Chachro Raid

The Chachro Raid was a long-range raid conducted between 5 December 1971 and 10 December 1971 by the Indian Army's 10 Para (Special Forces) on the town of Chachro and other nearby towns of Sindh.[3] The raid resulted in the Indian Army capturing large territory of 13,000 sq.km in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. The Indian soldiers penetrated into Pakistani territory up to 80 km, captured a number of posts, and returned without suffering a single casualty. They were accompanied by Khoja Rajputs who were familiar with the region.[4]

Chachro Raid
Part of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Date5–10 December 1971
(5 days)
Location25.11152603871343°N 70.26134526482633°E / 25.11152603871343; 70.26134526482633
Result Indian victory
Territorial
changes
India captures 13,000 km2 (5,000 sq mi) of Pakistani territory[1][2]
Belligerents
 India  Pakistan
Commanders and leaders
Unknown
Units involved
10 Para SF Pakistan Rangers
Casualties and losses
None 36 killed
22 captured
Chachro is located in Pakistan
Chachro
Chachro
Location of the battle with geopolitical borders in Pakistan

Background

The 10 Para (Special Forces) was raised in 1967 as an offshoot of 9 Para (Special Forces). The unit specializes in desert warfare. From five months prior to the 1971 war, two teams (Alpha and Charlie) of 10 Para SF were trained intensively to carry out long-range raids, inspired by British SAS raids of German airfields in North Africa during the Second World War.[4]

The raid

The teams of 10 Para SF were given the objective of striking Pakistani positions 80 km inside, hitting supply lines and creating confusion.[4] The raid began on the night of 5 December, with the Alpha team advancing quietly through the night towards Chachro. However, they were spotted by a Pakistani outpost in the morning and came under attack, and were forced to take cover. To break the impasse, Naik Nihal Singh took a jeep and charged at high speed at the Pakistani post, firing the mounted light machine gun. This allowed the rest of the team to also attack, with 18 machine guns firing in unison, causing the Pakistani defenders to flee.[5][4]

Next, on the night of 7 December, the raiders moved to capture the wing headquarters of the Pakistan Rangers in Chachro. The Alpha team took covering positions, while the Charlie team moved in for the offensive. By first light, Chachro was captured. In the raid, 17 Rangers were killed, and 12 were captured alive. The post and the prisoners were handed over to the 20 Rajput Battalion which had linked up.[4][5]

After that, the team crept towards Virawah, reaching it close to midnight. They attacked the Ranger camp there, resulting in the Rangers at Virawah also abandoning the post and fleeing. The unit then proceeded towards the tehsil headquarters of Nagarparkar and captured it as well before the daybreak of 8 December. After the arrival of the regular infantry, the prisoners were handed over. Thereafter, the unit was tasked with destroying an ammunition dump at Islamkot. However, on arrival, it found the place to be empty. While heading back towards India, it spotted a Pakistani convoy at Lumio and ambushed it, killing 20 Pakistani soldiers and taking others prisoners.[4][5][2]

Result

By the end of the war, India captured an area of about 13,000 sq km of Sindh up to Umerkot.[2][6] India continued to hold the captured territory until 22 December 1972 and handed it over to Pakistan after the Shimla Pact of 1972. During this time, an Indian sub-post office was opened at Chachro and allotted a Postal Index Number.[7]

10 Para SF was conferred the Battle Honour 'Chachro 1971', and received 10 gallantry awards including a Mahavir Chakra awarded to its commanding officer Lt Col Bhawani Singh.[2]

The Chachro Raid was the first long-distance raid across desert terrain undertaken by the Indian Army, and became a benchmark for future operations of a similar nature.[8]

References

  1. "At least in Thar..." Daily Jang.
  2. Karthikeyan, Ananth (16 December 2018). "The Desert Raids of the 1971 War". DNA. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  3. Robert Victor Jackson (2014). South Asian Crisis: India, Pakistan, and Bangla Desh. Praeger; Published for the International Institute for Strategic Studies. p. 121. ISBN 9780275095604.
  4. Paljor, Karma (15 January 2017). "The Chachro Raid of 1971 – India's Most Daring Surgical Strike in Pakistan". News18. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  5. Prasannan, R (12 December 2021). "The Army's surgical strike of 1971". The Week. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
  6. Ikram ul-Majeed Sehgal (1999). Defence Journal. Ikram ul-Majeed Sehgal. p. 26.
  7. Prashant H. Pandya (2014). Vadophil: Issue No. 139. Baroda Philatelic Society.
  8. Lt Gen Prakash Katoch (2019). Special Operations Case Studies. Lancer Publishers. p. 182. ISBN 9781940988474.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.