Charles River Dam Bridge

The Charles River Dam Bridge, officially the Craigie Bridge,[1] also called Craigie's Bridge or the Canal Bridge, is a six-lane bascule bridge across the Charles River in the West End neighborhood of Boston. The bridge, maintained by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR, formerly the MDC), carries Massachusetts Route 28 (Charles River Dam Road at this location) next to the Green Line's Lechmere Viaduct. The Museum of Science is located on the dam and nearby piers. Charles River Dam Road connects Leverett Circle in the West End to East Cambridge, but most of the road is fixed, and the asymmetrically sited drawbridge is a short span entirely on the Boston side of the river.[2]

Not to be confused with the 1786 Charles River Bridge at the site of the current Charlestown Bridge, nor the current Charles River Dam built in 1978 at the site of the 1828 Warren Bridge.
Charles River Dam Bridge
Coordinates42.3680°N 71.0708°W / 42.3680; -71.0708
Carriessix lanes of traffic ( Route 28), two sidewalks, 2 protected bike lanes
CrossesCharles River at mile 1.0
LocaleBoston, Massachusetts
Maintained byMassachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation
ID number160134
Characteristics
Designsteel bascule bridge
Total length25.0 m (82.0 ft)
Width25.6 m (84.0 ft)
Longest span19.2 m (63.0 ft)
Clearance below4.6 m (15 ft)
History
Opened1910
Location

The original lock for the Charles River was incorporated into the dam, just west of the Charles River Dam Bridge, but it was replaced by three parallel locks in the new Charles River Dam, located further east, at the site of the old Warren Bridge.

The former lock at the Charles River Dam Bridge now allows water and small ships to flow freely. Taller ships require the opening of the drawbridge, operated by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation.

History
Photo of the original lock for the Charles River in Boston, Massachusetts as bordered by Nashua Street Park on the south and Charles Hayden Planetarium to the north and positioned just west of the Charles River Dam Bridge.

The first bridge on the site was known as the Canal Bridge, named after the Middlesex Canal which ran from the Charlestown Mill Pond to Middlesex Village in East Chelmsford Massachusetts; later p/o Lowell.[3] As an investment, businessman Andrew Craigie purchased the largely undeveloped farmland on the Cambridge side around Lechmere Point from various owners (including Mary Lechmere and heirs) in preparation for building the bridge. The investors incorporated in 1807 with a charter to build a bridge from Leverett Street in the West End, Boston to the eastern end of Lechmere Point. One-third of shares were owned by the Middlesex Canal Corporation.[4]

The bridge opened in 1809, and came to be known as Craigie's Bridge. The construction of the bridge prompted the laying out of roads to the center of Cambridge (now Cambridge Street, running to Harvard Square) and Somerville/Medford (Bridge Street, now Monsignor O'Brien Highway/Massachusetts Route 28). Craigie and associates, who formed the Lechemere Point Corporation, benefited from the building boom that followed, spurred on by their efforts to expand the public street grid.[5] Residential cross streets were constructed and some were named after investors (Otis, Thorndike, and Gore).[6][7] The bridge was sold to the Hancock Free Bridge Corporation in 1846,[8] and became toll-free on January 30, 1858.[9]

The current bridge was constructed in 1910, along with the dam that turned the lower Charles River from a tidal estuary into a fresh-water basin. This reduced the problematic odor from raw sewage flowing into the river by keeping the formerly tidal lands covered with water.[10] It was completed on June 30, and greeted with a two-hour fireworks display that Fourth of July. Thousands of people watched from the new Boston Embankment (the early Charles River Esplanade), which took the place of the former tidal flats.[11]

Construction of the Museum of Science began on the dam in 1948, and finished in 1951.

2010–2011 construction project

The Massachusetts Department of Transportation completed a 2-year project to rehabilitate the Craigie Bridge and to completely replace the drawbridge in 2011. The project required the closure of the Boston-bound lanes from November 6, 2010, through mid December 2010, and again from early February 2011 through mid-April 2011, necessitating traffic detours.[12] This was paid for out of borrowed funds as part of the statewide Accelerated Bridge Program.

2019 bicycle safety project

In November 2018, a Boston University graduate student was killed by a dump truck while bicycling on the bridge as both turned right onto Museum Way.[13] The next month, MassDOT announced that dedicated bicycle signals and protected bicycle lanes would be added in summer 2019, dropping automobile traffic to two lanes in each direction.[14]

See also

Footnotes
  1. U.S. Coast Pilot, volume 1, Atlantic Coast: Eastport to Cape Cod. NOAA. 2008. p. 69.
  2. "East Cambridge Map" (PDF). Cambridge Community Development Department. City of Cambridge, MA. 23 June 2016. Retrieved Dec 18, 2019.
  3. Clark, Mary Stetson; The Old Middlesex Canal; Hilltop Press, Medford MA,1974, p-42
  4. Publications. The Society. 1911. p. 60. Retrieved 25 October 2018 – via Internet Archive. craigie bridge middlesex canal.
  5. Publications, p. 60
  6. Paige, Lucius Robinson (25 October 1877). History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630 - 1877: With a Genealogical Register. H. O. Houghton. p. 183. Retrieved 25 October 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  7. Publications. The Society. 1911. p. 60. Retrieved 25 October 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  8. Publications, p. 61
  9. History of Cambridge, p. 201-202
  10. "Boston vs. the rising tide". Boston Globe. 2018-04-28. Archived from the original on 2018-05-05. Retrieved 2018-06-06.
  11. "100 years of celebrating the Fourth of July at Esplanade". The Boston Globe. 2010-07-04. Retrieved 2010-08-11.
  12. "Traffic Information - Charles River Basin Project". Archived from the original on 2010-10-22. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  13. Cyclist killed is identified as BU graduate student
  14. State to begin work in June to improve bike safety on road near Museum of Science

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles River Dam Bridge.
  • The Cambridge Historical Society (1911). Publications. Vol. V.
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