five library books from the old building, and on Monday returned them to the new one.

They entered a school equipped with more modern classrooms, laboratories, and technical studio areas. The main lobby entrance featured a 63-foot (19 m), Venetian glass mosaic mural overhead, depicting major figures from the history of science such as Marie Curie and Charles Darwin under the protective hands of a God-like figure representing knowledge, with this quote from John Dewey: "Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination." The mural, Humanities Protecting Biology, Physics, Chemistry, is an original work by Frank J. Reilly. Legions of students over the years, bemoaning the lack of swimming facilities, have sarcastically referred to the mural as "the Science swimming pool", perpetuating the thesis that a choice was made to fund a mural rather than a pool in the new building.[10]

In the first spring of the move, rumors swept the school that various Bronx youth street gangs were coming to the school, and that the Fordham Baldies would shave the hair of Science students. This never happened. Another incident did happen that spring: The first time Science girls appeared on the outdoor physical education field in gym clothes, some students from the neighboring, all-male DeWitt Clinton High School charged the separation fence between their field and the Science field. The fence held, but the female students exercised indoors for the remainder of that year.

When Bronx Science celebrated its silver anniversary in June 1963, President John F. Kennedy hailed it as "a significant and pathfinding example of a special program devoted to the development of the student gifted in science and mathematics." Kennedy had recently selected a 1943 Bronx High School of Science graduate, Harold Brown, as Director of Defense Research and Engineering; Brown would later serve as United States Secretary of Defense under President Jimmy Carter.

Academics
Bronx Science is the only specialized New York City high school with a campus
A hallway on the first floor of Bronx Science
A math and computer programming class at the school in 1960, featuring an IBM 650 op code chart (upper right). Bronx High School of Science was one of the first high schools to teach computer courses. The school had a keypunch machine, students ran their programs at the Watson lab at Columbia University, and the school obtained its own computer, an IBM 1620, a year and a half later.

Bronx Science students take a college preparatory curriculum that includes four years of science, English, and social studies; three (usually four) years of math; two or three years of foreign language; and a year of fine arts, with required courses and a wide selection of electives, including honors and advanced placement (AP) classes, which allow students to place out of introductory college science courses. Over 100 unique courses are offered. All New York State Regents classes are offered, with the exception of earth science.[11]

In the biological sciences, Bronx Science offers a special honors biology course, in addition to the Regents-level course, which includes additional laboratory exposure and intensive content. If students have already taken the Living Environment regents in 8th grade, they may take Regents-level or honors chemistry in freshman year. All students must take at least one year of a biological lab science at Bronx Science, a requirement that can be satisfied either by freshman biology or, if students took biology in middle school, one of the many advanced electives offered, including AP Biology, AP Environmental Science, AP Psychology; non-AP advanced courses include animal behavior, cell biology, epidemiology, forensic science, microbiology, neuroscience, and nutritional science. Post-AP level classes in evolution, genetics, and psychology are also offered. In the physical science department, AP Chemistry and AP Physics are both offered, and both may be taken alongside introductory Regents-level courses in those respective classes. Electives offered include astronomy and astrophysics, electrical engineering, green design, organic chemistry, and post-AP Physics.[11] In 2022, the school prepared to accept an astronomical observatory.[12]

Freshmen at Bronx Science are required to take one-semester courses in research literacy and engineering, while sophomores take one-semester courses consisting of coding and rhetoric. Collectively, these are referred to as Foundational courses. Sophomore students may satisfy this requirement by instead taking a class in the research program, a three-year long program that culminates in an independent research project and final research paper that is submitted to Regeneron and other prestigious competitions in senior year. The research program is divided into biology, math, physical science/engineering, and social science research.[11]

The mathematics department offers standard AP courses in AB/BC calculus, statistics, and computer science. Students can take precalculus alongside honors algebra 2 and trigonometry in their sophomore year, allowing them to take AP Calculus in their junior year. Post-AP courses in mathematics include multivariable calculus, linear algebra and differential equations, video game development, app development, game theory, and a newly introduced course in financial and actuarial math.[11]

Students are required to take four years of English. AP English Language and AP English Literature are offered, along with journalism workshop and yearbook design. In junior year, students have the option to take the unique AP American Studies course, an interdisciplinary course that correlates the AP English Language and AP United States History courses, while in senior year, the AP English Literature course is divided into courses in creative writing and traditional literature. Four years of social studies or history classes are required. AP European History and AP World History are both offered in sophomore year in preparation for the Global History Regents, while juniors can take AP United States History to satisfy the U.S. history requirement. Senior social studies classes consist of several combinations of AP classes in U.S. Government and Politics, Comparative Government and Politics, Microeconomics, and Macroeconomics. Additional classes in social studies, which must be taken along with these ones, include AP Human Geography, race and gender, and unique classes in Holocaust leadership and speech and debate leadership. A minimum of 2 years of languages are required, if students had previously taken a year of language prior to high school. Bronx Science offers French, Spanish, Latin, Italian, Chinese, and Japanese. At one time Hebrew, Russian, Korean, and German were also offered. AP German Language and Culture is the only AP class not offered at Bronx Science.[11]

Students must also obtain credits from two terms of a class in the fine arts or the equivalent. The fine arts requirement is usually satisfied during Bronx Science's Summer Program which offers Drama, Music, and Art. Students usually "double up" on two of these courses to satisfy the fine arts requirement for once and all during the time period of one summer. Students are expected to satisfy the arts requirement by the end of sophomore year. Students can also take art or music electives during the school year to satisfy the fine arts requirement by taking a music elective such as jazz band or an arts elective such as AP Art History or AP Studio Art during the regular school year. Health and physical education courses are also required, and the Health requirement may also be fulfilled during the Bronx Science Summer Program in addition to the two fine arts courses.[11]

Advanced placement courses

Bronx Science offers all of the AP courses, except for AP German Language and Culture and the AP Capstone program. The courses include:[11]

  • English – AP English Literature and Composition, AP English Language and Composition
  • Social Sciences – AP U.S. History, AP European History, AP World History (2 Years), AP U.S. Government & Politics, AP Microeconomics, AP Macroeconomics, AP Micro/Macroeconomics, AP Comparative Government & Politics with Economics, AP United States Government & Politics with Economics, AP Human Geography, AP Psychology
  • Mathematics – AP Calculus AB, AP Calculus BC, AP Statistics, AP Computer Science
  • Science – AP Biology, AP Environmental Science, AP Chemistry, AP Physics 1&2 (without Calculus), AP Physics C (with Calculus)
  • Language – AP Spanish Language, AP Spanish Literature, AP French Language and Culture, AP Italian Language and Culture, AP Latin (Caesar and Virgil), AP Chinese Language and Culture, AP Japanese Language and Culture
  • Arts – AP Studio Art, AP Art History, AP Music Theory

School publications
Bronx Science students working on The Science Survey, one of several school publications

The Science Survey is Bronx Science's entirely student-run newspaper.[13][14][15] Students manage everything: reporting, layout, design, editing, and final production, under the supervision of the journalism advisor. The paper is printed using funds from its advertisers, with no fiscal school support. The paper is distributed on average five times per year at no charge. The Science Survey has been the name of the Bronx Science student newspaper since the founding of the school in 1938.

Dynamo is the literary magazine sponsored by the English Department, consisting of original poems and stories submitted by students from all grades.[16] The Observatory is Bronx Science's prize-winning yearbook.[17] The yearbook office has a custom-built web server to manage its production, powered by MediaWiki and Coppermine software.

Other department-produced publications include the annual Math Bulletin,[18] consisting of student term papers, original student mathematics research, and topics in mathematics; Exposition, an annual production of the Social Studies Department; and Reactions,[19] written by physical science students.

Reputation

Bronx Science has received international recognition. In 2020, Newsweek's rankings of the top 5,000 STEM High Schools in the United States (public and private), listed Bronx Science as the 4th best STEM school in the nation.[20]

In 2014, the school ranked 34th out of all high schools nationwide and 1st in New York;[21] nationwide, Bronx Science ranked 33rd in 2008 and 58th in 2009.[22] It attracts an intellectually gifted blend of culturally, ethnically,[23][24] and economically diverse students from New York City.[25] As of 2012, Bronx Science is ranked as one of the "22 top-performing schools"[26] in America on The Washington Post as well as number 50 out of a list of the best 1,000 high schools in the country on The Daily Beast's "America's Best High Schools"[27] list. In 2014 it was ranked second highest on Cities Journal's list of the "15 Best High Schools in New York",[28] along with Stuyvesant (ranked third)[29] and Brooklyn Tech (ranked eighth).[30]

The average SAT score in 2012 was 2,010 out of 2,400.[31] Almost all Bronx Science graduates continue on to four-year colleges, and it is a "feeder school", with many graduates going on to Ivy League schools and other institutions of higher learning each year.[32] Bronx Science has counted 132 finalists in the Regeneron (formerly Intel) Science Talent Search, the largest number of any high school.[33] Nine graduates have won Nobel Prizes—more than any other secondary education institution in the world[34]—and seven have won Pulitzer Prizes.[35][36] Of the nine Nobel Prizes earned by graduates, seven of them are in physics, which earned Bronx Science a designation by the American Physical Society as a "Historic Physics Site" in 2010.[37][38]

Bronx Science is a member of the National Consortium of Secondary STEM Schools (NCSSS).[39] Together with Stuyvesant High School and Brooklyn Technical High School, it is one of the three original specialized science high schools operated by the New York City Department of Education.[40]

Transportation

The New York City Subway's Bedford Park Boulevard (B and ​D trains) and Bedford Park Boulevard–Lehman College (4 train) stations are located nearby.[41] Additionally, New York City Bus's Bx10, Bx22, Bx26 and Bx28 routes stop near Bronx Science.[42]

Notable alumni
Main article: List of Bronx High School of Science alumni

Many people who attended the Bronx High School of Science have achieved distinction in their respective fields, including winning the Nobel and Pulitzer Prizes, the Academy, Emmy and Turing Awards, the U.S. National Medal of Science, political office and numerous professional society honors.

Bronx Science was the primary rival of Millard Fillmore High School in Head of the Class, a television series that aired from 1986 to 1991.

Bronx Science formed the basis for the Midtown School of Science and Technology in Spider-Man: Homecoming, part of the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[43]

The 2019 Spike Lee produced film, See You Yesterday takes place primarily at Bronx Science.[44]

References
  1. "Search for Public Schools - Bronx High School of Science (360008701922)". National Center for Education Statistics. Institute of Education Sciences. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
  2. "The Bronx High School of Science". www.bxscience.edu.
  3. Sederer, Lloyd I. (October 22, 2012). "A Safe Place to Be Smart: The Bronx High School of Science". Huffington Post.
  4. "Eighteenth Commencement Exercises" (PDF). The Bronx High School of Science. January 30, 1950. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
  5. "Mission". The Bronx High School of Science. Archived from the original on February 12, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
  6. "Timeline – click on 1930s – 1937/1938". The Campaign for Stuyvesant – History. OurStrongBand.org. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
  7. "The Bronx High School of Science". Bxscience.edu. December 31, 1999. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
  8. "New Bronx School Site; Plot Set-Aside at 205th Street and Goulden Avenue (Published 1954)". The New York Times. March 25, 1954.
  9. "About the architect". Nyc-architecture.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
  10. "About Bronx Science". The Bronx High School of Science Alumni Association & Endowment Fund. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2017. For over 50 years it has been rumored that the administration chose to fund the mural rather than a swimming pool in the new building. It's simply not true.
  11. "The Bronx High School of Science Course Guide 2022" (PDF). The Bronx High School of Science. Retrieved October 9, 2022.
  12. Misdary, Rosemary (May 23, 2022). "NYC's first public observatory is running out of time to find a home". Gothamist. Retrieved June 12, 2022.
  13. "Home". Science Survey. Archived from the original on February 14, 2008. Retrieved March 10, 2016 – via schoolwebpages.com.
  14. "The Science Survey". Retrieved August 20, 2019 – via issuu.com.
  15. "About". The Science Survey. The Bronx High School of Science. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
  16. "Dynamo". Archived from the original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2016 – via LiveJournal.
  17. "Bronx Science Yearbook Garners National Awards". The Bronx High School of Science. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
  18. "Math Bulletin". Bxscience.edu. December 31, 1999. Archived from the original on December 10, 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
  19. "Bronx Science's Physical Science Magazine". Bxscience.edu. December 31, 1999. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
  20. "Best STEM Schools - Top 500". Newsweek. November 4, 2019. Archived from the original on November 8, 2019. Retrieved January 27, 2021.
  21. "The Bronx High School of Science in BRONX, NY". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved April 24, 2014.
  22. "Gold Medal Schools". U.S. News & World Report. December 14, 2008. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008. Retrieved January 11, 2009.
  23. Herman Badillo (2006). One Nation, One Standard: An Ex-Liberal on How Hispanics Can Succeed Just Like Other Immigrant Groups. Sentinel. p. 28.
  24. "By the Numbers: Public, Private and Religious High Schools" (PDF). The Blackboard Awards. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2007. Retrieved August 12, 2007.
  25. Joseph Berger, "How Do You Get To Bronx Science? The Yellow Bus; A Private Transportation Service Fosters the Queens Connection". The New York Times, January 14, 2003.
  26. Winston, Kimberley (May 18, 2012). "Education". The Washington Post.
  27. Archived May 21, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  28. "15 Best High Schools In New York: #2 The Bronx High School of Science". Cities Journal. 2014. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
  29. "15 Best High Schools In New York: #3 Stuyvesant". Cities Journal. 2014. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
  30. "15 Best High Schools In New York: #8 Brooklyn Technical High School". Cities Journal. 2014. Retrieved May 18, 2014.
  31. "NewsWeek's Top 20 high schools: Northeast '". The Daily Beast. May 20, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
  32. Heather Mac Donald (Spring 1999). "How Gotham's Elite High Schools Escaped the Leveller's Ax". City Journal. Retrieved August 12, 2007.
  33. "Intel Science Talent Search". January 27, 2001. Archived from the original on January 27, 2001.
  34. Newman, Andy (October 10, 2012). "Another Nobel for Bronx Science, This One in Chemistry". The New York Times. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
  35. "Bronx Science Alumni". February 19, 1997. Archived from the original on February 19, 1997.
  36. "Distinguished Alumni Achievers". January 27, 2001. Archived from the original on January 27, 2001.
  37. "A Nobel Laureate Returns Home to Bronx Science", The New York Times, October 15, 2010. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
  38. "High School, Summer School Gain Historic Site Designation". APS News. American Physical Society. January 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
  39. "NCSSS Institutional Members". Archived from the original on August 10, 2009. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  40. Kahlenberg, Richard D. (June 22, 2014). "Elite, Separate, Unequal: New York City's Top Public Schools Need Diversity". The New York Times. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
  41. "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Van Cortlandt Park / NY Botanical Garden" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2018.
  42. "Bronx Bus Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 2018. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  43. Liao, Shannon (July 13, 2017). "Spider-Man's high school's resemblance to a certain NYC STEM school is uncanny". The Verge.
  44. "'See You Yesterday' Is a Sci-Fi Black Lives Matter Anthem for the Next Generation | WNYC | New York Public Radio, Podcasts, Live Streaming Radio, News". WNYC.
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