Cassida
Cassida is a large Old World genus of tortoise beetles in the subfamily Cassidinae. The natural history of Cassida sphaerula in South Africa is a typical life cycle.[1] Several species of Cassida are important agricultural pests,[2] in particular C. vittata and C. nebulosa on sugar beet and spinach. The thistle tortoise beetle (Cassida rubiginosa) has been used as a biological control agent against Canada thistle.
| Cassida | |
|---|---|
 | |
| C. nebulosa | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Family: | Chrysomelidae |
| Subfamily: | Cassidinae |
| Tribe: | Cassidini |
| Genus: | Cassida Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Type species | |
| Cassida nebulosa | |
| Diversity | |
| at least 430 species | |
Cassida vibex
Cassida azurea
There are at least 430 described species in Cassida.[3][4] This genus contains the most species of all Cassidinae.[5] Larvae build shields with their feces and exuviae, a widespread pattern of tortoise beetles.[6]
See also
References
- Adam S., M. Campos, H.D.C. Heron, C. Staines, R. Westerduijn, & C.S. Chaboo. 2022. Natural history notes of Cassida sphaerula Boheman, 1853 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidini) on Arctotheca prostrata (Salisb.) Britten (Asteraceae) in South Africa. Insecta Mundi 095: 1-23.
- Chaboo, C.S. 2007. Biology and phylogeny of the Cassidinae (tortoise and leaf-mining beetles) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 305:250pp.
- "Cassida". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-04-25.
- "Cassida Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-04-25.
- Boroweic, L. (1999). A world catalogue of the Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Biologica Silesiae.
- Chaboo, C.S., S. Adam, K. Nishida, L. Schletzbaum. 2023. Architecture, construction, retention, and repair of fecal shields in three tribes of tortoise beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Cassidinae: Cassidini, Mesomphaliini, Spilophorini). ZooKeys Special Issue, Research on Chrysomelidae 9. ZooKeys 1177: 87–146. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1177.102600
Further reading
- Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; et al. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
- Clark, S. M.; Le Doux, D. G.; Riley, E. G.; Gilbert, A. J.; et al. (2004). Host Plants of Leaf Beetle Species Occurring in the United States and Canada. Coleopterists Society. ISBN 9780972608732.
- LeConte, J. L. (1861). Classification of the Coleoptera of North America. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. Vol. 3. Smithsonian Institution. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.38459. ISBN 0665100558.
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