Kugluktuk

Kugluktuk (Qurluktuk, lit. '"the place of moving water"'; Inuktitut syllabics: ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑐᖅ; Inuktitut pronunciation: [quʁluqtuq]), formerly known as Coppermine until 1 January 1996, is a hamlet located at the mouth of the Coppermine River in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, Canada, on Coronation Gulf, southwest of Victoria Island. It is the westernmost community in Nunavut, near the border with the Northwest Territories.

This article is about a hamlet of Nunavut. For the electoral district of the same name, see Kugluktuk (electoral district).

Kugluktuk
Qurluqtuq
ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑐᖅ
Hamlet
Hill top view of Kugluktuk
Hill top view of Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk is located in Nunavut
Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk is located in Canada
Kugluktuk
Kugluktuk
Coordinates: 67°49′36″N 115°05′36″W[1]
CountryCanada
TerritoryNunavut
RegionKitikmeot
Electoral districtKugluktuk
Government
[3][4]
 • MayorSimon Kuliktana
 • MLABobby Anavilok
Area
 (2021)[5]
 • Land538.99 km2 (208.11 sq mi)
Elevation
[6]
23 m (75 ft)
Population
 (2021)[5]
 • Total1,382
 • Density2.6/km2 (7/sq mi)
 • DPL[7]
956
Time zoneUTC−07:00 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)
Canadian Postal code
X0B 0E0
Area code867

The traditional language of the area is Inuinnaqtun and is written using the Latin alphabet, rather than the syllabics of the Inuktitut writing system. Like Cambridge Bay, Bathurst Inlet, and Umingmaktok, syllabics are rarely seen and are used mainly by the Government of Nunavut.

History

In 1982, a division plebiscite was held. While approximately 80% of the population in what is now Nunavut voted in favour of division, Coppermine was one of only two communities to vote against division. Cambridge Bay was the other.[8] In June 2004, a fuel line broke in the centre of Kugluktuk, spilling 2,000 L (440 imp gal; 530 US gal) of diesel fuel.

Demographics
Federal census population history of Kugluktuk
YearPop.±%
1976758—    
1981809+6.7%
1986888+9.8%
19911,059+19.3%
19961,201+13.4%
20011,212+0.9%
20061,302+7.4%
20111,450+11.4%
20161,491+2.8%
20211,382−7.3%
Source: Statistics Canada
[5][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

As a census subdivision in the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada, Kugluktuk had a population of 1,382 living in 397 of its 438 total private dwellings, a change of -7.3% from its 2016 population of 1,491. With a land area of 538.99 km2 (208.11 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.6/km2 in 2021.[5]

As a designated place in the 2021 census, Kugluktuk had a population of 956 living in 265 of its 296 total private dwellings, a change of -9.6% from its 2016 population of 1,057. With a land area of 0.34 km2 (0.13 sq mi), it had a population density of 2,811.8/km2 (7,282.4/sq mi) in 2021.[7]

Infrastructure

The community has been served by the Qiniq network since 2005. Qiniq is a fixed wireless service to homes and businesses, connecting to the outside world via a satellite backbone. The Qiniq network is designed and operated by SSi Canada. In 2017, the network was upgraded to 4G LTE technology, and 2G-GSM for mobile voice.

Education

The two schools in the community are Kugluktuk High School and Jimmy Hikok Ilihakvik.

Geography

Kugluktuk is located on the shore of the Arctic Ocean. The surrounding landscape is dominated by the rocky and often barren Canadian Shield. The region has a subarctic climate, but barely so, with July having an average of 10.9 °C (51.6 °F). It has cold, dry winters, and moderate snowfall which is relatively high for its latitude. Though trees do exist in the region, they are dwarfed and extremely sparse.

Flora

Plant growth in the region during summer months includes small shrubs, grass, moss, lichens, blueberries, blackberries, cranberries, various flowers, and dwarf willow and birch trees.

Climate

Kugluktuk features a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfc); like most of mainland Nunavut; with wet summers and dry winters. It is in the transitional zone to a cold tundra climate (ET), but falls outside of it, since its warmest month of July surpasses the 10 °C (50 °F) isotherm, averaging 10.9 °C (51.6 °F).

The highest temperature ever recorded in Kugluktuk was 34.9 °C (94.8 °F) on 15 July 1989.[18] The coldest temperature ever recorded was −50.0 °C (−58.0 °F) on 2 February 1968.[19]

Climate data for Kugluktuk (Kugluktuk Airport)
WMO ID: 71938; coordinates 67°49′00″N 115°08′38″W; elevation: 22.6 m (74 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1930–present[lower-alpha 1]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 0.8
(33.4)		 1.1
(34.0)		 0.0
(32.0)		 9.8
(49.6)		 23.3
(73.9)		 32.5
(90.5)		 34.9
(94.8)		 30.3
(86.5)		 26.1
(79.0)		 13.9
(57.0)		 4.4
(39.9)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 34.9
(94.8)
Average high °C (°F) −23.2
(−9.8)		 −23.4
(−10.1)		 −20.7
(−5.3)		 −11.4
(11.5)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 9.9
(49.8)		 15.6
(60.1)		 13.1
(55.6)		 6.5
(43.7)		 −3.5
(25.7)		 −14.8
(5.4)		 −20.3
(−4.5)		 −6.1
(21.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −27.3
(−17.1)		 −27.7
(−17.9)		 −25.3
(−13.5)		 −16.3
(2.7)		 −5.3
(22.5)		 5.5
(41.9)		 10.9
(51.6)		 9.0
(48.2)		 3.3
(37.9)		 −6.6
(20.1)		 −18.7
(−1.7)		 −24.5
(−12.1)		 −10.3
(13.5)
Average low °C (°F) −31.4
(−24.5)		 −32.0
(−25.6)		 −29.8
(−21.6)		 −21.2
(−6.2)		 −9.2
(15.4)		 1.0
(33.8)		 6.1
(43.0)		 4.8
(40.6)		 0.1
(32.2)		 −9.8
(14.4)		 −22.6
(−8.7)		 −28.6
(−19.5)		 −14.4
(6.1)
Record low °C (°F) −47.8
(−54.0)		 −50.0
(−58.0)		 −48.9
(−56.0)		 −43.9
(−47.0)		 −30.2
(−22.4)		 −15.0
(5.0)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 −20.0
(−4.0)		 −35.4
(−31.7)		 −41.1
(−42.0)		 −45.0
(−49.0)		 −50.0
(−58.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 10.4
(0.41)		 8.4
(0.33)		 9.9
(0.39)		 10.0
(0.39)		 14.6
(0.57)		 16.6
(0.65)		 44.5
(1.75)		 45.1
(1.78)		 37.8
(1.49)		 26.5
(1.04)		 13.0
(0.51)		 10.4
(0.41)		 247.2
(9.73)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0.1
(0.00)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.1
(0.00)		 4.3
(0.17)		 14.6
(0.57)		 44.4
(1.75)		 44.9
(1.77)		 31.4
(1.24)		 4.7
(0.19)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 144.5
(5.69)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 19.6
(7.7)		 16.3
(6.4)		 19.4
(7.6)		 18.2
(7.2)		 16.2
(6.4)		 2.1
(0.8)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.2
(0.1)		 7.7
(3.0)		 35.0
(13.8)		 25.5
(10.0)		 21.9
(8.6)		 182.1
(71.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 8.9 8.7 10.0 8.2 7.5 7.6 11.5 13.3 12.8 14.3 11.1 9.7 123.4
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.9 6.8 11.5 13.1 10.5 2.3 0.0 0.0 46.4
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 10.5 10.1 11.6 9.5 7.2 1.3 0.1 0.2 3.7 14.5 13.4 11.6 93.6
Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500 LST) 76.7 75.1 77.5 82.3 83.1 70.2 64.8 69.8 75.5 84.7 80.9 77.8 76.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours 17.8 77.3 160.3 233.3 246.7 375.0 341.6 207.7 91.1 51.2 19.6 0.2 1,821.7
Percent possible sunshine 17.7 35.5 44.4 49.6 38.7 52.1 48.5 38.5 22.8 17.6 12.7 0.7 31.6
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[18][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][19][32][33][34][35]
  • Kugluktuk NU
    Kugluktuk NU
  • A lifeguard is stationed at the beach on hot days
    A lifeguard is stationed at the beach on hot days
  • Inuit women preparing to make bannock at Kugluktuk
    Inuit women preparing to make bannock at Kugluktuk
  • Wildflowers in Kugluktuk
    Wildflowers in Kugluktuk
  • Grades 6 to 12 with a student population of about 150
    Grades 6 to 12 with a student population of about 150
  • The Roman Catholic Church at Kugluktuk
    The Roman Catholic Church at Kugluktuk

See also

Notes
  1. Climate data was recorded at Coppermine from October 1930 to November 1977 and at Kugluktuk Airport from December 1977 to present.

References
  1. "Kugluktuk". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  2. "Kugluktuk". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  3. "Hamlet of Kugluktuk". Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  4. "2021 General Election" (PDF). Elections Nunavut. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  5. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Nunavut". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  6. Elevation at airport. Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
  7. "Population and dwelling counts: Canada and designated places". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
  8. "The 1982 Plebiscite on Division of the Northwest Territories: Regional Government and Federal Policy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
  9. "1976 Census of Canada: Population - Geographic Distributions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. June 1977. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  10. "1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order" (PDF). Statistics Canada. May 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  11. "1986 Census: Population - Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. September 1987. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  12. "91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  13. "96 Census: A National Overview - Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1997. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  14. "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  15. "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  16. "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 25 July 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  17. "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Nunavut)". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  18. "Kugluktuk A *". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300902. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
  19. "February 1968". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  20. "June 1934". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  21. "December 1934". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  22. "May 1941". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  23. "February 1943". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  24. "October 1943". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  25. "January 1947". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  26. "November 1948". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  27. "March 1949". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  28. "May 1952". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  29. "March 1955". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  30. "September 1957". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  31. "April 1958". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  32. "September 1970". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  33. "November 1970". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300900. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  34. "June 2013". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300902. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
  35. "August 2013". Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Climate ID: 2300902. Retrieved 25 June 2016.

Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kugluktuk.
  • Dredge, L. A. Where the river meets the sea geology and landforms of the lower Coppermine River Valley and Kugluktuk, Nunavut. [Ottawa]: Geological Survey of Canada, 2001. ISBN 0-660-18550-4
  • Pedersen, Lena, and Donna Stephania. Crime Prevention in Kugluktuk. Ottawa: Caledon Institute of Social Policy, 1999. ISBN 1-894159-61-6
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