CD1D

CD1D is the human gene that encodes the protein CD1d,[5] a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) family of glycoproteins expressed on the surface of various human antigen-presenting cells. They are non-classical MHC proteins, related to the class I MHC proteins, and are involved in the presentation of lipid antigens to T cells. CD1d is the only member of the group 2 CD1 molecules.

CD1D
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesCD1D, CD1A, R3, R3G1, CD1d molecule
External IDsOMIM: 188410 MGI: 107674 HomoloGene: 1337 GeneCards: CD1D
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

912

12479

Ensembl

ENSG00000158473

ENSMUSG00000028076

UniProt

P15813

P11609

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001766
NM_001319145
NM_001371761
NM_001371762
NM_001371763

NM_007639
NM_001379501
NM_001379502
NM_001379503

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001306074
NP_001757
NP_001358690
NP_001358691
NP_001358692

NP_031665
NP_001366430
NP_001366431
NP_001366432

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 158.18 – 158.19 MbChr 3: 86.9 – 86.91 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Biological significance

CD1d-presented lipid antigens activate a special class of T cells, known as natural killer T (NKT) cells, through the interaction with the T-cell receptor present on NKT membranes.[5] When activated, NKT cells rapidly produce Th1 and Th2 cytokines, typically represented by interferon-gamma and interleukin 4 production.

Nomenclature

CD1d is also known as R3G1

Ligands

Some of the known ligands for CD1d are:

CD1d tetramers

CD1d tetramers are protein constructs composed of four CD1d molecules joined together and usually fluorescently labelled, used to identify NKT cells or other CD1d-reactive cells. In particular, type I NKT cells and some type II NKT cells are stained by them. A differentiation of these two types can be obtained in human by using an antibody against the TCR Vα24 chain, which is specific of type I NKT cells.[10]

Although they are the most widely used of CD1d oligomers, sometimes CD1d dimers (two units) or pentamers (five units) are used instead.[10]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000158473 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028076 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "P15813 (CD1D_HUMAN)". Uniprot. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
  6. Franck, Richard W. (1 January 2012). "C-Galactosylceramide: Synthesis and Immunology". Comptes Rendus Chimie. 15 (1): 46–56. doi:10.1016/j.crci.2011.05.006. PMC 3293403. PMID 22408579.
  7. Bendelac, A; Savage PB; Teyton I (2007). "The Biology of NKT Cells". Annual Review of Immunology. 25 (1): 297–336. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141711. PMID 17150027.
  8. Zhou, D (August 2006). "The immunological function of iGb3". Current Protein & Peptide Science. 7 (4): 325–333. doi:10.2174/138920306778018007. PMID 16918447.
  9. J. Kerzerho; E. Yu; C. M. Barra; E. Alari-Pahissa; E. Girardi; Y. Harrak; P. Lauzurica; A. Llebaria; D. Zajonc; O. Akbari; A. R. Castaño (2012). "Structural and functional characterization of a novel non-glycosidic iNKT agonist with immunomodulatory properties". Journal of Immunology. 188 (5): 2254–2265. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1103049. PMC 3288653. PMID 22301545.
  10. Terabe, Masaki; Berzofsky, Jay A. (2008). "The Role of NKT Cells in Tumor Immunity". Adv Cancer Res. 101: 277–348. doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(08)00408-9. PMC 2693255. PMID 19055947.

Further reading

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