Child sex ring
A child sex ring is one or more people who are simultaneously involved sexually with multiple minors during the same general time frame.[1][2] The dynamics of these rings differ from those of more common one-on-one intrafamilial cases in that they are more organized and ran over a long period of time. Most of them are operated by males, and two-thirds of all victims are males aged between 10-16.[1][3] Commercialization and group sex are not necessarily present.[1]
Synonyms
They are also referred to as pedophile rings, pedophile networks, and child abuse rings.
Prevalence
In 1989, a study[2][4] indicated 31 child sex rings identified by police within a geographically separated population of 710,000 during two years in UK. In the two years, they accounted for 4.6% of all reported child sexual abuse. Forty-seven male offenders aged 16 to 82 years and 334 victims aged 4 to 15 were involved. The offenders usually operated in pairs or alone. Three of the rings were becoming semicommercial. Some children acted as victim recruiters for the offenders in 22 rings. The recruiters usually receive the money. The reported abuse included masturbation and fondling in 30 rings, oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse in 21 rings, as well as production of child pornography in 2 rings.
Offenders and the mode of operation
Child sex rings operate like pipelines.[3] New members are regularly recruited, seduced, abused, and later 'dumped'.[3] They often involve educational or recreational organizations where they can be recruited and seduced.[3] The seduction often involves acts of kindness and giving gifts to the victims to gain to lower their inhibitions and gain their cooperation and trust. [3] One of the factors that facilitates the recruitment of children is peer pressure from observing the behavior of other children participating in the ring.[5] The offenders tend to be from a higher socio-economic background, as running a child sex ring requires high interpersonal skills and economic resources.[3] It often means a financial loss for the offenders.[3]
Prominent cases
References
- "Child Sex Rings: A Behavioral Analysis | Office of Justice Programs". www.ojp.gov. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
- Wild, N. J. (1 April 1989). "Prevalence of Child Sex Rings". Pediatrics. 83 (4): 553–558. doi:10.1542/peds.83.4.553. PMID 2927996. S2CID 8886396.
- Understanding and Investigating Child Sexual Exploitation. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. 1997.
- Harkins, Leigh; Dixon, Louise (March 2010). "Sexual offending in groups: An evaluation" (PDF). Aggression and Violent Behavior. 15 (2): 87–99. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2009.08.006.
- Breger, Melissa (1 October 2021). "Stemming the Tide: Social Norms and Child Sex Trafficking". Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present). 126 (1): 135. ISSN 2574-2604.