Cayaponia

Cayaponia is the largest genus in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae, with about 60 species. The plants are referred to as melonleaf. They are common from the southern United States to South America. Some species are also found in western Africa, Madagascar, and Fernando de Noronha, which is about 354 km (220 mi) off the coast of Brazil.[2][3]

Cayaponia
Cayaponia espelina fruit
Cayaponia tayuya leaf
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Cucurbitales
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Subfamily: Cucurbitoideae
Tribe: Cucurbiteae
Genus: Cayaponia
Silva Manso[1]
Species

Cayaponia espelina, Cayaponia tayuya
and others

It is native from the southern United States to central South America and the Caribbean islands. Most species are found in rainforests and have white or yellow-green flowers. The original Cayaponia were pollinated by bats, but at least two shifts to bee pollination have occurred among some of its species. This is apparently the first clade to shift from bat to bee pollination vice bee to bat pollination.[4] A 2011 study based on genetics placed the genus Selysia under this genus.[5]

Brazilian botanist António Luiz Patricio da Silva Manso named this genus after the indigenous Cayapo people of Brazil.[6]

Species

There are around 120 species in the genus:[7]

  • Cayaponia africana (Hook. f.) Exell
  • Cayaponia alarici M. Porto
  • Cayaponia alata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia almeideana Sald. & Cogn.
  • Cayaponia amazonica (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia americana (Lam.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia andreana Cogn.
  • Cayaponia angustiloba (Cogn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia attenuata (Hook. & Arn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia aubia Rose
  • Cayaponia austin-smithii Standl.
  • Cayaponia bidentata (Hampshire) P. Duchen & S.S. Renner
  • Cayaponia biflora Cogn. ex Harms
  • Cayaponia boliviensis Cogn.
  • Cayaponia bonariensis (Mill.) Mart.
  • Cayaponia bonplandii (Cogn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia botryocarpa C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia boykinii (Torr. & A. Gray) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia buraeavii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia cabocla Mart.
  • Cayaponia calycina Cogn.
  • Cayaponia capitata Cogn. ex Harms
  • Cayaponia caulobotrys C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia citrullifolia (Griseb.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia coccinea André ex Cogn.
  • Cayaponia cogniauxiana Gomes-Klein
  • Cayaponia cordata (Cogn.) P. Duchen & S.S. Renner
  • Cayaponia cordifolia Cogn.
  • Cayaponia coriacea Cogn.
  • Cayaponia cruegeri (Naudin) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia denticulata Killip ex C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia diffusa Silva Manso
  • Cayaponia diversifolia Cogn.
  • Cayaponia domingensis (Cogn.) H. Schaef. & M. Nee
  • Cayaponia dubia Rose
  • Cayaponia duckei Harms
  • Cayaponia elliptica Silva Manso
  • Cayaponia eriantha
  • Cayaponia espelina (Silva Manso) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia excisa (Griseb.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia ferruginea Gomes-Klein
  • Cayaponia ficifolia (Lam.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia flaminensis Cogn.
  • Cayaponia floribunda Cogn.
  • Cayaponia fluminensis Cogn.
  • Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia glazivoii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia globosa Silva Manso
  • Cayaponia gracillima Cogn.
  • Cayaponia granatensis Cogn.
  • Cayaponia grandiflora Cogn.
  • Cayaponia grandifolia (Torr. & A. Gray)
  • Cayaponia guianensis C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia hammelii Grayum
  • Cayaponia heterophylla (Naudin) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia hirsuta Cogn.
  • Cayaponia jenmanii C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia kathematophora R.E. Schult.
  • Cayaponia laciniosa (L.) C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia latebrosa (Aiton) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia latifolia Cogn.
  • Cayaponia laxa Cogn. ex Harms
  • Cayaponia leucosticta Standl.
  • Cayaponia lhotskyana Cogn.
  • Cayaponia longifolia Cogn.
  • Cayaponia longiloba A.K. Monro
  • Cayaponia macrantha Pittier
  • Cayaponia macrocalyx Harms
  • Cayaponia martiana Cogn.
  • Cayaponia maximowiczii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia membranacea Gomes-Klein
  • Cayaponia metensis Cuatrec.
  • Cayaponia micrantha Cogn.
  • Cayaponia microdonta S.F. Blake
  • Cayaponia multiglandulosa R. Fern.
  • Cayaponia nitida Gomes-Klein & Pirani
  • Cayaponia noronhae C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia oerstedii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia ophthalmica R.E. Schult.
  • Cayaponia oppositifolia Harms
  • Cayaponia ottoniana Cogn.
  • Cayaponia ovata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia palmata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia paraensis Harms
  • Cayaponia pedata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia pentaphylla Cogn.
  • Cayaponia peruviana (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia petiolulata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia piauhiensis (Cogn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia pilosa Cogn.
  • Cayaponia podantha Cogn.
  • Cayaponia poeppigii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia prunifera (Poepp. & Endl.) P. Duchen & S.S. Renner
  • Cayaponia psederifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
  • Cayaponia quinqueloba (Raf.) Shinners
  • Cayaponia racemosa (Mill.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia reticulata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia rigida (Cogn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia rugosa Gomes-Klein & Pirani
  • Cayaponia ruizii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia saldanhaei Cogn.
  • Cayaponia sandia Cogn. ex Griseb.
  • Cayaponia schenckii Cogn.
  • Cayaponia selysioides C. Jeffrey
  • Cayaponia sessiliflora Wunderlin
  • Cayaponia setulosa Cogn.
  • Cayaponia simplicifolia (Naudin) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia smithii Standl.
  • Cayaponia subsessilis (Cogn.) Sandw. & Cheesm.
  • Cayaponia tayuya (Vell.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia ternata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia tessmannii Harms
  • Cayaponia tibiricae Cogn.
  • Cayaponia tomentosa Cogn.
  • Cayaponia triangularis (Cogn.) Cogn.
  • Cayaponia trichocalyx Killip & Cuatrec.
  • Cayaponia trifoliata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia trifoliolata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia trilobata Cogn.
  • Cayaponia tubulosa Cogn.
  • Cayaponia ulei Cogn. ex Harms
  • Cayaponia villosissima Cogn.
  • Cayaponia weddellii (Naudin) Cogn.

References
  1. GRIN (April 1, 2009). "Cayaponia Silva Manso". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
  2. Grayum, Michael H. (December 2009). "Two New Trifoliolate-Leaved Species of Cucurbitaceae (Cucurbiteae) from Central and South America". Novon. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. 19 (4): 465–474. doi:10.3417/2007164. JSTOR 27765198.
  3. "Cayaponia Silva Manso melonleaf". USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
  4. Duchen, Pablo; Renner, Susanne S. (July 2010). "The evolution of Cayaponia (Cucurbitaceae): Repeated shifts from bat to bee pollination and long-distance dispersal to Africa 2–5 million years ago". American Journal of Botany. 97 (7): 1129–1141. doi:10.3732/ajb.0900385. JSTOR 27857329. PMID 21616865.
  5. Schaefer, Hanno; Renner, Susanne S. (February 2011). "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Order Cucurbitales and a New Classification of the Gourd Family (Cucurbitaceae)" (PDF). Taxon. 60 (1): 122–138. doi:10.1002/tax.601011. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  6. "Cayaponia" (PDF). Northeastern Illinois University. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2013.
  7. "Tropicos | Name - !!Cayaponia Silva Manso". tropicos.org. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
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