Build! Build! Build!

The Build! Build! Build! Infrastructure Program (BBB) was the infrastructure program of the administration of Rodrigo Duterte, the 16th president of the Philippines. A key component of his socioeconomic policy, the program aimed to reduce poverty, encourage economic growth and reduce congestion in Metro Manila, and address the country's infrastructure gap.[1][2] Launched on April 18, 2017,[3] the program also included the continuation of 44 infrastructure projects under previous administrations.[4][5]

Build! Build! Build! logo
This article is part of
a series about
Rodrigo Duterte
Tenure
Policies
COVID-19 pandemic
Early political career
Personal and public image

Rodrigo Duterte's signature

The Build! Build! Build! program was superseded by the Build Better More (BBM) infrastructure program of the administration of Duterte's successor, Bongbong Marcos;[6] government officials have described the new program as an expansion of the BBB program.

List of associated projects

In November 2019, the government revised its list of flagship infrastructure projects under the program, expanding it to 100.[7][8] It was revised again in August 2020, bringing the total number of projects to 104, expanding its scope included health, information and communications technology, as well as water infrastructure projects to support the country's economic growth and recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. As of September 11, 2020, 24 projects are still in the approval & planning stages, while 80 were under implementation.[9]

Construction of the North–South Commuter Railway in Balagtas, Bulacan
The Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange in Parañaque

Public transportation
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Rail transportation
LRT Line 1 south extension 2019– Under-construction 2024 [10]
LRT Line 2 east extension 2015–2021 Completed July 5, 2021 [11]
LRT Line 2 west extension 2021– Proposed 2024 [12]
MRT Line 3 rehabilitation 2019–2021 Completed March 22, 2022 [12]
MRT Line 4 2021– Proposed 2025 [12]
LRT Line 6 Proposed [12]
MRT Line 7 2017– Under-construction 2023 [13]
Metro Manila Subway (Phase 1) 2019– Under-construction 2027 [14]
MRT Line 10 Proposed [12]
MRT Line 11 Proposed [12]
North Triangle Common Station 2017– Under-construction 2023 [15]
PNR North–South Commuter Railway (NSCR) 2019– Under-construction 2025 [16]
PNR South Long Haul Proposed 2025 [16]
SkyTrain (Fort Bonifacio–Makati SkyTrain) Proposed [12]
Subic–Clark Railway Proposed 2024 [17]
Mindanao Railway Phase 1 (Tagum–Davao–Digos Segment) Proposed June 2023 [18]
Cebu Monorail System Proposed [12]
Urban transportation
Cebu BRT system 2017–2022 Under-construction March 2022 [12]
Davao Public Transport Modernization project Ongoing [12]
EDSA Busway Concourse project 2021–2022 Under construction 2022 [19]
Metro Manila BRT Line 1 (Quezon Avenue) Proposed [12]
Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange 2015–2018 Completed November 5, 2018 [12]
Taguig Integrated Terminal Exchange 2018–2027 Under-construction 2027 [12]
Construction of the Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway in October 2021
Expansion of the Subic Freeport Expressway

Roads
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Bacolod–Negros Occidental Economic Highway 2017–2024 Under-construction 2024 [12][20]
Boracay Circumferential Road (Phase 1 and 2)  ?–2020 Completed December 4, 2020 [12][21]
Cagayan de Oro Coastal Road 1997–2017 Completed November 10, 2017 [12][22]
Camalig Bypass Road  ?–2021 Completed June 15, 2021 [23]
Camarines Sur High-Speed Highway 2019– Under-construction [12]
Davao City Bypass Road 2020–2022 Under-construction 2022 [24]
Davao City Coastal Road 2017–2023 Under-construction 2023 [24]
EDSA Greenways 2022–2024 Proposed November 2024 [12][25][26]
Iconic Bridges for Socio Economic Development Under-construction [12]
Improving Growth Corridors in Mindanao Road Sector Project (former Tawi-Tawi Interlink Bridge and Guicam Bridge) Under-construction [27]
Mindanao Development Road Network Under-construction [27]
New Bacolod Economic Highway Under-construction [27]
Pasacao–Balatan Tourism Coastal Highway 2019– Under-construction [12]
Road Network Development Project in Conflict Affected Areas in Mindanao Under-construction [27]
Samar Pacific Coastal Road 2018–2022 Completed June 28, 2022 [12][28]
Sariaya Bypass Road 2014–2021 Completed October 21, 2021 [29]
Sindangan-Bayog-Lakewood Road 2014–2022 Under-construction 2022 [12]
Sorsogon City Coastal Road 2015–2020 Completed August 30, 2020 [30]
Surallah-T'boli-San Jose Road 2016–2022 Under-construction 2022 [12]
Urdaneta City Bypass Road 2019–2021 Completed January 18, 2021 [12][31]
Inter-island Bridges
Bataan–Cavite Interlink Bridge 2022-2027 Proposed 2027 [32]
Cebu–Mactan Bridge and Coastal Road Construction project Proposed [12]
Coron–Culion Bridge 2021– Under-construction
Davao–Samal Bridge Proposed [33]
Mindoro–Batangas Super Bridge Proposed [34]
Panay–Guimaras–Negros Bridge (Phase 1) Proposed [12]
Panglao-Tagbilaran City Offshore Connector Bridge Under-construction [12]
Panguil Bay Bridge 2021–2023 Under-construction June 2024 [27][35]
Samal Island-Davao City Connector Bridge Proposed [12]
Roma Point Bridge 2018– Under-construction [36]
Expressways
Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway (CCLEX) 2018–2022 Completed April 27, 2022 [37]
Davao City Expressway Proposed [12]
Metro Cebu Expressway 2018–2022 Under-construction 2022 [27]
Pasig River Expressway 2021–2023 Under-construction 2023 [38]
Luzon Spine Expressway Network[27][39]
C-5 Southlink Expressway 2016–2022 Under-construction 2022 [40][41]
Cavite–Laguna Expressway (CALAX) 2018–2023 Under-construction September 2023
Cavite–Tagaytay–Batangas Expressway Proposed [12]
Central Luzon Link Expressway (CLLEX) 2017–2021 Completed July 15, 2021 [39]
Metro Manila Skyway Stage 3 2014–2021 Completed January 15, 2021 [42][41]
SLEX Elevated Extension 2019–2021 Completed February 15, 2022 [41]
North Luzon East Expressway (NLEE) Under-construction [39]
NLEX Harbor Link 2014–2020 Completed June 15, 2020 [41][43]
NLEX Harbor Link Extension to Anda Circle Proposed [12]
NLEX Connector 2019–2022 Under-construction March 2022 [42][40][41]
Plaridel Bypass Road (Phase 2 and 3) 2014–2020 Completed December 2020 [44]
Quezon–Bicol Expressway Cancelled [12]
Southeast Metro Manila Expressway (SEMME) 2018–2022 Under-construction 2022 [40]
SLEX Toll Road 4 2019–2022 Under-construction 2022 [39]
SLEX Toll Road 5 Approved [39]
Subic Freeport Expressway Expansion 2019–2021 Completed February 19, 2021 [45]
Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway (TPLEX) Extension Proposed [39]
Metro Manila Logistics Improvement Network[46]
Binondo–Intramuros Bridge 2018–2022 Completed April 5, 2022 [46][41]
Eastbank–Westbank Bridge 2 2021–2023 Proposed 2023 [47]
New Estrella–Pantaleon Bridge 2019–2021 Completed July 29, 2021 [46][41]
Bonifacio Global City-Ortigas Center Link Road (Santa Monica–Lawton Bridge and Viaduct) 2018–2021 Completed September 30, 2021 [46][41]
J.P. Rizal–Lopez Jaena Bridge Proposed [47]
J.P. Rizal–St. Mary Bridge Proposed [47]
Laguna Lake Highway 2016–2018 Completed November 15, 2018 [40]
Lawton Avenue Expansion 2017–2022 Completed May 2022 [48]
Marikina–Vista Real Bridge Proposed [47]
Mindanao Avenue Extension 2017– Under-construction [40][41]
North–South Harbor Bridge 2021–2023 Proposed 2023 [47]
Palanca–Villegas Bridge 2021–2023 Proposed 2023 [47]
Metro Manila Priority Bridges Seismic Improvement Project[47]
Guadalupe Bridge Rehabilitation Proposed [47][40]
Lambingan Bridge Vertical Improvement Proposed [47][40]

Airports
Bohol–Panglao International Airport
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Bacolod–Silay International Airport Proposed [12]
Bicol International Airport Development project (New Legazpi) 2016–2021 Completed October 7, 2021 [49]
Bohol–Panglao International Airport (New Bohol International Airport) 2016–2018 Completed November 27, 2018 [50]
Calbayog Airport expansion 2017–2021 Completed May 5, 2021
Clark International Airport expansion project Phase 1 2017–2022 Completed May 2, 2022 [51][52]
M'lang (Central Mindanao) Airport Development project Proposed [12]
Davao International Airport expansion Proposed [12]
General Santos International Airport expansion 2018-2021 Completed November 2021 [53]
Iloilo International Airport expansion Proposed [12]
Kalibo International Airport expansion 2018–2021 Completed June 4, 2021 [12][54]
Laguindingan Airport expansion Proposed [12]
Mactan–Cebu International Airport expansion 2015–2021 Completed May 5, 2021 [55]
New Manila International Airport 2020–2026 Under-construction 2026 [56]
Ninoy Aquino International Airport expansion Proposed [12]
Puerto Princesa International Airport expansion Proposed [57]
Sangley Point Airport 2019–2020 Completed February 15, 2020 [58]
Siquijor Airport upgrading and expansion 2018–2021 Completed August 26, 2021 [59]
Cagayan North International Airport (Lal-lo International Airport)  ?–18 Completed March 23, 2018 [49]

Seaports
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
Borac Port  ?–2019 Completed November 2019 [60]
New Cebu International Container Port 2021–2024 Proposed March 28, 2024 [12]
Port of San Fernando 2019–2020 Completed June 2020 [60]
Port of Bataraza  ?–2018 Completed February 15, 2018 [60]

Urban development
Phase 1 of the New Clark City
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Ambal Simuay River and Rio Grande de Mindanao Flood Control projects Proposed [17]
Bayanihan 2 Bike Lane Networks 2021 Completed June 30, 2021 [61][62][63]
Cavite Industrial Area Flood Management Program Proposed [64]
Emergency Assistance for Reconstruction and Recovery of Marawi (Output 2: Reconstruction and Development Plan for a Greater Marawi, Stage 2) 2017–2022 Under-construction 2022 [12]
Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Low-Lying Areas of Pampanga Bay 2018–2022 Under-construction March 2022 [12][65]
Leyte Tide Embankment 2016–2022 Under-construction 2022 [27]
Marawi Rehabilitation (China Grant)
a.) Bridge and Bypass project
b.) Grand Padian Market and Sports Complex
 2017–2021 Under-construction December 2021 [12]
New Clark City Phase 1:
a.) National Government Administrative Center Phase 1A
b.) Filinvest Mixed Use Industrial Development Phase 1 (Site Development)
 2016–2019 Completed October 2019 [12][52][66]
Pasig–Marikina River Channel Improvement project (Phase IV) Under-construction
Reconstruction and Development Plan for Greater Marawi 2017–2022 Under-construction 2022 [12]

Water resources
Project Construction Status Completion date Ref.
Angat Water Transmission Improvement project 2016–2020 Completed June 2020 [67]
Aqueduct No. 7 project Proposed [12]
Balog-Balog Multipurpose project Phase II Under-construction [12]
Bohol Northeast Basin Multipurpose Dam project Proposed [12][64]
Chico Pump Irrigation project 2018–2022 Completed June 2022 [68] [69]
Jalaur River Multipurpose project Phase II 2019–2022 Under-construction 2022 [12][70]
Lower Agno River Irrigation System Improvement project 2018–2022 Under-construction December 2022 [15]
National Irrigation Sector Rehabilitation and Improvement project 2013– Ongoing [12]
New Centennial Water Source – Kaliwa Dam project Under-construction 2026 [12][64][71]
Malitubog-Maridagao Irrigation project Proposed [12]
Water District Development Sector projects (ADB-WDDSP) Proposed [12]
Wawa Bulk Water Supply project Proposed [12]
Agus 3 Hydroelectric Power project (225 MW) Proposed [12]
Agus-Pulangi Hydropower Rehabilitation project Proposed [12]

Information and communications technology
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
ICT Capability Development and Management Program Under-construction [12][72]
LTO Command Center Proposed [12]
Luzon Bypass Infrastructure project Completed [12][52][72]
Motor Vehicle Recognition and Enhancement System Proposed [12]
National Broadband Program Under-construction [12][72]
National Government Data Center Proposed [12]
National Interoperable Automatic Fare Collection System project (formerly Automated Fare Collection Clearing House) Proposed [12]
Philippine Identification System 2020- Ongoing [12][73]
Road Transport Information Technology Infrastructure project Phase I (LTO IT) Under-construction 2022 [12][72]
Safe Philippines Project Phase 1 Proposed [12]

Health
Project Construction Status Completion Date Ref.
Virology Science and Technology Institute of the Philippines Proposed [12][74]

Impact

As of July 2021, 214 airport projects, 451 commercial social and tourism port projects, 29,264 kilometers (18,184 mi) of roads, 5,950 bridges, 11,340 flood control projects, 11,340 evacuation centers, and 150,149 classrooms had been completed under the infrastructure program.[75][76] The numbers cited include newly-built infrastructure, and projects involving the repair, rehabilitation, widening, and expansion of existing infrastructure.[77]

However despite the massive expenditure program and with only two months left before Duterte leaves office, as of April 28, 2022, only 12 out of 119 Flagship Build Build Build projects have been completed so far.[78] Officials were quick to point out that despite the low completion rate of projects, the current administration has consistently spent more on infrastructure than past administrations.[78] The remaining projects will be passed on to future administrations for completion and consideration.[78]

The Philippine Daily Inquirer, citing a study from Pantheon Macroeconomics, wrote that "the Duterte administration has failed to achieve its ambitious spending targets despite having rolled out more infrastructure projects under the BBB program", citing the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic which affected infrastructure spending in 2020 as large portions of the budget had been reallocated to COVID-19 response efforts.[79]

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