Calcutta Cricket and Football Club

Calcutta Cricket & Football Club (incorporated as Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers), popularly known by its abbreviations CC&FC or CCFC, is an Indian multi-sports club based in Kolkata, West Bengal. Founded in 1792 as a cricket institution,[1] the football and rugby sections were added when it merged with Calcutta Football Club (oldest football club in Asia, founded in 1872) in 1965.[2]

Calcutta Cricket & Football Club
Full nameCalcutta Cricket and Football Club
Short nameCCFC, CC&FC
Founded
  • 1792 (1792)
    (as Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers)
  • 1872 (1872)
    (as Calcutta Football Club)[note 1]
  • 1965 (1965)
    (as Calcutta Cricket & Football Club)[note 2]
GroundCC&FC Ground, Ballygunge
Calcutta FC Ground, Maidan
Capacity22,000
ChairmanSubrata Das
Head coachJamshid Nassiri
LeagueCalcutta Premier Division
WebsiteClub website

Rugby section of the club made CC&FC the oldest rugby institution founded outside the United Kingdom and Ireland.[3][4] Club's football section competes in the premier division of Calcutta Football League, fourth tier of the Indian football league system.[5] CC&FC is headquartered in Ballygunge, on 19/1 Gurusaday Dutt Road.[6][7]

History

Early years (1792–1950s)
Shield of CC&FC

The history of CC&FC dates back to 1792, when the club was established by the name of Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers, predominantly as a cricket institution in the East India Company rule in India.[8][9][10][11] It was founded as one of the earliest known gentlemen's clubs (founded for Europeans only)[12] in Calcutta, then capital of British India.[13][14][15] While incepted in 1872, Calcutta FC introduced rugby in the country.[16][17][18][19] Recent evidence in the form of an article published in the Hicky's Bengal Gazette, suggests the club (described as "Gentlemen of Calcutta Cricket Club") existed in 1780[20] – that would make it the oldest cricket club in the world.[note 3][21] By 1825, Calcutta Cricket Club established themselves as one of the formidable sides in Bengal Presidency, alongside British Army-operated cricket teams in India.[22] They later contributed in introducing and developing association football; Nagendra Prasad Sarbadhikari (founding father of football in India) taught the game to his classmates of prestigious Hare School compound in 1877, after observing British soldiers playing the game in Calcutta FC ground.[23][24][25][26]

The Eden Gardens in Calcutta, home of cricket in India.

When tournaments began and organized by the Indian Football Association (IFA), CC&FC enjoyed rivalries with another all-European team Dalhousie AC, and fully indigenous side Mohun Bagan AC.[27][28][29][30][31][32] The club soon emerged as one of the prestigious private members' club in Asia; By January 1873, nearly 137 members had enrolled, while European womens were granted membership in the first half of the 19th century.[3] The primary sport Rugby, later suffered because of the departure of British regiments.[3] Bicycle Polo division (now known as Cycle Polo) was formed in 1901–02, and being played since then in CC&FC.[3]

Later years (1950s–present)
Front view of the CC&FC building in Ballygunge

After acquiring the "Calcutta Football Club" (1872–77; 1884–1965) in 1965, the institution completed all the absorptions to introduce themselves under the name of Calcutta Cricket and Football Club (CC&FC).[22] Sports still being practised at the club include: cricket, football, field hockey, rugby, cycle polo, swimming, tennis, and bridge.[33] The football team competed in both the Premier Division A and B of Calcutta Football League. The club's cricket and football teams usually participated in their respective divisions as "Calcutta Cricket Club" for cricket and "Calcutta Football Club" for football.[34][35] Their hockey and rugby teams participate under the combined name of "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club".[36][37]

CC&FC has been hosting various tournaments, including Merchants' Cup (a corporate open tournament) since 1970s for both football and cricket.[38][39][40] Merchants' Cup in hockey hosted by the club until its discontinuation in 2005, while cricket tournaments at the club are being sponsored by Kolkata Knight Riders.[38] Other tournaments such as J. Thomas Cup in rugby, and Georgiadi 7s tournament are also hosted at the club ground.[41] In November 2017, the club organized their 225th anniversary celebration, marking the 225 years of cricket in India, with presence of noted international cricketers like Sunil Gavaskar, Saurav Ganguly, MS Dhoni, Yuvraj Singh, VVS Laxman, and Virat Kohli.[42][43] In June 2023, Indian Football Association made an official announcement of merger of the both Premier Division A and B of Calcutta Football League (CFL), ahead of 125th edition, and allowed CC&FC to compete in Group I.[5][44][45][46]

Departments

Cricket
Further information: History of cricket in India to 1918
Ground of the Calcutta Cricket Club, 15th Jan'y. 1861 H.M. 68th L.I. from Rangoon, versus the Calcutta Cricket Club, a lithograph after a watercolour by Percy Carpenter, depicting a visit by the 68th (Durham) Regiment of Foot (Light Infantry).

The club was founded as the "Calcutta Cricket Club Clippers" by British expatriates who had come over with the British East India Company.[47][48][49][50] Have been in existence since 1792,[3][51] it is the second oldest cricket club in the world after Marylebone Cricket Club.[10][52][53][54][55] On 23 February 1792, Madras Courier reported the schedule of a match between Calcutta Cricket Club and a team from Barrackpore, and the news was later highlighted by Irwin Rosenwater on The London Times.[56][57] The club later played in annual fixtures against numerous British regimental teams stationed in both Fort William and Barrackpur Cantonment.[58] According to The Bengal Hurkaru and Chronicle, they also played against other visiting teams, consisting of Etonians, Harrovians and alumni of both the Oxford and Cambridge University.[58]

During its earliest years of existence, the Calcutta Cricket Club played its home games near river Hooghly but it was not until 1841, when the institution got land to establish its home match venue.[56] On 19 April 1864, CC&FC was granted permission to build a pavilion at eastern end of the Eden Gardens.[56] There, a large pavilion of 125 feet by 25 feet was built out of Burma teak, modelled after pavilions of the Lord's Cricket Ground.[56] In 1889–90, the club came into limelight when Marylebone Cricket Club came to play in Calcutta by responding to the club's invitation, which was the first visit of a foreign team to play cricket in India.[56] In 1889–90 cricket season, another English team named "G. F. Vernon's XI", managed by George Vernon and captained by Martin Hawke, toured to Ceylon and India; played against Calcutta Cricket Club at the Eden Gardens on 23 December,[59][60] under the "Laws of Cricket" (prevailed in England at the time, including the compulsory follow-on and the recently introduced 5-ball over).[61][62][63] In 1892–93 cricket season, an English team led by Martin Hawke, came to India and played against Calcutta Cricket Club.[64][65][66]

In 1926–27 season during winter, CC&FC played the key role in bringing Marylebone Cricket Club, which was their second tour to India,[67][68][69][70][71] and MCC was then led by former England captain Arthur Edward Gilligan.[72][73][74] On 15 August 1950, then club president T. C. Longfield handed over the ownership of Eden Gardens to then Chief Minister of West Bengal, Bidhan Chandra Roy.[56] In December 1962, the club made history, when its members announced and conducted a 5-match series between Calcutta Cricket Club and Merchants' XI, introducing "limited over cricket format" (all were 20 overs).[56] It was later merged with the Calcutta Football Club (incorporated in 1872,[75][76] where both footballs — rugby and association were practised)[77][78][79] and the Ballygunge Cricket Club over the years to become the "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club" in 1965.[3] CC&FC is currently under the jurisdiction of Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB),[80][81] and competes in the CAB First Division League, J.C. Mukherjee T-20 Trophy, N.C. Chatterjee T-20 Trophy, and other regional tournaments.[82][83] Later in the 1970s, wooden pavilion of Calcutta was demolished, while the construction of the new club house (current headquarters of the CAB) began, which was named after Bidhan Chandra Roy.[56][84] Club's cricket section is currently headquartered in 19/1, Garcha 1st Lane, Ballygunge, Kolkata.[85]

Notable matches
Dates Match Venue Result Notes
23–25 December 1889 Calcutta Cricket Club v G. F. Vernon's XI Eden Gardens, Calcutta Vernon's XI won by 9 wickets [note 4][86]
5–6 January 1892 Calcutta Cricket Club v Lord Hawke's XI CCC Ground, Calcutta Lord Hawke's XI won by an innings and 83 runs [64]

Rugby union
Further information: Rugby union in India
Scene of a rugby match at the CFC ground in Calcutta, c. 1875 (from The Illustrated London News).
Trophy of the All India Rugby Cup, at the CC&FC.

In the British Raj, Rugby union was introduced and emerged as second most popular winter sport after association football. At the ground of CC&FC, first recorded match was played, on the Christmas day,[87][88] which paved the way for growth of the British sport in India, and foundation of "Calcutta Rugby Football Club" in January the following year by expats, former students of Rugby School and soldiers of the Royal East Kent Regiment – which was stationed in the 1870s.[89][90][91] In 1874, Calcutta Football Club joined the Rugby Football Union (RFU).[92][93][94][95][96][97] After departure of British troops, and recreational facilities became disbanded, club's rugby section was discontinued in 1878.[98] Members decided to keep the memory of the club alive by having the remaining 270 silver rupee coins in their bank vault melted down to be made into a trophy (the Calcutta Cup), which was then presented to the Rugby Football Union (described as "the best means of doing some lasting good for the cause of Rugby Football").[98] The sport came back at the CC&FC in 1884. In 1890, an inter-club tournament was incepted by the CC&FC, named Calcutta Rugby Union Challenge Cup (known simply as Calcutta Cup),[33] and its second division trophy was clinched by the club. Later in 2007, they emerged as runners-up in that tournament.[99]

I regret to say the Calcutta Football Club has ceased to exist, it being now found quite impossible to get sufficient men together to play even a scratch game…This being the case I proposed at a Meeting of the few remaining Members of the Club held on Tuesday last the 18th inst. as the best means of doing some lasting good for the cause of Rugby Football & as a slight memento of the Calcutta Club, that the Funds remaining to the credit of the Club should be devoted to the purchase of a Challenge Cup & presented to the Rugby Union.

— G. A. James Rothney (captain, honorary secretary and treasurer of the Calcutta FC), highlighting this in his letter to the Honorary Secretary and Treasurer of the Rugby Football Union, H. I. Graham Esq (dated 20 December 1877), on club's disfunction in 1877.[100]
83rd All India and South Asia Rugby Tournament hosted at the CC&FC ground in 2016

The club is also a regular participant of prestigious All India & South Asia Rugby Tournament, and hosted the championship on various occasions.[101][102][103] Women's rugby team of CC&FC also participate in that tournament.[104][105][106] The club also hosts Georgiadi Club Rugby Sevens tournament, in which CC&FC's men's and women's teams (known officially as CCFC Reds) compete.[107][108] In June 2013, CC&FC's affiliate club Hong Kong FC's rugby team "HKFC Vandals" toured to Kolkata and played against CCFC Reds.[109]

Football
CCFC main building in Ballygunge

Run by the British officials since its inception in 1872,[110] Calcutta Football Club became the first of the three European football clubs, others being Calcutta Rangers and Dalhousie AC.[111] They soon emerged as one of the leading football teams in the Bengal Presidency.[112] It was then consisting of European players, and enjoyed fierce rivalry predominantly with indigenous outfit Mohun Bagan.[113] Calcutta Football Club stayed away from Trades Cup, the country's first open football tournament because members felt that their "enjoyment of the sport would be impaired if they join the competitive fray", it was instrumental in instituting the Indian Football Association (IFA) in Calcutta very much on London lines.[3] The team for the first time was defeated by Mohun Bagan in 1923 in the return leg of CFL, but managed to clinch both the league and IFA Shield titles in that season.[114][115] Other rivals of the club were Mohammedan Sporting, Aryan and Dalhousie.[116][117]

Calcutta FC won the prestigious Calcutta Football League (CFL) eight times,[118] and the IFA Shield nine times[119] before merging to the Calcutta Cricket Club. In 2022, they roped in noted Indian-Iranian footballer Jamshid Nassiri as new head coach.[120]

Field hockey

CC&FC's hockey team is known as CCFC Gremlins,[121][122] and is affiliated with the Bengal Hockey Association (often shortened to 'Hockey Bengal').[123] Once consisting of Anglo-Indian players,[124][125] the team is currently participating in Calcutta Hockey League, and Beighton Cup (which is one of world's oldest field hockey tournaments).[126][127][128][129]

Tennis

Tennis as a racket sport in India, introduced by the Britishers and is an important sport, still being practiced within CCFC since 1920s.[130][131] One of the earliest tennis grass courts were installed within club grounds in Ballygunge.[130] The club clinched Ballygunge Cricket Club Open Lawn Tennis Championship title in 1929.[130] Editions of Prestigious Bengal Lawn Tennis Championships (incorporated in 1887) were organized by the CCFC.[130]

List of tennis captains of CCFC[130]

  • 1974–1980: Debu Ghose
  • 1980–1984: Prakash Dayal
  • 1984–1989: Bikram Das
  • 1989–1990: Sumanta Bannerjee
  • 1990–1991: Prodosh Kumar Sen
  • 1991–1994: Rajat Dutta
  • 1994–1997: Azam Monem
  • 1997–1998: S. R. Dutt
  • 1998–1999: Jaggi Minotra
  • 1999–2000: Bikram Das
  • 2000: Ranjan Mukherjee
  • 2000–2003: Pradeep Guhathakurta
  • 2003–2004: Nandan Kumar Chaudhuri
  • 2004–2005: Babul Mitter
  • 2005–2006: Rajat Dutta
  • 2006–2008: Naresh Ojha
  • 2008–2009: Chittapriyo Bose
  • 2009–2011: Vivek Bhasin
  • 2011–2012: Sunny Uthup
  • 2012–2014: Shantanu Tewary
  • 2014–2015: Daniel Ghaznavi
  • 2015–2016: Rajeev Ghosh

Other sports

Other individual and team sports being played in CC&FC are including golf, bridge, cycle polo, volleyball, table tennis, swimming, badminton, and darts.[132][133] Their polo team participated in editions of Laxmibilas Cup in Kolkata,[134] while volleyball team takes part in Elliot Shield State Volleyball Championship.[135] The club also won 4th edition of Monsoon League Bridge Tournament hosted by Tollygunge Club.[132] CC&FC also hosts and participate in Inter-club Darts Championship.[136]

Home ground

There was absence of permanent venue for CC&FC. In earlier days, they used grounds in Esplanade, parallel with grounds on the bank of river Hooghly, between Fort William and Government House.[3] In 1825, 'Sketch of the Maidan' was done by the club, and in 1841, they were allowed to enclose the ground. The club used eastern end of the Eden Gardens (then known as 'Auckland Circus Gardens') from 1860s until shifting their base to Ballygunge in 1950s.[22][137]

Cricket being played by Europeans, an undated photograph of Calcutta Cricket Club ground.

The club later played its home games at the Calcutta FC ground in Kolkata Maidan, now known as Mohun Bagan Ground.[138] It was used as venue of the 1954 edition of Quadrangular Series.[139][140] The present CC&FC Ground is situated in Ballygunge, which serves as one of the venues for prestigious Ranji Trophy matches.[141][142][143][144]

Notable players and members
Main entrance to the CCFC club tent of football section (in left), beside the club tent of Mohun Bagan Athletic Club in Kolkata Maidan area.

Noted players

Rugby

Noted members

I have the most cherished memories of the Club from way back in 1978 when I became a young member... I would really want to map this Club on a Worldwide basis as some great Cricket establishments are not aware of CC&FC's grand and redoubtable legacy, by sheer weight of its long-established heritage and tradition the CC&FC’s existence for more than two and a quarter centuries speaks for itself...

— Arun Lal (former Indian international cricketer), on his CC&FC and his career.[20]

A large number of notable athletes are associated with the club, including:

Lal at the CC&FC in September 2017, wearing the jersey of club's "celebrating 225 years".

Notable presidents

Honours

As Calcutta FC

As Calcutta FC

Rugby
The "Other Calcutta Cup" trophy at CC&FC building, won by the club in 2005.

Tennis
  • Ballygunge Open Lawn Tennis Championship

Bridge
  • Monsoon League Inter-Club Bridge Tournament
    • Champions (1): 2021[41]

Affiliations and services

CC&FC has reciprocal arrangements with over 25 private members clubs around the world, enabling members to use facilities, including notable clubs such as Kowloon Cricket Club and Hong Kong FC of Hong Kong, Penang Sports Club of Malaysia, Royal Bangkok Sports Club of Thailand, Singapore Cricket Club of Singapore, Wanderers Club of South Africa, St James's Club of England, and Singhalese Sports Club of Sri Lanka.[192]

As one of the prestigious and notable gentlemen's clubs, besides sporting activities, CC&FC offers numerous modern facilities to its members and others, including gymnasium, cultural events and cuisines.[193][194] The club complex in Ballygunge is consisting of centenary hall, sporting library, swimming pool, glassed balcony-bar, and sporting grounds.[193] There is also a mini museum of club memorabilia within CC&FC, having jerseys and signed photographs of Stanley Matthews, George Best, Franz Beckenbauer, Gavin Hastings, alongside colonial antiquities.[195][193]

See also

Footnotes
  1. The date refers to the foundation of the Calcutta Football Club in 1872
  2. The date refers to the original Calcutta Cricket Club established in 1792, before merging to the Calcutta F.C. (1872–1965) in 1965 to form the current club.
  3. As per the Bengal Gazette, 16 December 1780; Hobbes, John Barley Corn Bahadur, 436–7. The Bengal Gazette entry indicates the world's first cricket club was started in Bengal, the Marylebone Cricket Club of London, being founded in 1787.
  4. At the time, "first-class" was a term in common usage but it was not yet an official standard. It was formally defined in the May 1894 meeting at Lord's of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and the county clubs which were then competing in the County Championship. The ruling was effective from the beginning of the 1895 season
  5. Fourth oldest football tournament, organized by the IFA (W.B.), and played between the local clubs of West Bengal and other invited ones.
  6. In the final of All India Rugby Football Tournament on 22 October 1932, held in Madras, CCFC lost to Ceylonese Rugby & Football Club.

References

General sources

  1. Some, Aritra (12 October 2020). "২৩০ বছর পেরিয়ে, কেমন আছে 'ক্যালকাটা ক্রিকেট ক্লাব'?" [India's first Cricket club is situated in Kolkata]. prohor.in (in Bengali). Prohor. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  2. Hor, Sandip (2010). "Indian Link — The City of Wonders". indianlink.com.au. Archived from the original on 4 April 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
  3. "History of the club". ccfc1792.com. Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. Archived from the original on 28 May 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  4. Tony Collins (2006). "Schism 1893–1895". Rugby's great split: class, culture and the origins of rugby league football (2nd ed.). Routlage. ISBN 0-415-39616-6. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023.
  5. "Calcutta Football League (CFL) goes bigger than ever for its historic 125th season". thefangarage.com. Kolkata: The Fan Garage. 5 June 2023. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  6. Chakraborty, Saionee (8 November 2021). "Deepankar Nandi on leading CC&FC from the front". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  7. "India — Calcutta Cricket and Football Club — Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos". int.soccerway.com. Soccerway. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  8. Gupta, Sujoy (1 January 2002). Seventeen Ninety Two: A History of the Calcutta Cricket & Football Club. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket & Football Club. p. 180. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023.
  9. Alam, Dhrubo (16 July 2018). "Kick, Score, Scream! The History of Football in Dhaka". Dhaka: Ice Today. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  10. "BCCI: Cricket in India — History". bcci.tv. Board of Control for Cricket in India. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  11. Sengupta, Somnath (24 April 2012). "Legends Of Indian Football: The Pioneers". thehardtackle.com. The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  12. "Board of Control for Cricket in India — History of cricket in India". icc-cricket.com. International Cricket Council. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  13. "OUR SPORTSMEN". 123india.com. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
  14. Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (2008). "Football in Bengali culture and society: a study in the social history of football in Bengal 1911–1980". Shodhganga. University of Calcutta. p. 35. hdl:10603/174532. Archived from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  15. Majumdar, Boria (2018). Eleven Gods and a Billion Indians: The On and Off the Field Story of Cricket in India and Beyond. Noida: Simon & Schuster India. ISBN 9789386797186.
  16. Hassan Niru, Mahabubul (7 July 2013). "আমাদের ফুটবলের বেলা অবেলা কালবে‍লা" [Days and moments of our football]. mahaneebas.wordpress.com (in Bengali). Dhaka, Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 6 April 2014. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  17. Drennan, Jonathan (16 May 2020). "The rugby club in Kolkata that has given hope to 3,500 street children". thegurdian.com. London: The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  18. Majumdar, Boria, Bandyopadhyay, Kausik (1 February 2006). Goalless: The Story of a Unique Footballing Nation. New Delhi: Penguin India. ISBN 9780670058747. Archived from the original on 8 April 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. Bath, Richard (ed.) The Complete Book of Rugby. Seven Oaks Ltd. 1997. ISBN 1-86200-013-1 (archived 6 October 2023).
  20. Bose, Reshmi. "CCFC − 225 AND STILL COUNTING". wotweb.com. Kolkata: Window On Travel. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  21. Majumdar, B. (2006). "Cricket in colonial Bengal (1880–1947): A lost history of nationalism". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 23 (6): 960–990. doi:10.1080/09523360600802562. S2CID 216152701. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  22. Chakraborty, Ajanta (30 July 2013). "World's oldest sports club to go to ballot box for the first time in 221 years". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Kolkata: The Times of India. TNN. Archived from the original on 2 August 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  23. "History in Timeline of Indian Football — Calcutta FC the first club to be established in 1872". the-aiff.com. New Delhi: All India Football Federation. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  24. Majumdar, Rounak (22 April 2019). "The Golden Years of Indian Football". chaseyoursport.com. Kolkata: Chase Your Sport. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  25. Pillai, Manu S (8 June 2018). "How football kicked off in India | As with the English language, when the British transported the sport to India, they didn't expect the 'natives' to beat them at it". lifestyle.livemint.com. Delhi, India: Livemint Delhi. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  26. Waris, Sarah (25 January 2020). "Nagendra Prasad — The father of Indian football who removed prejudice from the sport". thebridge.in. Kolkata: The Bridge. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  27. Mukherjee, Anita. "MOHUN BAGAN VILLA – GONE, BUT NOT FORGOTTEN". Breathing Roots. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  28. Sengupta, Somnath (2 May 2010). "History Of Mohun Bagan (Part 1): The Success That Changed Indian Football". The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 25 October 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  29. Shah, Manasi (19 June 2022). "A burnt-down football club and a 121-year-old legacy the flames couldn't touch". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 26 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
  30. Ajantrik (8 March 2015). "Dalhousie Institute, Hare Street, Calcutta, 1865". puronokolkata.com. Kolkata: Purono Kolkata. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  31. Chakraborty, Debojyoti (29 August 2017). "WHEN EASTERN RAILWAY RAN ON FULL STEAM (1958)". www.goaldentimes.org. Goalden Times. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  32. Guha, Chandak (5 September 2019). "ইংরেজরাও ভয় পেত বাংলার প্রথম কিংবদন্তি ফুটবল কোচকে" [The Englishmen too feared Bengal's legendary first football coach]. bongodorshon.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Bongodorshon Information Desk. Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  33. "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club history". ccfc1792.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  34. "IFAWB Clubs: Men's Division (Calcutta Football League)". ifawb.org. Indian Football Association. Archived from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  35. "First Division". Cricket Association of Bengal. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  36. "Schedule". Hockey Bengal. Archived from the original on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  37. "Clubs". Rugby India. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  38. Ninan, Susan (3 July 2020). "Sport, interrupted: After 228 years, Kolkata's storied CC&FC laid low by lockdown". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  39. Deb, Rwitoban (26 May 2006). "TT Merchants' Cup — Airtel win big". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  40. Deb, Rwitoban (15 May 2016). "The football feast at the CC&FC kicks off to a great start". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  41. "PRESIDENT'S CORNER — Mr. Deepankar Nandi". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata. 10 October 2022. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
  42. "Galaxy of stars to take part in charity evening of CC&FC". sportstar.thehindu.com. Kolkata: Sportstar. Press Trust of India. 21 September 2017. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  43. "Cricket & anecdotes". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 19 November 2017. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  44. TNN (31 May 2023). "CFL Premier Div 'A' & 'B' to be merged". The Times of India. Kolkata. Archived from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  45. Chakraborty, Sanghamitra (5 June 2023). "Calcutta Football League: মোহনবাগান-মহমেডানের গ্রুপে অভিষেকের ক্লাব, ইস্টবেঙ্গলের গ্রুপে ভবানীপুর" [Calcutta Football League: Debutant club in Mohun Bagan-Mohammedan group, Bhavanipur in East Bengal group]. TV9 Bangla (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  46. Biswas, Koushik (5 June 2023). "Calcutta Football League : বাজল কলকাতা ফুটবল লিগের ঘণ্টা, কঠিন গ্রুপে মোহনবাগান" [Calcutta Football League: Bell of Calcutta Football League rings, Mohun Bagan in tough group]. Ei Samay (in Bengali). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  47. "Timeline of Bangladesh Cricket". Bangladesh Cricket. Archived from the original on 11 June 2010. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
  48. Dass, Jarmani (1969). Maharaja; lives and loves and intrigues of Indian princes: Volume 56 of Orient paperbacks. Allied Publishers. p. 342. Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  49. Carey, W. H. (1882). 1882 – The Good Old Days of Honourable John Company. Simla: Argus Press. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015.
    • Altham, H. S. (1962). A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914). George Allen & Unwin.
    • Birley, Derek (1999). A Social History of English Cricket. Aurum.
    • Bowen, Rowland (1970). Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development. Eyre & Spottiswoode.
    • Major, John (2007). More Than A Game. HarperCollins.
  51. "Cricket — Some dates". Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. in Indian cricket history, Wisden 1967 on ESPN Crickinfo.
  52. Pandita, Nirtika (5 August 2022). "The oldest Cricket Clubs in the world | The pride of sport and the spirit are still alive". buzztribe.news. Buzztribe News. Archived from the original on 19 October 2022. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  53. Altham, H. S. (1962). A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914). London: George Allen & Unwin. ASIN B0014QE7HQ.
  54. Birley, Derek (1999). A Social History of English Cricket. London: Aurum Press Ltd. ISBN 978-18-54107-10-7.
  55. Bowen, Rowland (1970). Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. ISBN 978-04-13278-60-9.
  56. Banerjee, Joydeep; Karmakar, Rajat (21 November 2013). "আনাচে–কানাচে: ময়দান ও ক্লাব | ক্যালকাটা ক্রিকেট অ্যান্ড ফুটবল ক্লাব (সিসিএফসি)" [Maidan & Club: Calcutta Cricket and Football Club (CCFC)]. archives.anandabazar.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Anandabazar Patrika. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
  57. "Chronology of Important Sports Events — West Bengal". wbsportsandyouth.gov.in. Kolkata: Government of West Bengal (Department of youth services and sports). 2017. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  58. Mitra, Sarbajit (22 October 2023). "A Cricket Match in Bengal's Chinsurah and its Fascinating Connection to the 1857 Revolt". thewire.in. Kolkata: The Wire. Archived from the original on 22 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
  59. "Tour Itinerary: G. F. Vernon's XI, 1889–90". CricketArchive. Archived from the original on 31 October 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  60. "Cricket in India: From the Pioneer Mail". Archived from the original on 7 September 2022. archive.acscricket.com, issue 232. 27 March 1890. p. 36.
  61. "Pavilion Gossip". archive.acscricket.com (issue 202) 21 March 1889. p. 42. Archived from the original on 4 September 2022.
  62. "Miscellaneous Matches played by Thomas Tapling". cricketarchive.com. Cricket Archive. Archived from the original on 4 September 2022. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  63. "Tour Itinerary: G. F. Vernon's XI, 1889–90". CricketArchive. Archived from the original on 31 October 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  64. "Lord Hawke's Team in India". Cricket: 55. 23 April 1893. Archived from the original on 21 June 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  65. Coldham, James P. (1989). F. S. Jackson: A Cricketing Biography. Ramsbury, Wiltshire: Crowood Press. pp. 66–77. ISBN 1-85223-147-5.
  66. "Mumbai, December 22–24, 1892, Lord Hawke's XI tour of Ceylon and India". Cricinfo. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  67. "Sports of West Bengal — Cricket". wbsportsandyouth.gov.in. Kolkata: Government of West Bengal – Department of youth services and sports. 2017. Archived from the original on 9 July 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
  68. "Arthur Gilligan (Obituary)". Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. London: John Wisden & Co. 1977. Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  69. "Obituary: Mr Arthur Gilligan". The Times. London. 7 September 1976. p. 14. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  70. "Player Oracle AER Gilligan". CricketArchive. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  71. "Arthur Gilligan (Bowler of the Year)". Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. London: John Wisden & Co. 1924. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2012.
  72. Bose, Mihir (2006). The magic of Indian cricket : cricket and society in India. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-35691-6.
  73. Oborne, Peter (2004). Basil D'Oliveira. Cricket and Conspiracy: The Untold Story. London: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-72572-9.
  74. Marshall, Michael (1987). Gentlemen and Players: Conversations with Cricketers. London: Grafton Books. ISBN 978-0-246-11874-5.
  75. Upadhyay, Somesh (22 December 2010). "Indian Football : Ah! Those golden days..." sportskeeda.com. Sportskeeda. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  76. "History in Timeline of Indian Football". the-aiff.com. All India Football Federation. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  77. Shah, Manasi (19 June 2022). "A burnt-down football club and a 121-year-old legacy the flames couldn't touch". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 26 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
  78. Wadwha, Arjun (19 May 2008). "History of Football in India". thesportscampus.com. TheSportsCampus. Archived from the original on 25 August 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  79. Andrew Flint (11 November 2015). "A Tale of One City: Kolkata". These Football Times. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  80. "The Cricket Association of Bengal: First Division Clubs". cricketassociationofbengal.com. Kolkata: Cricket Association of Bengal. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  81. "Early History of Bengal Cricket leading to the formation of the Cricket Association of Bengal in 1928". cricketassociationofbengal.com. The Cricket Association Of Bengal (CAB). Archived from the original on 23 December 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  82. "First Division". Cricket Association of Bengal. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
  83. "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club in a spot". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 21 March 2023. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  84. অযান্ত্রিক (18 June 2014). "Calcutta Armenians, Calcutta, c. 1660". puronokolkata.com. Purono Kolkata. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  85. "CALCUTTA — CRICKET CLUBS — Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB)". calcuttayellowpages.com. Calcutta Yellow Pages Calcutta. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  86. "Calcutta Cricket Club v G. F. Vernon's XI". CricketArchive. Archived from the original on 4 September 2022. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  87. Bath, Richard (1997). The Complete Book of Rugby. Seven Oaks Limited. p. 68. ISBN 1-86200-013-1. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023.
  88. "The Story of the Calcutta Cup". keithprowse.co.uk. Keith Prowse. 11 March 2019. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  89. Milne, Alex; Crump, James (8 February 2020). "Why is England vs Scotland called the Calcutta Cup? Six Nations 2020 clash explained". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  90. "The History of the Calcutta Cup". scottishrugby.org. Scottish Rugby Union (SRU). Archived from the original on 3 February 2021.
  91. Johnson, Ben. "The Calcutta Cup". historic-uk.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  92. "The Story of the Calcutta Cup". keithprowse.co.uk. Keith Prowse. 11 March 2019. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  93. Johnson, Ben. "The Calcutta Cup". historic-uk.com. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  94. "History of the Calcutta Cup". englandrugby.com. Rugby Football Union (RFU). 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
  95. Staff Reporter (25 September 2016). "Rahul's rugby dreams". The Telegraph. ABP. Archived from the original on 30 September 2016. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  96. "Rugby in India thriving with international help". zimbio.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
  97. Collins, Tony (2009). A Social History of English Rugby Union. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-47660-7. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023.
  98. Johnson, Ben (1 May 2016). "The birth of Calcutta Cup". history-uk.com. London: The History United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  99. Hyde, Nick (6 August 2007). "FUTURE HOPE HARLEQUINS RETAIN CALCUTTA CUP". scrum.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2007. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  100. "FROM THE VAULTS — IN 1877 THE RFU WERE SENT A LETTER…". worldrugbymuseum.com. 6 March 2017. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  101. Banerjee, Manik (19 September 2019). "Kolkata's CC&FC to host top Rugby Championships from Sept 21". indiablooms.com. Kolkata: India Blooms News Service. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
  102. "All India & South Asia Rugby Tournament: Teams". rugbyasia247.com. Rugby Asia 24/7. 19 September 2019. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  103. Chatterjee, Arup (13 September 2012). "The big guns boomed at CC&FC on Thursday, knocking out their challengers to set up a repeat of last year's final at the All India & South Asia Rugby Championship". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Kolkata: The Times of India. TNN. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
  104. "India gets its first taste of fifteens". scrumqueens.com. Scrum Queen. 2 September 2016. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  105. "Odisha Women's Team Wins 1st All India Rugby 15s Tournament". Incredible Orissa. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  106. Deb, Rwitoban (16 October 2016). "Rugby — Men, women and a sport called rugby". No. The Telegraph T2. ABP. Archived from the original on 27 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
  107. "Georgiadi Club Rugby Sevens 2019". rugbyasia247.com. Rugby Asia 24/7. 30 July 2019. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  108. Dutta, Rangan. "The Calcutta version of Calcutta Cup". Archived from the original on 16 October 2021. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  109. "Oh Calcutta!!! — vandals 2013 tour" (PDF). hkfc.com. Hong Kong Football Club. 2 June 2013. pp. 14–16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  110. Schöggl, Hans (2000). "India — List of Foundation Dates". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  111. Mukhopadhyay, Atreyo (4 May 2019). "When Swami Vivekananda claimed seven wickets and other Eden Gardens tales". newindianexpress.com. Kolkata: The New Indian Express. Express News Service. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  112. "FOOTBALL IN BENGAL". ifawb.com. The Indian Football Association (West Bengal). Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
  113. Pillai, Manu S (8 June 2018). "How football kicked off in India | As with the English language, when the British transported the sport to India, they didn't expect the 'natives' to beat them at it". lifestyle.livemint.com. Delhi, India: Livemint Delhi. Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  114. "Mohun Bagan Ratna — Late Balaidas Chatterjee to receive the award posthumously". www.mohunbaganac.com. Mohun Bagan Athletic Club. 26 July 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  115. "Mohun Bagan Athletic Club: Umapati Kumar". mohunbagangorbo.com. Kolkata. Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  116. Majumdar, Rounak (22 April 2019). "The Golden Years of Indian Football". www.chaseyoursport.com. Kolkata: Chase Your Sport. Archived from the original on 7 November 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  117. "History of Mohun Bagan – Presented by MohunBaganClub.com  • The Beginning: 1889–1909". mohunbaganclub.com. Kolkata. Archived from the original on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
  118. Chaudhuri, Arunava. "List of champions of the Calcutta Football League 1898–2007". indianfootball.de. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  119. Chaudhuri, Arunava (1999). "List of Winners/Runners-Up of the IFA-Shield". indianfootball.de. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  120. "উত্তম, রিকির হ‍্যাটট্রিক, সিএফসির ৮ গোল, জিতল কালীঘাট, পাঠচক্র" [Hat-trick done by Uttam and Ricky, CCFC scored 8 goals, wins for both Kalighat and Pathachakra]. insidesports.in (in Bengali). Kolkata: ইনসাইড স্পোর্টস. 14 August 2022. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  121. "Calcutta Hockey League Competition — Fixtures of 1st Division Group B 2022". hockeybengal.org. Kolkata: The Hockey Bengal. 23 March 2022. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  122. "Calcutta Hockey League Competition — Fixtures of 1st Division Group A 2022" (PDF). hockeybengal.org. Kolkata: The Hockey Bengal. 13 February 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
  123. Roy, Mohit (31 January 2023). "আমরা হকিতেও ছিলাম, পেট্রোরসায়ন শিল্পেও ছিলাম — সবই এখন অতীত" [We were in hockey, we were in the petrochemical industry — all in the past]. anandabazar.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Anandabazar Patrika. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
  124. Alikhan, Anvar (14 August 2016). "How the Anglo-Indian community created two No 1 hockey teams". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. The Times of India (Sunday Times). Times News Network. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  125. Mills, Megan S. (2001). "A most remarkable community: Anglo-Indian contributions to sport in India". Contemporary South Asia. Routledge. 10 (2): 223–236. doi:10.1080/09584930120083828. S2CID 145742265. (Published online: "Routledge Contemporary South Asia"; 1 July 2010).
  126. "Beighton Cup". hockeybengal.com. Hockey Bengal. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  127. "Prestigious Beighton Cup Revived After Three Years, 124th Edition Will Be Held From December 11–18". Hockey Passion. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  128. "Beighton Cup". Bharatiya Hockey. Archived from the original on 12 June 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  129. Mandapaka, Ravi Teja (25 October 2012). "From the Beighton and Aga Khan Cup to the HIL". Sportskeeda. Archived from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  130. "HISTORY OF BALLYGUNGE CRICKET CLUB / CCFC — TENNIS SECTION". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016.
  131. Robertson, Max (1974). The encyclopedia of tennis. London: Allen and Unwin. p. 392. ISBN 0-04-796042-6. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022.
  132. "CCFC 1792 — Others — Bridge". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016.
  133. Mukherjee, Shayani (26 September 2016). "CCFC celebrates 225 years of its existence with glory and pride". millenniumpost.in. Kolkata: The Millennium Post India. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  134. "CCFC Win Big in Polo". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 31 May 2000. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  135. "SAI win big Elliot Shield State volleyball Golf meet". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 16 April 2004. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  136. "IN THE CITY 28-07-2003 — Darts Meet". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 28 July 2003. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  137. Bag, Shamik (27 December 2010). "The uncommon green | In the heart of Kolkata, the Maidan is a great level playing field". espncricinfo.com. Kolkata: ESPN. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  138. Basu, Goutamranjan (29 July 2020). "মোহনবাগান এবং ভারতীয় ফুটবলের শুরুর কথা" [Mohun Bagan and the beginning of Indian football]. meghbangla.com (in Bengali). Kolkata: Megh Bangla Internet Magazine. Archived from the original on 5 April 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  139. Morrison, Neil (1999). "Asian Quadrangular Tournament (Colombo Cup) 1952–1955: 1954 (Calcutta, India)". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 20 August 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
  140. "CALCUTTA FOOTBALL LEAGUE – OFFICER'S CHOICE BLUE TO BE THE TITLE SPONSOR". Football News India. 4 August 2015. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  141. "Ranji Trophy: Mizoram lead Nagaland by 75 runs on day 2". morungexpress.com. Dimapur: Morung Express. 28 January 2020. Archived from the original on 29 January 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  142. "Ranji Trophy: Mizoram Trailing Nagaland By 235 Runs". easternmirrornagaland.com. Dimapur: Eastern Mirror News Nagaland. 27 January 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  143. "Ranji Trophy 2021–22: Manipur trail by 24 runs on Day 1". thesangaiexpress.com. Kolkata: The Sangai Express. 17 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  144. Raj, Pratyush (13 December 2022). "Ranji Trophy: In quest of all-rounders". indianexpress.com. Kolkata: The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 18 April 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  145. "THE CALCUTTA CUP: the legacy of a club that died" (PDF). srustaging.realise.com. London: Edinburgh Academical Football Club. 20 February 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  146. "Scotland v England at Edinburgh, March 27, 1871". ESPNscrum. Archived from the original on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  147. "The first international rugby match". BBC. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
  148. "Stephen Finney Profile". espnscrum.com. ESPN Scrum. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 15 March 2011.
  149. "Rugby history — Everything you need to know about the Calcutta Cup". world.rugby. London: World Rugby. 6 July 2020. Archived from the original on 30 June 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  150. "HISTORY OF THE CALCUTTA CUP — Ahead of England's Guinness Six Nations fixture against Scotland, look back at the origins of the Calcutta Cup". englandrugby.com. London: The England Rugby Association. 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 June 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2022.
  151. "IN THE CITY 05-03-2014 — Felicitation". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 5 March 2014. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  152. "Chuni Goswami: A legend in every sense of the word". theweek.in. The Week. Archived from the original on 26 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  153. Sengupta, Somnath (30 January 2012). "Legends Of Indian Football : Shyam Thapa". thehardtackle.com. The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  154. Mergulhao, Marcus (21 April 2020). "Kiyan ready to shoulder Nassiri burden". timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Panaji, Goa: The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  155. "Punya Datta". ESPN Crickinfo. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  156. "Dilip Doshi profile". Archived from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  157. "Ashok Gandotra profile". Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  158. "Devang Gandhi profile". Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  159. "Arun Lal profile". Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  160. "Pranab Roy profile". Archived from the original on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
  161. "Enrico Piperno profile". Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  162. "Calcutta Cricket and Football Club — Past Presidents". ccfc1792.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  163. Mukherji, Raju (2015). Eden Gardens Legend & Romance. Brandnext. p. 106. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023.
  164. Zaman, Ali. "Down memory lane: the Lagden Gate". Koi-Hai.com. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  165. Dutta, RP (30 December 2008). "Half-century hurrah at home – Ted Dexter and wife return to roots for 50-year marriage celebrations". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  166. Mukherji, R (2015). Eden Gardens Legend & Romance. Kolkata Today. pp. 106–107. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  167. Chakrabaty, S (4 December 2012). "Kolkata's favourite son-in-law returns". Indian Express. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  168. Mitra, A (20 June 2011). "A death in London – The distinct flavour of Calcutta's fading colonial phase". telegraphindia.com. The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  169. Chaturvedi, Ravi (16 November 2019). Cricket Commentary & Commentators. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64429-727-8. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023.
  170. Chatterjee, Utpal (10 October 1995). "Pearson's zest for life defied cliches". The Times of India. ProQuest 595342477. Archived from the original on 27 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021 – via ProQuest.
  171. Ghose, Bhaskar (1 January 2011). The Service of the State: The IAS Reconsidered. Penguin UK. ISBN 978-81-8475-575-6. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023.
  172. "India's most legendary of figures". espncricinfo.com. ESPN Cricinfo. August 1994. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  173. "The magicians called radio commentators – E R Ramachandran' Blog". News18. 19 October 2011. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  174. Bhagat, Rasheeda. "Nostalgia for cricket in an era gone by". thehindubusinessline.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  175. Chakraborty, Saionee (24 February 2017). "Arun the prez | Arun Lal! Meet the new president of CC&FC". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  176. "OC took me to meeting, says Dutta". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. 22 July 2006. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  177. "SPORTS MEET IN THE CITY 27-05-2009". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata: The Telegraph India. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.
  178. "A DATE WITH DR PRANAB DASGUPTA". mani-group.com. Kolkata: MANI – change for good. Archived from the original on 30 January 2023.
  179. Chakraborty, Debojyoti (29 August 2017). "WHEN EASTERN RAILWAY RAN ON FULL STEAM (1958)". goaldentimes.org. Goalden Times. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  180. Nag, Utathya (19 April 2023). "Calcutta Football League: East Bengal kings of Asia's oldest league competition — full winners list". olympics.com. The Olympics Football. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
  181. Sengupta, Somnath (8 March 2011). "The Glorious History Of IFA Shield". thehardtackle.com. The Hard Tackle. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
  182. Chaudhuri, Arunava. "India – List of IFA Shield Finals". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 29 September 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  183. Schöggl, Hans (2014). "India — List of Trades Cup Winners". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  184. Chaudhuri, Arunava (2004). ""Khadims" Traders Cup 2004". indianfootball.de. Archived from the original on 18 July 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  185. "Creation of History – 1910 to 1919". Mohun Bagan Athletic Club. Archived from the original on 5 May 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2022.
  186. "BEIGHTON CUP WINNERS AND RUNNERS-UP (1895—2019)". www.hockeybengal.org. Kolkata: Hockey Bengal. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  187. "Thrilling All-India final — Ceylon too good for Calcutta". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. 27 October 1932. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
  188. Wijeratna, Neil (19 June 2020). "WHEN RUGBY FOOTBALL IN CEYLON REACHED ITS PEAK; ALL-CEYLON 15 — WESTERN AUSTRALIA 3". The Daily Mirror Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2022 – via PressReader.
  189. "Bombay Gym rally to down Army in final of All India & South Asia Rugby Championship". daijiworld.com. Kolkata. 17 October 2022. Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  190. Datta, Amit (3 August 2019). "Photos: In Kolkata, India's rugby hub and the roots of the Calcutta Cup". hindustantimes.com. Kolkata: Hindustan Times. AFP. Archived from the original on 21 August 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  191. "Congratulations to our home team for their victory in the Calcutta Cup 2015". ccfc1792.com. Kolkata: Calcutta Cricket and Football Club. 16 May 2015. Archived from the original on 4 April 2016.
  192. "CCFC — RECIPROCAL CLUB: Indian — Overseas". ccfc1792.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  193. Bhimani, Rita (11 August 2017). "12 CLUBS TO BE A PART OF IN KOLKATA". wotweb.com. Kolkata: Window On Travel. Archived from the original on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  194. Gilchrist, John (11 August 2017). "Calcutta Cricket Club offers enticing modern take on Bengali dishes". calgaryherald.com. Calgary: Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on 11 August 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2023.
  195. Brenkley, Stephen (20 January 2002). "Meet Charlie — from the Bengal branch of the Van der Guchts". independent.co.uk. London: The Independent UK. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2023.

Bibliography

Further reading

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.