Brześć District

Brześć District[lower-alpha 1] was a district of the Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands from June 1919[1] to September 1920, and Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories from September 1920[2] to December 1920,[3] all of which were under the control of the Second Polish Republic. Its seat was located in Brest-Litovsk. In December 1919, it had an area of 57,758 km² (22,300 square miles), and was inhabited by 1,121,978 people.[4]

Brześć District
Okręg brzeski (Polish)
District of Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands and Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories
1919–1920

Location within the Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands
CapitalBrest-Litovsk
Area 
• 1919
57,758 km2 (22,300 sq mi)
Population 
• 1919
1 121 978
History
Government
Chief of District 
• 1919
Maciej Jamont
• 1919–1920
Władysław Jeśman
History 
• Formation of Brześć District
7 June 1919
9 September 1920
• Incorporation into Second Polish Republic
20 December 1920
Contained within
 • Civil administration Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands (June 1919 – September 1920
Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories (September 1920 – December 1920)
Political subdivisions6 counties (until August 1919)
7 counties (August – November 1919)
8 counties (since November 1919)
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Lithuanian–Byelorussian SSR
Byelorussian SSR
Nowogródek District
Polesian District

It was established on 7 June 1919 with the formation of Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands, from the lands conquered from the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia.[5] On 17 January 1920, it was incorporated into Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories.[2] On 20 December 1920, the civil administration was disestablished and the district was incorporated into Nowogródek and Polesian Districts.[3]

History

It was established on 7 June 1919 with the formation of Civil Administration of the Lands of Volhynia and Podolian Front, from the lands conquered from the Socialist Soviet Republic of Lithuania and Belorussia.[5] It was formed as a district of the civil administration under the control of Second Polish Republic, of the lands conquered by it during the Polish–Soviet War. Its seat was located Brest-Litovsk. The region was governed by the Chief of District.[6] The first person in that office was Maciej Jamont, and the second one was Władysław Jeśman, who assumed the office on 8 November 1919.[7]

It consisted of the counties of Brześć Litewski, Wołkowysk, Prużana, Słonim, Kobryń and Pińsk.[3]

On 1 August 1919, part of Nowogródek County, Wilno District and Słuck County, Mińsk Districtand were reformed into Baranowicze County that was incorporated into Brześć District.[8] On 6 November 1919, to the district was incorporated Mozyrz County, with provisional seat located in Zhytkavichy.[9] On 10 April 1920, to the Mozyrz County was temporarily added part of Rechitsky Uyezd.[10]

On 9 September 1920, the district was incorporated into, then formed, Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories.[2] On 20 December 1920, the civil administration was disestablished and the district was incorporated into Nowogródek and Polesian Districts.[3]

Demography

In December 1919, the district was inhabited by 1 121 978 people, and had an area of 57 758 km² (22300 square miles), having the population density of 19.4 people/km² (2.1 people/square mile). The biggest cities were: Pińsk with 21 436 inhabitants, Brześć Litewski with 14 005, and Baranowicze with 10 373. The territory included 5544 other settlements, from which 10 had populations between 5 and 10 thousand and 43, between 1 and 5 thousand.[4]

Education

In the school year of 1919/1920, the district had 347 primary schools, 18 middle schools, 14 vocational schools, 2 teacher seminars and 1 course. To all schools had attended 28 427 students and taught 727 teachers. In March 1920, there were 349 schools that taught in Polish language and 379 that taught in others.[11]

Subdivisions

Counties
  • Baranowicze County (from 1 August 1919)
  • Brześć Litewski County
  • Kobryń County
  • Mozyrz County (from 6 November 1919)
  • Pińsk County
  • Prużana County
  • Słonim County
  • Wołkowysk County

Leaders

Chiefs of District
  • Maciej Jamont
  • Władysław Jeśman (from 8 November 1919)

Notes
  1. Polish: Okręg brzeski

References
  1. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1919 r. Nr 5, poz. 41
  2. Dziennik Rozkazów z 1920 r. Nr 35, poz. 753.
  3. Dz.U. z 1920 r. nr 115, poz. 762
  4. Tablice ogólne in Zeszyt VII. Spis ludności na terenach administrowanych przez Zarząd Cywilny Ziem Wschodnich (grudzień 1919). Lviv–Warsaw: Książnica Polska T-wa Naucz. Szkół Wyższych, 1920. p. 25. series: Prace geograficzne by Eugenjusz Romer.
  5. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1920 r. Nr 6, poz. 79.
  6. Joanna Gierowska-Kałłaur, Zarząd cywilny ziem wschodnich. Warsaw. 2003.
  7. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1919 r. Nr 27
  8. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1919 r. Nr 19, poz. 172
  9. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1919 r. Nr 26, poz. 275
  10. Dz. Urz. ZCZW z 1920 r. Nr 34, poz. 845
  11. Rozdział VII. Szkolnictwo na ziemiach podległych Zarządowi Cywilnemu Ziem Wschodnich by Joanna Gierowska-Kałłaur in Zarząd Cywilny Ziem Wschodnich (19 lutego 1919 – 9 września 1920) by Joanna Gierowska-Kałłaur. Warsaw.Wydawnictwo Neriton, Instytut Historii PAN, 2003, p. 243. ISBN 83-88973-60-6.

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