Brycon
Brycon is a genus of fish in the family Characidae found in freshwater habitats in Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to northern Argentina.[1] Despite not being closely related to true trout, they are sometimes called South American trout.[2] Members of the genus may be referred to by a number of other different common names in various languages. They reach a maximum length of 11.9–79.5 cm (4.7–31.3 in) depending on the species involved.[1] Some species perform seasonal breeding migrations.[3]
| Brycon | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Brycon hilarii | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Family: | Characidae |
| Subfamily: | Bryconinae |
| Genus: | Brycon J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844 |
| Type species | |
| Brycon falcatus J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844 | |
They feed heavily on fruits and seeds, but also take other plant material, invertebrates and small fish.[4][5] Their food is typically taken from the water, but they are able to jump out of the water to "pluck" low-hanging seeds and fruits directly from trees.[2] Some seeds are crushed when eaten, but may also pass undamaged through the fish, making them seed dispersers.[2][4][5]
Brycon support important fisheries and based on a review by IBAMA, they are the fifth most caught fish by weight in the Brazilian Amazon.[3]
Species
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There are currently 46 recognized species in this genus:[1]
- Brycon alburnus (Günther, 1860)
- Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)[6]
- Brycon argenteus Meek & Hildebrand, 1913
- Brycon atrocaudatus (Kner, 1863)
- Brycon behreae Hildebrand, 1938
- Brycon bicolor Pellegrin, 1909
- Brycon cephalus (Günther, 1869)
- Brycon chagrensis (Kner, 1863)
- Brycon coquenani Steindachner, 1915[6]
- Brycon costaricensis Angulo & Gracian-Negrete, 2013[7]
- Brycon coxeyi Fowler, 1943[6]
- Brycon dentex Günther, 1860
- Brycon devillei (Castelnau, 1855)
- Brycon dulcis F. C. T. Lima & F. Vieira, 2017[6]
- Brycon falcatus J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844[6]
- Brycon ferox Steindachner, 1877[6]
- Brycon fowleri Dahl, 1955
- Brycon gouldingi F. C. T. Lima, 2004[6]
- Brycon guatemalensis Regan, 1908
- Brycon henni C. H. Eigenmann, 1913
- Brycon hilarii (Valenciennes, 1850)[6]
- Brycon howesi F. C. T. Lima, 2017[6]
- Brycon insignis Steindachner, 1877[6]
- Brycon labiatus Steindachner, 1879
- Brycon medemi Dahl, 1960
- Brycon meeki C. H. Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1918
- Brycon melanopterus (Cope, 1872)[6]
- Brycon moorei Steindachner, 1878
- Brycon nattereri Günther, 1864[6]
- Brycon obscurus Hildebrand, 1938
- Brycon oligolepis Regan, 1913
- Brycon opalinus (G. Cuvier, 1819)[6]
- Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850)[6]
- Brycon orthotaenia Günther, 1864[6]
- Brycon pesu J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1845
- Brycon petrosus Meek & Hildebrand, 1913
- Brycon polylepis Moscó Morales, 1988[6]
- Brycon posadae Fowler, 1945
- Brycon rubricauda Steindachner, 1879
- Brycon sinuensis Dahl, 1955
- Brycon stolzmanni Steindachner, 1879[6]
- Brycon striatulus (Kner, 1863)
- Brycon unicolor Moscó Morales, 1988
- Brycon vermelha F. C. T. Lima & R. M. C. Castro, 2000[6]
- Brycon vonoi F. C. T. Lima, 2017[6]
- Brycon whitei G. S. Myers & S. H. Weitzman, 1960[6]
References
- Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2016). Species of Brycon in FishBase. October 2016 version.
- "Brycons". British Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 3 December 2010. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
- Araujo-Lima, C.A.R.M.; and M.L. Ruffino (2003). Migratory Fishes of the Brazilian Amazon. Pp. 233—302 in: Carolsfeld, J.; B. Harvey; C. Ross; and A. Baer (editors). Migratory Fishes of South America. ISBN 0-9683958-2-1
- Goulding, M (1980). The Fishes and the Forest: Explorations in Amazonian Natural History. University of California Press. pp. 68–100. ISBN 0-520-04131-3.
- Reysa, P.; Sabino, J.; Galetti, M. (2009). "Frugivory by the fish Brycon hilarii (Characidae) in western Brazil". Acta Oecologica. 35 (1): 136–141. Bibcode:2009AcO....35..136R. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2008.09.007.
- Lima, F.C.T. (2017): A revision of the cis-andean species of the genus Brycon Müller & Troschel (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 4222 (1): 1–189.
- Angulo, A. & Gracian-Negrete, J.M. (2013): A new species of Brycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with a key to the lower Mesoamerican species of the genus. Zootaxa, 3731 (2): 255–266.