Chiococca

Milkberry
	Chiococca alba
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Rubiaceae
Subfamily:	Cinchonoideae
Tribe:	Chiococceae
Genus:	Chiococca; P.Browne
Type species
	Chiococca alba; (L.) Hitchc.
Synonyms
	Asemnantha Hook.f.;

Chiococca is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae.[1] It currently holds 23 species that are native to Florida, Texas, Mexico, Central America, much of South America, the West Indies, and the islands of Galápagos and Fernando de Noronha.[2][3][4]

The type species for the genus is Chiococca alba.[5] It ranges from Florida to Paraguay and is cultivated as an ornamental.[6]

Systematics

Chiococca was named by Patrick Browne in 1756.[1] The generic name is derived from the Greek words χιών (chion), meaning "snow" and κόκκος (kokkos), meaning "kernel" or "berry".[7]

Chiococca is a member of the tribe Chiococceae.[8] Within the tribe, it is closely related to Bikkia.[9]

Species

Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc. - Florida, Texas, Bermuda, Mexico, Central America, much of South America, the West Indies, and the Galápagos
Chiococca auyantepuiensis Steyerm. - Venezuela
Chiococca belizensis Lundell - Southern Mexico (Tabasco, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz), Central America, Colombia
Chiococca caputensis Lorence & C.M.Taylor - Panamá
Chiococca coriacea M.Martens & Galeotti - México (Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Quintana Roo)
Chiococca cubensis Urb. - Cuba
Chiococca filipes Lundell - Central America, México (Chiapas)
Chiococca henricksonii M.C.Johnst. - México (Coahuila)
Chiococca insularis (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa - Fernando de Noronha, Brazil[4]
Chiococca lucens Standl. & Steyerm. - Venezuela (Sororopán-tepui)
Chiococca motleyana Borhidi - Belize, Guatemala, México
Chiococca multipedunculata Steyerm. - Guyana
Chiococca naiguatensis Steyerm. - Venezuela
Chiococca nitida Benth.
- Chiococca nitida var. amazonica Müll.Arg. - Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil
- Chiococca nitida var. chimantensis Steyerm. - Venezuela (Bolívar)
- Chiococca nitida f. cordata (Cowan) Steyerm. - Guyana
- Chiococca nitida var. nitida - French Guiana, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Paraguay
Chiococca oaxacana Standl. - Mexico (Tamaulipas, Morelos, Puebla, Oaxaca)
Chiococca pachyphylla Wernham - Mexico (from Nuevo León to Chiapas), Central America, Colombia
Chiococca petrina Wiggins - Mexico (Sonora)
Chiococca phaenostemon Schltdl. - Southern Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Guerrero), Central America
Chiococca plowmanii Delprete - Brazil (Bahia)
Chiococca rubriflora Lundell - Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala
Chiococca semipilosa Standl. & Steyerm. - Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua)
Chiococca sessilifolia Miranda - Mexico (Veracruz, Chiapas)
Chiococca steyermarkii Standl. - Guatemala
Chiococca stricta Correll - Bahamas

References

Browne, Patrick. 1756. Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts 164, Chiococca
Mabberley DJ (2008). Mabberley's Plant Book (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Chiococca
Figueira, Maurício; Schindler, Bianca; Jardim, Jomar G.; Barbosa, Maria Regina de V. (2020-10-30). "Rediscovery of Chiococca insularis (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa (Rubiaceae), a species presumed extinct, on the island of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brazil". Check List. 16 (5): 1407–1413. doi:10.15560/16.5.1407. ISSN 1809-127X.
Chiococca In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)
Quattrocchi U (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
"Genus Chiococca". Taxonomy. UniProt. Retrieved 2009-12-11.
Manns U, Bremer B (2010). "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 21–39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. PMID 20382247. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-27.

External links

CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: A-C At: Botany & Plant Science At: Life Science At: CRC Press
Chiococca At: Search Page At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Index by Team At: Projects At: Science Directory At: Scientific Research and Data At: Kew Gardens
Chiococca At: Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Chiococca At: Plant Names At: IPNI
Chiococca In: The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica At: Record for Civ. Nat. Hist. Jam. At: Titles At: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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[Browne-1] Browne, Patrick. 1756. Civil and Natural History of Jamaica in Three Parts 164, Chiococca

[Mabberley2008-2] Mabberley DJ (2008). Mabberley's Plant Book (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.

[WCSP-3] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Chiococca

[insularis-4] Figueira, Maurício; Schindler, Bianca; Jardim, Jomar G.; Barbosa, Maria Regina de V. (2020-10-30). "Rediscovery of Chiococca insularis (Ridley) C.M.Taylor & M.R.V. Barbosa (Rubiaceae), a species presumed extinct, on the island of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brazil". Check List. 16 (5): 1407–1413. doi:10.15560/16.5.1407. ISSN 1809-127X.

[ingchiococca-5] Chiococca In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).

[rhs-6] Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)

[Quattrocchi2000-7] Quattrocchi U (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.

[8] "Genus Chiococca". Taxonomy. UniProt. Retrieved 2009-12-11.

[Manns2010-9] Manns U, Bremer B (2010). "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 21–39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. PMID 20382247. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-27.