Castleford

Castleford is a town within the City of Wakefield district, West Yorkshire, England. It had a population of 45,106 at a 2021 population estimate.[1] Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, to the north of the town centre the River Calder joins the River Aire and the Aire and Calder Navigation. It is located north east of Wakefield, north of Pontefract and south east of Leeds. Castleford is the largest town in the Wakefield district after Wakefield itself.

For other uses, see Castleford (disambiguation).

Castleford
Castleford footbridge, Castleford Civic Centre, Carlton Lanes Shopping Centre and Xscape
Coat of arms
Castleford is located in West Yorkshire
Castleford
Castleford
Location within West Yorkshire
Area11.81 km2 (4.56 sq mi)
Population45,106 (Wards. Castleford Central and Glasshoughton, Whitwood and Ferry Fryston)
• Density3,819/km2 (9,890/sq mi)
OS grid referenceSE424244
• London160 mi (260 km) SSE
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townCASTLEFORD
Postcode districtWF10
Dialling code01977
PoliceWest Yorkshire
FireWest Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament

The town is the site of a Roman settlement. Within the historical Municipal Borough of Castleford are the suburbs of Airedale, Cutsyke, Ferry Fryston, Fryston Village, Glasshoughton, Half Acres, Hightown, Lock Lane, Townville, Wheldale and Whitwood.

Castleford is home to the rugby league Super League team Castleford Tigers.

History
Wheldale Colliery was one of the town's collieries until its closure in 1985.

Castleford's history dates back to Roman times, archaeological evidence points to modern day Castleford being built upon a Roman army settlement which was called Lagentium (thought to mean 'The Place of the Swordsmen').[2] Roman funeral urns have been found in modern-day Castleford, giving further evidence to this theory.[3] A Roman milestone was unearthed in Beancroft Road, now believed to be in Leeds City Museum.[4]

Queen's Park in Castleford provides evidence of Roundhouses used by the Anglo Saxons. This was a strategic area due to the views of the entire settlement. The history of the area includes Oliver Cromwell's encampment in nearby Knottingley and Ferrybridge (originally thought to be in Castleford itself) whilst his forces laid siege to Pontefract Castle.[5]

All Saints' Church Hightown
All Saints' Church, Castleford, West Yorkshire

In the 19th century, Castleford became a boomtown with the population growing from 1,000 to 14,000 as collieries opened around the town; however, these collieries closed in the 20th century. Ferrybridge Power Station and Kellingley Colliery have also closed (in 2015 and 2016 respectively) and used to employ Castleford residents.[6][7] The newer warehouses and distribution centres in Glasshoughton have brought in many new jobs to the area.[8]

In 2008 Grand Designs presenter Kevin McCloud and Channel 4 led a community regeneration scheme to redevelop Castleford.[9]

In February 2017 Castleford Swimming Pool closed. A new modern leisure facility including a swimming pool is proposed for nearby Pontefract Park.

Economy
Carlton Street is Castleford's main shopping street.

Burberry, the retailer and designer label, has a factory in the town, plans were proposed to close this once a new facility was built in Leeds.[10] However these plans were put on hold in 2016 and the factory is due to remain in the town for the foreseeable future.[11] A large Nestlé factory, which produced Toffee Crisp and After Eights for 40 years,[12] closed in 2012 and demolition starting in 2014 to make way for housing.[13] Castleford has previously been home to Dunsford and Wesley Textiles, which at peak business times had three factories in Castleford which have all since ceased production.

Castleford had potteries from the early 18th century until 1961, notably the Castleford Pottery (1790–1820) of David Dunderdale, which gave its name to "Castleford-type" stonewares.[14]

Governance
Castleford Civic Centre

Castleford was established as an urban district, in the administrative county of the West Riding of Yorkshire in 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894, with an urban district council. Whitwood and Glasshoughton were added to the district in the 1930s. The urban district was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1955.

Following the Local Government Act 1972, the Municipal Borough of Castleford was abolished on 1 April 1974; it then became an unparished area of the City of Wakefield, a metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire. Castleford is now controlled by Wakefield Council. Three electoral wards cover the town: Airedale and Ferry Fryston; Altofts and Whitwood; and Castleford Central and Glasshoughton.

Amenities and entertainment
Xscape in Glasshoughton, Castleford

The town contains the Junction 32 multi-store outlet shopping village and the Xscape leisure complex, both in the Glasshoughton suburb at the south of the town. Within Xscape is the large Snozone, which used to have Britain's largest indoor real snow slope; this was later edged out by Chillfactore in Manchester.[15] It is also home to Frankie & Benny's and Nando's restaurants. It is also home to a 14-screen Cineworld, which underwent a refit in 2018 and is now home to a 4DX screen and a Screen X.[16]

Carlton Lanes shopping centre

Castleford has an open and an indoor market, a shopping centre on Carlton Street and a retail park; in addition, Asda, Morrisons, Aldi and Co-operative supermarkets are located there.

Entry to the Castleford Forum Museum

In December 2013, the Castleford Forum Museum, a library and heritage museum, opened in a new building. The town's library had been in temporary accommodation for two years, while the old site was redeveloped. The existing frontage was kept, while the building further back was demolished. A new three-floor building was then constructed.[17]

The town centre has public houses, bars and social clubs, although the number of these has declined in recent years with leisure becoming focused on the Xscape complex. In 2000, three nightclubs were situated in the town centre; today, none remain.

Media

Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC Yorkshire and ITV Yorkshire. Television signals are received from the Emley Moor TV transmitter.

The town's local radio stations are BBC Radio Leeds on 92.4 FM, Greatest Hits Radio Yorkshire on 106.8 FM, Heart Yorkshire on 106.6 FM, Capital Yorkshire on 105.1 FM and 5 Towns FM, a community online radio station serving the town and surrounding areas.[18]

The local newspaper is a weekly called Pontefract and Castleford Express.

Transport

Roads

Castleford is only 0.93 miles (1.5 km) away from the M62 at Junction 32 via the A656 road. It has other A roads that criss-cross the town and provide access to Junction 31 on the same motorway.[19]

Waterways

The rivers Aire and Calder have a confluence just north-west of the town and also feed the Aire and Calder Navigation. Whilst it is an industrial waterway, it also hosts tourism with moorings on the Castleford Cut of the Navigation.[20]

Railways
Castleford railway station in 2021

Castleford railway station is situated on both the Hallam and Pontefract lines; these lines connect the town directly with Leeds, Barnsley, Goole, Pontefract and Sheffield. All trains arrive from the west and leave in that same direction.[21] In January 2021, the station was completely revamped, providing a modern waiting facility, sheltered cycle parking and changes to the car park layout.[22]

Train services used to travel eastwards to York, via Burton Salmon, but passenger workings ceased in 1970 with the section retained for freight workings only.[23] Castleford also had a second service to Leeds that left the station eastwards and swung north onto the former Castleford–Garforth line, which saw services calling at Ledston and Kippax, before arriving in Garforth and continuing to Leeds.[24]

The Glasshoughton area of the town is served by its own railway station, which is situated one stop beyond Castleford on the Pontefract line.

Buses

In 2016, a new £6 million bus station was opened adjacent to the railway station to allow an integrated travel site for the 12,000 people using the bus station per day.[25]

Local services are provided primarily by Arriva Yorkshire, but also by Globe Holidays (Barnsley) and Ross Travel. Routes link Castleford with Leeds, Pontefract and Wakefield.

Education
Wakefield College, Castleford Campus

The town's primary schools for young children are Wheldon Infant School, Castleford Park Junior, Smawthorne Henry Moore, Townville Infant School, Airedale Juniors, Oyster Park Primary, Fairburn View Primary, Three Lane Ends Academy, Ackton Pastures and Half Acres.

Castleford's secondary schools for children aged 11–16 are Castleford Academy and Airedale Academy.

The town has a small further and higher education college on the Castleford Campus of Wakefield College in Glasshoughton.[26]

Sport

Rugby League
Wheldon Road

Castleford is a rugby league town. The local team, Castleford Tigers was formed in 1926, Castleford was one of the twelve founder members of Super League when the new league format was introduced in 1996. The 'Tigers' nickname and logo were introduced in 1992 and the clubs honours include four Challenge Cup and one Super League leaders shield.

The club have been based at Wheldon Road since 1927. Castleford also has two other lower league rugby league teams, Castleford Lock Lane and Castleford Panthers.

Rugby league in the town was originally represented by Castleford, unrelated to Castleford RUFC, who did not participate in The schism in English rugby and still exist, nor were they predecessors of the current Castleford Tigers who were founded in 1926. The original Castleford rugby league club played in the Northern Union (Rugby Football League) from 1896–97 to 1905–06,[27] and it had one player named Isaac Cole who won a cap for England in 1906 against Other Nationalities.[28]

Motorcycle sport

From June 1979 to July 1980, Castleford had its own Speedway racing team, The Kings, based at the Castleford Whitwood Stadium. The circuit was 202 yards and the team never entered the league – only challenge matches were staged.

In the 1960s, motorcycle scrambling used to take place on the north side of the hill at Queens Park. This was often featured on the BBC's Grandstand sports programme on Saturday afternoons and was commentated upon by Murray Walker.

Football

Glasshoughton Welfare play in the Northern Counties East League, Fryston Colliery Welfare were members of this league until they left in 1991 due to ground grading problems. In the 1920s Castleford Town played in the Midland League alongside clubs such as Doncaster Rovers, Chesterfield, Scunthorpe United, Halifax Town, Leeds United (for 1919–20 season only), Lincoln City and Mansfield Town. This league also contained the reserve sides of Sheffield Wednesday, Barnsley, Nottingham Forest, Grimsby Town and Hull City. In 1920 Castleford reached the 2nd round of the FA Cup, losing 2–3 at Bradford Park Avenue. Castleford played at Wheldon Road – when they shut down the ground was taken over by the rugby league team.

Main article: Glasshoughton Welfare A.F.C.
Main article: Castleford Town F.C.

Greyhound racing

Castleford hosted two greyhound tracks both of which are no longer in existence. The first was in Whitwood and held racing from 1939 until 2001.[29] The second track was the slightly larger 1,500 capacity Castleford Sports Stadium located east of Lock Lane sitting on the north bank of the River Aire.[30]

Main article: Castleford Whitwood Stadium
Main article: Castleford Sports Stadium

Notable people

People born in Castleford:

See also

References
  1. "Castleford (West Yorkshire, Yorkshire and the Humber, United Kingdom) – Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
  2. "Roman Castleford" (PDF). Wakefield.gov.uk. p. 16. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  3. Historic England. "Castleford Roman Fort (54328)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  4. "Roman Castleford" (PDF). Wakefield.gov.uk. p. 7. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  5. "Early History". Knottingleyonline. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  6. "Last Kellingley coal miners will receive severance pay". BBC News. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  7. "Ferrybridge C Power Station officially closes after 50 years". BBC News. 31 March 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  8. "Anyone who expected quick and cheap regeneration was deluding themselves". The Yorkshire Post. 15 March 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  9. Brown, Maggie (2008). "Kevin McCloud and the Big Town Plan: a heroic failure?". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  10. Cooper, Sam (14 November 2015). "'End of an era' as Castleford Burberry factory to close". Pontefract & Castleford Express. Archived from the original on 21 November 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  11. Butler, Sarah (14 July 2016). "Burberry puts new Leeds factory on pause". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  12. Treanor, Jill (10 December 2010). "40 years and billions of mints later, Nestlé to close After Eight factory". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  13. "1,000 new homes planned at former Hickson and Nestle sites". Pontefract & Castleford Express. 12 August 2014. Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  14. "Castleford potteries". Wakefield Council. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  15. "Homepage". Chillfactore.com. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  16. "Centre Map". xscapeyorkshire.co.uk. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  17. "Homepage". Friends of Castleford Library. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  18. "5 Towns FM Radio Online". Internetradiouk.com. Retrieved 1 September 2002.
  19. "105" (Map). York & Selby (C ed.). 1:50,000. Landranger. Ordnance Survey. 2014. ISBN 9780319262030.
  20. "Castleford Cut". Waterside Mooring. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  21. Williams, Michael (2015). "8. In the company of ghosts in Britain's spookiest service". The Trains Now Departed. London: Arrow Books. pp. 159–160. ISBN 9780099590583.
  22. "Castleford Railway Station Improvement Scheme". Your Voice. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
  23. "Church Fenton". Disused Stations. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  24. "Castleford to Garforth". lostrailwaysofwestyorkshire.co.uk. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  25. "Castleford Bus Station now open". WYMetro. February 2016. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  26. "Castleford Campus". wakefield.ac.uk. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
  27. Fletcher, Raymond; Howes, David (1995). Rothmans Rugby League Yearbook 1995–1996. London: Headline Book Publishing. p. 164. ISBN 0-7472-7817-2.
  28. "England Statistics at englandrl.co.uk". englandrl. 31 December 2011. Retrieved 1 January 2012.
  29. "Licenced Tracks". Greyhound Racing History. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
  30. "Independent Tracks". Greyhound Racing History. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.

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