Coelopoeta

Coelopoeta is a relatively divergent genus of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea, which have only been found in western North America.

Coelopoeta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Pterolonchidae
Subfamily:
Coelopoetinae
Genus:
Coelopoeta

Its relationships have been interpreted differently over the past century. It has been placed in the family Elachistidae, the family Oecophoridae, and the subfamily Coelopoetinae within the Elachistidae.[1]

Taxonomy

It was described from California in 1907 as a monotypic genus by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham to house the new species C. glutinosi, which is therefore the type species.[2] Lord Walsingham placed the genus in the family Hyponomeutidae.[3]

A second species from California was added in 1920 by William Barnes and August Busck, C. baldella,[2][4] based on supposed colour differences with the type species,[5] and the genus was moved to the family Elachistidae by these two authors in the same paper.[3] This new taxon was then synonymised with C. glutinosi by Annette F. Braun in 1948 due to the insects being morphologically identical and found on the same food plants, rendering the genus monotypic again.[5] This interpretation of synonymy was upheld by Ronald W. Hodges in 1983,[2] Lauri Kaila in 1995,[3] and van Nieukerken et al. in 2011.[6]

Braun also placed the genus in the family Elachistidae in her 1948 monograph on the North American members of the family, based on the morphology of the mouth parts, the antenna and the wing venation, although she mentions the divergent genitalia compared to the rest of the family.[3][5]

Hodges was the first to classified the one species in its own subfamily, the Coelopoetinae of the Elachistidae, in 1978, although he mentions doubting if the new subgenus might not better be placed in the Oecophorini.[3][6] and in the 1983 Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico (in which it is numbered 1076) he retained this classification.[2][3] In 1995 Kaila reviewed the genus Coelopoeta and continued to include it in the family Elachistidae. He described two new species, one from high elevations in California and another from the Yukon in Canada.[2][3]

Brown et al. classified the genus in the subfamily Oecophorinae of the Oecophoridae in 2004.[4]

In Zhi-Qiang Zhang's 2011 attempt to number all the known animal species of earth, van Nieukerken et al., the authors of the section on Lepidoptera, recognised the Coelopoetidae as an independent, monotypic family within the superfamily Gelechioidea, comprising three species in the genus Coelopoeta.[6] Three years later, in 2014, a cladistic analysis by Heikkilä et al. moved the genus to the subfamily Coelopoetinae of the family Pterolonchidae.[7]

Species

Distribution

Coelopoeta is native to western North America, from California to the Yukon, although none are recorded from Oregon, Washington, Idaho or British Columbia.[2][3]

Ecology

The caterpillars of C. glutinosi mine within the leaves of Eriodictyon plant species, those of C. phaceliae are hosted on species of Phacelia.[2][3]

References
  1. Savela, Markku (28 December 2009). "Coelopoeta". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
  2. Savela, Markku (9 February 2015). "Coelopoeta". Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  3. Kaila, Lauri (1995). "A review of Coelopoeta (Elachistidae), with descriptions of two new species" (PDF). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society. 49 (2): 171–178. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  4. Brown, John W.; Adamski, David; Hodges, Ronald W.; Bahr, II, Stephen M. (14 May 2004). "Catalog of the type specimens of Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera) in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History" (PDF). Zootaxa. 510: 21. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.510.1.1. ISBN 1-877354-41-4. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  5. Braun, Annette F. (1948). "Elachistidae of North America (Microlepidoptera)". Memoirs of the American Entomological Society. 13: 8. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  6. van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Kaila, Lauri; Kitching, Ian J.; Kristensen, Niels P.; Lees, David C.; Minet, Joël; Mitter, Charles; Mutanen, Marko; Regier, Jerome C.; Simonsen, Thomas J.; Wahlberg, Niklas; Yen, Shen-Horn; Zahiri, Reza; Adamski, David; Baixeras, Joaquin; Bartsch, Daniel; Bengtsson, Bengt Å.; Brown, John W.; Bucheli, Sibyl Rae; Davis, Donald R.; de Prins, Jurate; de Prins, Willy; Epstein, Marc E.; Gentili-Poole, Patricia; Gielis, Cees; Hättenschwiler, Peter; Hausmann, Axel; Holloway, Jeremy D.; Kallies, Axel; Karsholt, Ole; Kawahara, Akito Y.; Koster, Sjaak; Kozlov, Mikhail V.; Lafontaine, J. Donald; Lamas, Gerardo; Landry, Jean-François; Lee, Sangmi; Nuss, Matthias; Park, Kyu-Tek; Penz, Carla; Rota, Jadranka; Schintlmeister, Alexander; Schmidt, B. Christian; Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Alma Solis, M.; Tarmann, Gerhard M.; Warren, Andrew D.; Weller, Susan; Yaklovlev, Roman V.; Zolotuhin, Vadim V.; Zwick, Andreas (2011). "Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758" (PDF). In Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.). Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Vol. 3148. pp. 212–221. ISBN 978-1-86977-850-7. Retrieved 26 December 2019.
  7. Heikkilä, Maria; Mutanen, Marko; Kekkonen, Mari; Kaila, Lauri (November 2014). "Morphology reinforces proposed molecular phylogenetic affinities: a revised classification for Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera)". Cladistics. 30 (6): 563–589. doi:10.1111/cla.12064. PMID 34794251. S2CID 84696495. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
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