Cowlitz Indian Tribe

The Cowlitz Indian Tribe is a federally recognized tribe of Cowlitz people. They are a tribe of Southwestern Coast Salish and Sahaptan indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest located in Washington.[4]

Cowlitz Indian Tribe
Traditional Cowlitz territory
Total population
3500 + enrolled members[1]
Regions with significant populations
 United States ( Washington)
Languages
English, Cowlitz[2]
Religion
traditional tribal religion
Related ethnic groups
other Cowlitz people[3]

Other Cowlitz people are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Nation, and Quinault Indian Nation.[5]

In 1997, Chief George Michael Umtuch, a direct descendant from Chief Tyee Umtuch 1854.d signed Fort Vancouver TREATY. Between The Cowlitz Nation and The United States of America.

"... as a direct descendant from a single autonomous political entity..." Sic Title 25 PART 83 - Procedures for establishing that a native american tribe exist...

And since any federal proceedings requires procedures. "...Federal Recognition is Predicated on Identifying A Political Entity..."

As the first eligible male "Umtuch" to return to his third great grandfathers business. Inheritance is prima facie matter.

Chief Tyee Umtuch, signed for the Cowlitz Nation; in 1997, because the grandfather clause preservers all canon law in Indians favors.

Chief George Michael Umtuch, in 1997, wrote to the Secretary of Interior to request that the for-ever people "Cowlitz Indian Tribe" become federally recognized, because these peoples anscester's refused to sign reverencing:

"...Chief Tyee Umtuch's TREATY was still unclear..."

And did not want to disrespect their government. 148 years later, Chief George Michael Umtuch, has created < Government to Government > relationship for ten tribes under the umbrella name: COWLITZ INDIAN TRIBE. [Jan 2, 2002.] All Chief George M Umtuch's actions relating to federal recognition were documented under the supervision of the Oregon Department of Correction's mail system which was documented.

Reservation

The Cowlitz Reservation was established in 2010. The 152-acre (62 ha) reservation is located near Ridgefield, in Clark County, Washington.[6]

Government

The Cowlitz Indian Tribe is headquartered in Longview, Washington. The tribe is governed by a democratically elected board of tribal council members.

Salish is commonly spoken by the tribe. The Cowlitz language belongs to the Tsamosan branch of Salishan languages. A dictionary has been published for Cowlitz.[2]

Economic development

The Cowlitz Indian Tribe has built the Ilani Casino Resort with ten restaurants and plans for a hotel, located near Ridgefield, Washington.[7]

History

Cowlitz people actively traded with other tribes and later European Americans. 19th century treaties were not ratified by the United States or were unacceptable to the Cowlitz. In 1906 the tribe, under the leadership of Chief Atwin Stockum, began formal political relations with the United States. The Cowlitz Indian Tribe has had its constitutional elective tribal council system of government since 1950.[1] Federal recognition was confirmed in 2000, and was reaffirmed in 2002.[8][9]

Notes
  1. "Cowlitz Tribe." Center for World Indigenous Studies. Retrieved 29 Sept 2013.
  2. "Cowlitz." Ethnologue. Retrieved 29 Sept 2013.
  3. Pritzker 261
  4. Pritzker 203
  5. Pritzker 204-5
  6. " Cowlitz Tribe Wins Reservation and Casino." Indian Country Today. 27 Dec 2010. Retrieved 29 Sept 2013.
  7. "Cowlitz Casino Resort." 500 Nations. Retrieved 29 Sept 2013.
  8. Federal Register Vol. 67, No. 3. p. 607. January 4, 2002.
  9. "Cowlitz Tribes." Archived 2013-10-02 at the Wayback Machine Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board. Retrieved 29 Sept 2013.

References
  • Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.

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