2019 Philippine general election

The 2019 Philippine general election was conducted on May 13, 2019. A midterm election, those elected therein will take office on June 30, 2019, midway through the term of President Rodrigo Duterte.

2019 Philippine general election
Registered63,665,944
Turnout46,937,139
2019 Philippine Senate election
May 13, 2019 (2019-05-13)
12 (of the 24) seats to the Senate of the Philippines
13 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Koko Pimentel Mar Roxas Nancy Binay
Party PDP–Laban Liberal UNA
Alliance HNP Otso Diretso UNA
Seats won 9 0 1
Popular vote 203,023,825 50,038,801 14,974,776
Percentage 56.2% 13.8% 4.1%
Senate President before election

Tito Sotto
NPC

 Elected Senate President

Tito Sotto
NPC

2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections
May 13, 2019 (2019-05-13)
All 304 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines
153 seats needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Lord Allan Velasco Alan Peter Cayetano Arnulfo Fuentebella
Party PDP–Laban Nacionalista NPC
Leader's seat Marinduque Taguig-Pateros Camarines Sur–4th
Last election 3 seats, 1.90% 24 seats, 9.42% 42 seats, 17.04%
Seats before 94 37 33
Seats won 82 42 36
Seat change Decrease 12 Increase 5 Increase 3
Popular vote 12,564,335 6,554,911 5,644,007
Percentage 31.28% 16.32% 14.05%
Swing Increase 29.38% Increase 6.90% Decrease 2.99%
Speaker before election

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
PDP–Laban

 Elected Speaker

Alan Peter Cayetano
Nacionalista

Politics of the Philippines
Government
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Constitutional commissions
Elections
Political parties
Administrative divisions
Related topics
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The following positions were contested:

Under the Local Government Code and the 1987 constitution, all terms start on June 30, 2019, and end on June 30, 2022, except for elected senators, whose terms shall end on June 30, 2025. The Commission on Elections administered the election.

Preparation
Logo of the 2019 NLE used in official promotional and awareness campaigns.

Date of the election

The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines states that unless otherwise provided by law, the election of members of Congress is on every second Monday of May.[1] According to Republic Act No. 7166, election for national, provincial, city and municipal elections are on the second Monday of May, since 1992, and every three years thereafter, with the president and vice president being elected in six-year intervals.[2] It has been three years since the last general election of 2016, and with no law canceling the election, this meant that the election was held on Monday, May 13, 2019.

The commission confirmed the day of the election day of May 13 when it released the calendar for the election. The important days are:[3]

  • Filing of candidacies and nominations for party-list representatives: October 11 to 12, and October 15 to 17, 2018
  • Campaign period
    • For Senate and party-list elections: February 12 to May 11, 2019
    • For district congressional and local elections: March 29 to May 11, 2019
  • Substitution of candidates: November 30 to 12:00 p.m. of May 13, 2019
  • Election silence: April 18 to 19 and May 12 to 13, 2019
  • Election day: May 13, 2019
  • Deadline of filing of expenses: June 12, 2019

Automated election system

The Philippines adopted an automated election system (AES) for the 2019 elections. The COMELEC announced in December 2018 that the Philippine AES passed the review conducted by international systems and software testing firm, Pro V&V, in Alabama, USA.[4]

The Commission had a 'trusted build' program wherein the program to be used in the midterms in 2019 is built using the reviewed components. Commissioner Marlon Casquejo on December 17, 2018 turned over the executable file of the Election Management System (EMS) Trusted Build for the May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections (NLE) to the Commission en banc. The file will be escrowed to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.[5]

The EMS compiled the number and profile of registered voters, their geographic locations and polling precinct information, and these were used in designing the official ballots.

Equipment

The Commission on Elections made a decision on February 1, 2018 to purchase vote-counting machines (VCM), which were used in the 2016 presidential election for a price of 2.122 billion pesos for the 2019 mid-term elections.[6]

Commission on Elections membership

On October 17, 2017, the House of Representatives impeached Commission on Elections Chairman Andres D. Bautista due to allegations of manipulation of the 2016 vice presidential election in favor of Leni Robredo.[7] Hours earlier, Bautista announced his resignation effective December 31.[8] President Duterte accepted Bautista's resignation effective immediately, on October 23.[9] Duterte then appointed Sheriff Abas as new chairman, in November 2017.[10]

The Commission on Appointments confirmed Duterte's appointment of Abas as chairman in May 2018. Abas was expected to head the commission on the 2019 elections. At the confirmation hearing, Abas defended the commission's purchase of the vote-counting machines, saying that they were purchased at one-third of the cost.[11] The commission later confirmed Duterte's appointment of Socorro Inting as commissioner later that month.[12] Duterte also appointed Marlon S. Casquejo as commissioner on June and Undersecretary of Justice Antonio Kho as commissioner on July, completing the commission's seven seats.[13]

Proposed cancellation

Due to the drive to change the constitution to make the Philippines a federation, Speaker of the House of Representatives Pantaleon Alvarez said in January 2018 that the cancellation of the 2019 elections was possible, as a transition government would be needed. Later, Duterte ruled out the cancellation the election.[14]

By July, after the consultative committee submitted their draft constitution to Duterte and Congress, Alvarez proposed to cancel the 2019 elections so that Congress could concentrate on revising the constitution.[15] Senate President Tito Sotto said that this was possible by Congress passing a law for the cancellation of the election.[16] Members of the consultative committee, on the other hand, preferred holding the election. Aquilino Pimentel Jr. said that "I suggest elections will continue (because people suspect that) we are proposing federalism so that the elections can be postponed. It is not true, not at all."[17]

Later that month, Senator Panfilo Lacson said that most senators, including those who were running for reelection, would have blocked any moves by the lower house to cancel the election. This came as Alvarez switched his preferred mode of amending the constitution via a People's Initiative. Senator Franklin Drilon earlier stated that the minority bloc would have sued if Alvarez's plan of cancelling the election pushed through.[18]

With the ouster of Alvarez by Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as speaker in July 2018, the latter said that she preferred the elections pushing through.[19]

Results

Congress

The 18th Congress of the Philippines comprises the winners of this election, together with the winning candidates in the 2016 Senate election.

Senate
Main article: 2019 Philippine Senate election

Twelve seats in the Senate, or those seats that were first disputed in 1995, and were last up in 2013, were up for election.

The Hugpong ng Pagbabago, the alliance backed by Davao City mayor and presidential daughter Sara Duterte won nine of the seats up. The primary opposition coalition, Otso Diretso, failed to win any seats. Candidates from neither alliance won the other three seats.

 Summary of the May 13, 2019 Philippine Senate election results
#CandidateCoalition PartyVotes%
1.Cynthia VillarHNP Nacionalista25,283,72753.46%
2.Grace Poe Independent22,029,78846.58%
3.Bong GoHNP PDP–Laban20,657,70242.35%
4.Pia CayetanoHNP Nacionalista19,789,01941.84%
5.Ronald dela RosaHNP PDP–Laban19,004,22540.18%
6.Sonny AngaraHNP LDP18,161,86238.40%
7.Lito Lapid NPC16,965,46435.87%
8.Imee MarcosHNP Nacionalista15,882,62833.58%
9.Francis TolentinoHNP PDP–Laban15,510,02632.79%
10.Koko PimentelHNP PDP–Laban14,668,66531.01%
11.Bong RevillaHNP Lakas14,624,44530.92%
12.Nancy BinayUNA UNA14,504,93630.67%
13.JV EjercitoHNP NPC14,313,72730.26%
14.Bam AquinoOtso Diretso Liberal14,144,92329.91%
15.Jinggoy EstradaHNP PMP11,359,30524.02%
16.Mar RoxasOtso Diretso Liberal9,843,28820.81%
17.Serge Osmeña Independent9,455,20219.99%
18.Willie Ong Lakas7,616,26516.12%
19.Dong MangudadatuHNP PDP–Laban7,499,60415.86%
20.Jiggy ManicadHNP Independent6,896,88914.58%
21.Chel DioknoOtso Diretso Liberal6,342,93913.41%
22.Juan Ponce Enrile PMP5,319,29811.25%
23.Gary AlejanoOtso Diretso Liberal4,726,6529.99%
24.Neri ColmenaresLabor Win Makabayan4,683,9429.90%
25.Samira GutocOtso Diretso Liberal4,345,2529.19%
26.Romulo MacalintalOtso Diretso Independent4,007,3398.47%
27.Erin TañadaOtso Diretso Liberal3,870,5298.18%
28.Larry GadonKDP KBL3,487,7807.37%
29.Florin HilbayOtso Diretso Aksyon2,757,8795.83%
30.Freddie Aguilar Independent2,580,2305.46%
31.Glenn ChongKDP KDP2,534,3355.36%
32.Rafael Alunan III Bagumbayan2,059,3594.35%
33.Faisal MangondatoKKK Independent1,988,7194.20%
34.Agnes EscuderoKKK Independent1,545,9853.27%
35.Diosdado Padilla PFP1,095,3372.32%
36.Ernesto Arellano Independent937,7132.30%
37.Allan MontañoLabor Win Independent923,4192.25%
38.Leody de GuzmanLabor Win PLM893,5062.17%
39.Melchor ChavezWPP WPP764,4732.06%
40.Vanjie AbejoKKK Independent656,0062.00%
41.Edmundo CasiñoKDP KDP580,8531.97%
42.Abner AfuangWPP WPP559,0011.92%
43.Shariff Ibrahim AlbaniWPP WPP496,8551.87%
44.Dan RoledaUNA UNA469,8401.80%
45.Conrado GenerosoKKK Independent449,7851.75%
46.Nur-Ana SahidullaKDP KDP444,0961.68%
47.Abraham Jangao Independent434,6971.65%
48.Marcelino AriasWPP WPP404,5131.59%
49.Richard AlfajoraKKK Independent404,5131.57%
50.Sonny MatulaLabor Win, WPP WPP400,3391.50%
51.Elmer Francisco PFP395,4271.45%
52.Joan Sheelah NalliwKKK Independent390,1651.38%
53.Gerald ArcegaWPP WPP383,7491.30%
54.Butch ValdesKDP KDP367,8511.20%
55.Jesus CaceresKKK Independent358,4720.90%
56.Bernard Austria PDSP347,0130.70%
57.Jonathan Baldevarona Independent310,4110.67%
58.Emily MallillinKKK Independent304,2150.64%
59.Charlie GaddiKKK Independent286,3610.50%
60.RJ JavellanaKDP KDP258,5380.47%
61.Junbert GuigayumaWPP WPP240,3060.40%
62.Luther MenianoWPP WPP159,7740.30%
Total turnout47,296,44274.31%
Total votes362,179,156N/A
Registered voters63,643,263100.0%
Source: COMELEC

    House of Representatives
    Main article: 2019 Philippine House of Representatives elections
    Congressional district election results

    All seats in the House of Representatives were up for election.

    Parties associated with the current administration, such as PDP–Laban, the Nacionalista Party, National Unity Party and Partido Federal ng Pilipinas won a majority of the seats contested. Other allies of the Duterte administration, such as the Nationalist People's Coalition, Lakas–CMD and various local parties, also won many seats. The Liberal Party won 18 seats, and is to form the nucleus of the minority bloc.

    Congressional district elections
    PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
    PDP–Laban12,653,96031.22+29.3282+79
    Nacionalista Party6,524,10016.10+6.6842+18
    Nationalist People's Coalition5,797,54314.31−2.7337−5
    National Unity Party3,852,9099.51−0.1625+2
    Liberal Party2,321,7595.73−35.9918−97
    Lakas–CMD2,069,8715.11+3.5712+8
    Partido Federal ng Pilipinas965,0482.38New5New
    Hugpong ng Pagbabago652,3181.61New3New
    Aksyon Demokratiko398,6160.98−0.410
    Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino396,6140.98+0.771New
    Bukidnon Paglaum335,6280.83+0.482+1
    Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan259,4230.64New00
    Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino252,8060.62+0.3220
    United Nationalist Alliance232,6570.57−6.050−11
    Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod197,0240.49+0.351New
    Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan185,8100.46New2New
    Bileg Ti Ilokano158,5230.39New1New
    People's Reform Party138,0140.34New1New
    Unang Sigaw ng Nueva Ecija120,6740.30New00
    Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino116,4530.29New00
    Asenso Abrenio115,8650.29New1New
    Kambilan ning Memalen Kapampangan107,0780.26New00
    Padayon Pilipino98,4500.24−0.1000
    Asenso Manileño84,6560.21−0.2920
    Kusog Bicolandia82,8320.20New00
    Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines81,7410.20+0.161New
    Partido Navoteño80,2650.20New1New
    Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran65,8360.16−0.0310
    Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas56,2230.14New00
    Bagumbayan–VNP33,7310.08New00
    Kilusang Bagong Lipunan33,5940.08−0.4500
    Adelante Zamboanga Party28,6050.07New00
    Labor Party Philippines9,7180.02+0.0000
    Democratic Party of the Philippines1,1100.00New00
    Hugpong Surigao Sur8160.00New00
    Philippine Green Republican Party7010.00−0.0100
    Independent2,014,2114.97−0.862−2
    Party-list seats[lower-alpha 1]61+2
    Total40,525,182100.00–304+5
    Valid votes40,525,18286.34+2.37
    Invalid/blank votes6,411,95713.66−2.37
    Total votes46,937,139––
    Registered voters/turnout61,843,77175.90−5.76
    Source: COMELEC (Seats won), (Turnout and electorate)
    1. There were supposed to be 306 seats up, out of 245 districts and 61 party-seats. Elections at two districts were deferred after ballots were already printed using the old configuration. After the party-list seats were seated, the Supreme Court then ruled that one of the districts shall first disputed in the 2022 election, and that the results of the 2019 election using the old configuration stood. The Commission on Elections then ruled that for other district, the same ruling from the Supreme Court would also be followed. This reduced the number of congressional district seats to 243, and would have meant a reduction of one party-list seat, but that was no longer acted upon.
    Party-list election

    Pro-administration ACT-CIS Partylist topped the party-list election, winning the maximum three seats. The leftist opposition Bayan Muna also won the maximum three seats. Other members of the Party-List Coalition won most of the other seats. Some consistent winners in past party-list elections noticeably failed to win seats, such as Akbayan, Anakpawis and Butil Farmers Party.

    PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
    Anti-Crime and Terrorism Community Involvement and Support2,651,9879.51+9.173New
    Bayan Muna1,117,4034.01+2.143+2
    Ako Bicol Political Party1,049,0403.76−1.382−1
    Citizens' Battle Against Corruption929,7183.33+1.612+1
    Alyansa ng mga Mamamayang Probinsyano770,3442.76New2New
    One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals713,9692.56−1.4920
    Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman681,4482.44+2.122New
    Probinsyano Ako630,4352.26New2New
    Coalition of Association of Senior Citizens in the Philippines516,9271.85−1.201−1
    Magkakasama sa Sakahan Kaunlaran496,3371.78New1New
    Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives480,8741.72New1New
    Gabriela Women's Party449,4401.61−2.611−1
    An Waray442,0901.59−0.2310
    Cooperative NATCCO Party417,2851.50−0.571−1
    ACT Teachers395,3271.42−2.231−1
    Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association394,9661.42New1New
    Ako Bisaya394,3041.41New1New
    Tingog Sinirangan391,2111.40+0.751New
    Abono378,2041.36−0.901−1
    Buhay Hayaan Yumabong361,4931.30−1.051−1
    Duterte Youth354,6291.27New1New
    Kalinga-Advocacy for Social Empowerment and Nation Building Through Easing Poverty339,6651.22New10
    Puwersa ng Bayaning Atleta326,2581.17−1.241−1
    Alliance of Organizations Networks and Associations of the Philippines320,0001.15−0.1910
    Rural Electric Consumers and Beneficiaries of Development and Advancement318,5111.14New1New
    Bagong Henerasyon288,7521.04+0.1210
    Bahay para sa Pamilyang Pilipino281,7931.01New1New
    Construction Workers Solidarity277,9401.00+0.971New
    Abang Lingkod275,1990.99−0.4510
    Advocacy for Teacher Empowerment Through Action, Cooperation and Harmony Towards Educational Reforms274,4600.98−0.4910
    Barangay Health Wellness269,5180.97New1New
    Social Amelioration and Genuine Intervention on Poverty257,3130.92−0.311New
    Trade Union Congress Party256,0590.92−0.5210
    Magdalo para sa Pilipino253,5360.91+0.0510
    Galing sa Puso Party249,4840.89New1New
    Manila Teachers Savings and Loan Association249,4160.89+0.0610
    Rebolusyonaryong Alyansa Makabansa238,1500.85+0.381New
    Alagaan Natin Ating Kalusugan237,6290.85+0.261New
    Ako Padayon Pilipino235,1120.84New1New
    Ang Asosayon Sang Mangunguma Nga Bisaya-Owa Mangunguma234,5520.84−0.6910
    Kusug Tausug228,2240.82+0.0610
    Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Association223,1990.80+0.781New
    Talino at Galing ng Pinoy217,5250.78+0.511New
    Public Safety Alliance for Transformation and Rule of Law216,6530.78New1New
    Anak Mindanao212,3230.76−1.421−1
    Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines208,7520.75−1.0810
    LPG Marketers Association208,2190.75−0.6910
    OFW Family Club200,8810.72+0.091New
    Kabalikat ng Mamamayan198,5710.71−1.891−1
    Democratic Independent Workers Association196,3850.70−0.741New
    Kabataan195,8370.70−0.2310
    Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa191,8040.69New00
    Serbisyo sa Bayan Party180,5350.65−0.220−2
    Angkla: ang Partido ng mga Pilipinong Marino179,9090.65−0.390−1
    Akbayan173,3560.62−1.260−1
    Wow Pilipinas Movement172,0800.62New00
    Ina na Nagmamahal sa Anak170,0190.61New00
    You Against Corruption and Poverty167,8260.60−0.860−1
    Abante Mindanao166,8830.60−0.0500
    Butil Farmers Party164,4120.59−0.630−1
    Append158,0030.57New00
    Anakpawis146,5110.53−0.600−1
    Ang National Coalition of Indigenous People Action Na!144,2910.52−0.460−1
    Ang Nars141,2630.51−0.1700
    Partido ng Bayan and Bida136,0930.49New00
    Kasosyo Producer-Consumer Exchange Association134,7950.48New00
    Agri-Agra na Reporma para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas133,5050.48−2.100−2
    Acts Overseas Filipino Workers Coalition of Organizations131,8650.47−0.690−1
    Adhikaing Tinaguyod ng Kooperatiba131,3440.47+0.1000
    Ang Mata'y Alagaan128,2010.46−0.560−1
    1st Consumers Alliance for Rural Energy127,8670.46New0−1
    Murang Kuryente Partylist127,5300.46New00
    Una ang Edukasyon119,6460.43−0.430−1
    Philippine Educators Alliance for Community Empowerment119,2110.43New00
    Association of Lady Entrepreneurs113,1340.41New00
    Aangat Tayo109,9390.39−0.360−1
    Ako An Bisaya109,4630.39−0.1100
    Avid Builders of Active Nation's Citizenry Towards Empowered Philippines97,1140.35New00
    Alay Buhay Community Development Foundation94,3200.34−0.2400
    Global Workers and Family Federation89,7750.32−0.0400
    Confederation of Non-Stock Savings and Loan Associations88,0750.32−0.3400
    Abe Kapampangan83,3790.30New00
    National Association for Electricity Consumers for Reforms81,1410.29New00
    Philippine National Police Retirees Association79,8180.29New00
    Kilusang Maypagasa79,3580.28New00
    Joint Union of Active Nationalist Filipino Movement76,7690.28New00
    Tanggol Maralita76,4280.27−0.1500
    Ating Agapay Sentrong Samahan ng mga Obrero74,7220.27−0.640−1
    1 Alliance Advocating Autonomy Party74,4650.27New00
    Ang Kabuhayan74,2290.27−0.810−1
    Agbiag! Timpuyog Ilocano70,3180.25−0.490−1
    Abakada Guro69,2570.25−0.4200
    Alliance of Philippine Fishing Federations69,1380.25−0.4300
    Ang Laban ng Indiginong Filipino68,8050.25−0.7700
    Laang Kawal ng Pilipinas68,3330.25New00
    Sinag Tungo sa Kaunlaran61,6960.22+0.0300
    People's Champ Guardians60,4480.22New00
    Luntiang Pilipinas Partylist59,0960.21New00
    Grains Retailers Confederation of the Philippines58,5610.21New00
    Alliance of National Urban Poor Organization Assembly54,7670.20+0.1400
    Ako Bisdak-Bisayang Dako51,2280.18New00
    Kooperatiba-Kapisanan ng Magsasaka ng Pilipinas50,8890.18New00
    Union of Nationalistic Democratic Filipino Organization45,7100.16+0.0100
    Isang Lapian ng Mangingisda at Bayan Tungo sa Kaunlaran44,1810.16New00
    Ako Ayoko sa Bawal na Droga43,5830.16New00
    Barangay Natin40,8990.15+0.0500
    1-United Transport Koalisyon36,2850.13New00
    AMEPA OFW Access Center35,3730.13−0.2400
    Academicians Students and Educators Alliance Inc.32,4640.12−0.2700
    Arts, Business and Science Professionals31,3940.11−0.820−1
    Sulong Dignidad Party29,8300.11New00
    Kabalikat ng Nagkakaisang Manileño29,1870.10New00
    Parents Teacher Alliance28,9080.10New00
    Partido Lakas ng Masa28,8240.10New00
    Partido ng Manggagawa28,3510.10New00
    Movement for Economic Transformation and Righteous Opportunities28,2610.10−0.1900
    One Advocacy for Health Progress and Opportunity26,5640.10−0.0700
    Ang Tao Muna at Bayan25,9460.09+0.0000
    Alliance of Volunteer Educators25,0250.09−0.4000
    Awareness of Keepers of the Environment24,7800.09+0.0000
    One Unified Transport Alliance of the Philippines-Bicol Region22,9480.08New00
    One Philippines21,9740.08New00
    Partido Sandugo19,6490.07New00
    Pinagbuklod na Filipino para sa Bayan18,2970.07New00
    Federation of International Cable TV and Telecommunications Association of the Philippines16,0380.06−0.0500
    Tribal Communities Association of the Philippines15,7310.06−0.1000
    Tinderong Pinoy Party14,5800.05−0.0900
    Pilipinas para sa Pinoy13,8480.05New00
    Kaisahan ng mga Maliliit na Magsasaka12,0610.04−0.0900
    Noble Advancement of Marvelous People of the Philippines11,7510.04New00
    Filipino Family Party10,5890.04New00
    Alliance of Public Transport Organization8,8830.03New00
    Kamais Pilipinas (Kapatirang Magmamais ng Pilipinas)7,5710.03New00
    Sandigan ng mga Manggagawa sa Konstruksyon6,3440.02New00
    Total27,884,790100.00–61+2
    Valid votes27,884,79058.96−13.02
    Invalid/blank votes19,411,65241.04+13.02
    Total votes47,296,442––
    Registered voters/turnout63,643,26374.31−6.39
    Source: COMELEC

    Local
    Main article: 2019 Philippine local elections

    All totals as of the first quarter of 2018:[20]

    • All 81 provincial governors and vice governors, and all regular members of all of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan were up for election.
    • All 145 city mayors and vice mayors, and all regular members of all of the Sangguniang Panlungsod were up for election.
    • All 1,489 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and all regular members of all of the Sangguniang Bayan were up for election.

    The ex officio members of the local legislatures, who have been elected after the 2018 barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections, shall serve until January 1, 2023, after the barangay elections in May 2020 were postponed to December 2022.

    Changes are as compared to the 2016 local elections.

    Provincial-level
    Gubernatorial election results
    See also: 2019 Philippine gubernatorial elections
    Party Governor Vice governor Board members
    Total +/− Total +/− Boards outright
    controlled    		 Seats +/−
    PDP–Laban
    41 / 81
    		 +41
    32 / 81
    		 +30
    22 / 81
    263 / 1,023
    		 +257
    Nacionalista
    8 / 81
    		 −1
    11 / 81
    		 +2
    7 / 81
    116 / 1,023
    		 +52
    NUP
    8 / 81
    		 −1
    10 / 81
    		 +3
    4 / 81
    67 / 1,023
    		 −2
    NPC
    7 / 81
    		 −2
    6 / 81
    		 −4
    2 / 81
    90 / 1,023
    		 −17
    Liberal
    2 / 81
    		 −37
    5 / 81
    		 −34
    2 / 81
    54 / 1,023
    		 −280
    Lakas
    2 / 81
    		 +2
    2 / 81
    		 0
    1 / 81
    18 / 1,023
    		 +14
    UNA
    1 / 81
    		 −2
    3 / 81
    		 −2
    0 / 81
    9 / 1,023
    		 −38
    LDP
    0 / 81
    		 0
    0 / 81
    		 0
    0 / 81
    4 / 1,023
    		 +4
    Other parties
    9 / 81
    		 +3
    11 / 81
    		 +9
    7 / 81
    116 / 1,023
    		 +49
    Independent
    3 / 81
    		 −2
    0 / 81
    		 −6 —
    43 / 1,023
    		 −22
    Ex officio members —
    243 / 1,023
    		 0
    Totals 81 0 81 0 81 1,023 +4

    City- and municipal-level
    Mayoral election results
    Party Mayor Vice mayor Councilors
    Total +/− Total +/− Seats +/−
    PDP–Laban
    611 / 1,634
    		 +41
    547 / 1,634
    		 +30
    4,183 / 16,812
    		 +257
    Nacionalista
    252 / 1,634
    		 −1
    244 / 1,634
    		 +2
    2,009 / 16,812
    		 +52
    NPC
    172 / 1,634
    		 −2
    184 / 1,634
    		 −4
    1,413 / 16,812
    		 −17
    NUP
    125 / 1,634
    		 −1
    151 / 1,634
    		 +3
    990 / 16,812
    		 −2
    Lakas
    67 / 1,634
    		 +2
    66 / 1,634
    		 0
    514 / 16,812
    		 +14
    Liberal
    47 / 1,634
    		 −37
    62 / 1,634
    		 −34
    385 / 16,812
    		 −280
    UNA
    19 / 1,634
    		 −2
    20 / 1,634
    		 −2
    235 / 16,812
    		 −38
    LDP
    11 / 1,634
    		 0
    9 / 1,634
    		 0
    91 / 16,812
    		 +4
    Aksyon
    2 / 1,634
    		 0
    2 / 1,634
    		 0
    19 / 16,812
    		 0
    Other parties
    259 / 1,634
    		 +3
    232 / 1,634
    		 +9
    1,971 / 16,812
    		 +49
    Independent
    69 / 1,634
    		 −2
    117 / 1,634
    		 −6
    1,636 / 16,812
    		 −22
    Ex officio members —
    3,268 / 16,812
    		 0
    Totals 1,634 0 1,634 0 16,812 +4

    Glitches

    On May 13, the number of malfunctioned vote counting machines (VCMs) tripled compared to the 2016 election.[21] According to COMELEC spokesperson James Jimenez, 400–600 out of 85,000 VCMs across the country (representing 0.7%) encountered glitches. The machines were from the 2016 elections, and the COMELEC admitted that it could be because the machines are not new.[21]

    Faulty SD cards were also reported to be the cause of malfunction. The substandard ballot forms as well as markers that bleed ink are other causes of malfunction and anomalies. The COMELEC will probe the suppliers: Triplex Enterprises Incorporated for the ballot paper and marking pens and S1 Technologies Incorporated and Silicon Valley Computer Group joint venture for the SD cards.[22]

    Jimenez, however, said that the problems experienced were still within range of expected range of expectation, as problematic machines account for only less than 1 percent of total machines used.[23]

    There are reports of running out of ballots in a polling precinct in Alburquerque, Bohol; affected voters have waited for two hours before the extra ballots was delivered at 3pm.[24] At around 10, the COMELEC has experienced problems with the transparency server where the unofficial tally has been stuck for hours, with only 0.38% of polling precincts have managed to transmit the results.[25][26] But experts agree that the glitches don't necessarily mean cheating took place.[27] The transmission happened, according to PPCRV Chairperson Myla Villanueva. In an interview, Villanueva said that 'results were receiver by transparency server continuously, despite media temporarily not being able to see the results.' She added that 'most importantly, the ERs match with transmitted results.' [28]

    Despite the glitches, the random manual audits (RMA) conducted days after the elections show that the 2019 midterms yielded the highest rate of accuracy among the previous automated elections. Based on the 2019 RMA, the accuracy rate for the senatorial votes was at 99.9971 percent; for members of the House 99.9946 percent; and 99.9941 percent for mayor.[29]

    The COMELEC recorded at least 20 people have been killed in an election-related incidents and 43 incidents during the course of election campaign as of May 13,[30] most notably the killing of AKO Bicol congressman Rodel Batocabe on December 22, 2018.[31] There are reported violence during the election day: a shooting occurred at the polling center in Panglima Estino, Sulu where six have been injured.[32]

    Reaction

    In a Pulse Asia opinion poll dated June 24–30, 2019, 82% of those surveyed found the election to be believable while 82% said the release of the results were fast. Meanwhile, 10% of respondents found their names missing in the voters list, 4% of their registration was deactivated, 1% of the vote counting machine malfunctioned, as the issues in the election.[33]

    References
    1. "Article VI of the Constitution of the Philippines". COMELEC.gov.ph. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    2. "Republic Act No. 7166". COMELEC.gov.ph. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    3. Gagalac, Ron (October 3, 2018). "Comelec sets calendar for 2019 polls". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
    4. Patinio, Ferdinand. "'Trusted build' program for 2019 automated polls set Dec. 14". www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
    5. Patinio, Ferdinand. "Casquejo presents 'trusted build' file for 2019 polls to Comelec". www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
    6. Lagrimas, Nicole-Anne C. (February 1, 2018). "Comelec to purchase P2.12B worth of vote-counting machines used in 2016 for 2019 polls". GMA News. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
    7. Morallo, Audrey (October 11, 2017). "House votes to impeach Comelec Chairman Bautista". The Philippine Star. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
    8. Ager, Malia; Santos, Tina (October 11, 2017). "Comelec chair Andres Bautista resigns". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
    9. "BREAKING: Comelec Chair Bautista's resignation effective immediately – Malacañang". Rappler. October 23, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
    10. Ranada, Pia. "Sheriff Abas is new Comelec chairman". Rappler. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
    11. Sy, Marvin (May 24, 2018). "Comelec chief Sheriff Abas gets Commission on Appointments nod". philstar.com. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
    12. Esmaquel, Paterno II (May 30, 2018). "CA confirms Comelec Commissioner Socorro Inting". Rappler. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
    13. Esguerra, Anthony Q. (July 16, 2018). "Kho takes oath as new Comelec Commissioner". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
    14. Colcol, Erwin (January 3, 2018). "No elections in 2019 possible, says Alvarez". GMA News Online. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    15. Porcalla, Delon (July 12, 2018). "Speaker Alvarez proposes no-elections in 2019 for federalism". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    16. Ager, Maila (July 12, 2018). "Sotto: Congress may pass law to postpone 2019 polls". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    17. Ramirez, Robertzon (July 14, 2018). "Concom to Congress: Stop talking 'no-elections' in 2019". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 15, 2018.
    18. Ager, Maila (July 18, 2018). "Lacson: Senators to fight 'tooth and nail' against 'No-el' moves". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
    19. Cepeda, Mara (July 27, 2018). "Arroyo opposes proposal to scrap 2019 elections". Rappler. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
    20. "Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines". nap.psa.gov.ph. Archived from the original on April 13, 2012. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
    21. "Comelec admits vote counting machine issues tripled in 2019 polls". ABS-CBN News.
    22. "COMELEC to probe suppliers of defective markers, SD cards". Rappler.
    23. "Problem on VCMs within Comelec's 'range of expectations'". Manila Bulletin.
    24. "Bohol precinct runs out of ballots". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
    25. "Comelec server problem delays unofficial tallies". ABS-CBN News.
    26. "Comelec: Slow unofficial count due to 'technical issue'". Rappler.
    27. "Transmission glitches don't necessarily mean electoral fraud". Rappler.
    28. "For the record: Myla Villanueva". GMA News.
    29. "2019 RMA results show highest accuracy in 4 past elections". Manila Bulletin.
    30. "At least 20 killed in election-related violence since December 2018". Rappler.
    31. "Who is Rodel Batocabe?". Rappler.
    32. "6 wounded in shooting near voting center in Sulu". CNN Philippines. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
    33. "9 in 10 Filipinos want automated polls to continue — Pulse Asia". Philstar.
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