C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)

C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring), is an Oort cloud comet that was discovered by Donna Burton in 2007 at Siding Spring Observatory in New South Wales, Australia.[6] Siding Spring came within 1.2 astronomical units of Earth and 2.25 AU of the Sun on October 7, 2009.[1] The comet was visible with binoculars until January 2010.[6]

C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring)

WISE infrared image of C/2007 Q3 January 10, 2010[1]
Discovery
Discovered by	Donna Burton Siding Spring Survey 0.5-m Schmidt (E12)[2][3]
Discovery date	2007 August 25
Orbital characteristics
Epoch	2455014.5 (2009-Jul-02)
Orbit type	Oort cloud
Aphelion	~69,000 AU (inbound) ~15,000 AU (outbound)[4]
Perihelion	2.25166 AU (q)
Semi-major axis	~7,500 AU (outbound)[4] (a)
Eccentricity	1.0002077[5]
Orbital period	Millions of years (inbound) ~650,000 yr (outbound)[4]
Inclination	65.6504°
Last perihelion	October 7, 2009
Jupiter MOID	3.13 AU

Images of the comet taken in March 2010 by N.Howes using the Faulkes telescope, showed that the nucleus had fragmented.[7]

The comet has an observation arc of 1,327 days and was still being observed as of April 2011.[5] The orbit of a long-period comet is properly obtained when the osculating orbit is computed at an epoch after leaving the planetary region and is calculated with respect to the center of mass of the solar system. Using JPL Horizons, the barycentric orbital elements for epoch 2030-Jan-01 generate a semi-major axis of 7,500 AU, an apoapsis distance of 15,000 AU, and a period of approximately 650,000 years.[4]

Before entering the planetary region (epoch 1950), C/2007 Q3 had a calculated barycentric orbital period of ~6.4 million years with an apoapsis (aphelion) distance of about 69,000 AU (1.09 light-years).[4] The comet was probably in the outer Oort cloud for millions or billions of years with a loosely bound chaotic orbit until it was perturbed inward.[8]