Crista terminalis

Crista terminalis
Crista terminalis
	Interior of the heart, frontal view (crista terminalis labeled on the left, second from the top)
Details
Identifiers
Latin	Crista terminalis atrii dextri
TA98	A12.1.01.003
TA2	4025
FMA	9236
	Anatomical terminology

The crista terminalis (also known as the terminal crest, or crista terminalis of His[1]) is a vertical ridge on the[2]^: 56 posterolateral[3] inner surface of the adult right atrium extending between the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava.[2]^: 56 The crista terminalis denotes where the junction of the embryologic sinus venosus and the right atrium occurred during embryonic development.[3] It forms a boundary between the rough[2]^: 56 trabecular[4] portion and the smooth, sinus venosus-derived portion (sinus venarum) of the internal surface of the right atrium. The sinoatrial node is located within the crista terminalis.[2]^: 56

Anatomy

The crista terminalis is generally takes the form of a smooth-surfaced, crescent-shaped thickened portion of heart muscle at the opening into the right atrial appendage. It consists of fibromuscular tissue.[3]

Features

On the external aspect of the right atrium, corresponding to the crista terminalis, is a groove - the terminal sulcus.

The crista terminalis provides the origin for the pectinate muscles.

The sinoatrial node is located in the superior part of the crista terminalis at the junction of the right atrium, and superior vena cava.[2]^: 60

Development

During the development of the human heart, the right horn and transverse portion of the sinus venosus ultimately become incorporated with and form a part of the adult right atrium.[1] The right sinus horn[4] of the sinus venosus develops into the sinus venarum; in the adult right atrium, the portion of right atrium derived from the sinus venosus has a smooth inner surface.[2]^: 56

Clinical significance

A prominent crista terminalis may be mistaken for a cardiac mass during heart imaging; a prominent crista terminalis appears as a hyperechoic ridge on echocardiography, and homogenous to adjacent atrial wall on CT and MRI.[3]

References

Gray, Henry (1918). Gray's Anatomy (20th ed.). p. 509.
Morton, David A. (2019). The Big Picture: Gross Anatomy. K. Bo Foreman, Kurt H. Albertine (2nd ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1-259-86264-9. OCLC 1044772257.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Pieper, Matthew S.; Araoz, Philip A. (2016-01-01), Herrmann, Joerg (ed.), "Chapter 5 - Cardiac Tumors: Imaging", Clinical Cardio-Oncology, Elsevier, pp. 77–90, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-44227-5.00005-3, ISBN 978-0-323-44227-5, retrieved 2020-11-17
T. W., Sadler (2018). Langman's Medical Embryology (14th ed.). Philadelphia. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-4963-8390-7. OCLC 1042400100.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links

Anatomy photo:20:13-0106 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Heart: Chamber of Right Atrium"
Atlas image: ht_rt_atrium at the University of Michigan Health System - "Right atrium, internal structure, anterior view"
Diagram at ctsnet.org

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[:3-1] Gray, Henry (1918). Gray's Anatomy (20th ed.). p. 509.

[:1-2] Morton, David A. (2019). The Big Picture: Gross Anatomy. K. Bo Foreman, Kurt H. Albertine (2nd ed.). New York. ISBN 978-1-259-86264-9. OCLC 1044772257.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[:0-3] Pieper, Matthew S.; Araoz, Philip A. (2016-01-01), Herrmann, Joerg (ed.), "Chapter 5 - Cardiac Tumors: Imaging", Clinical Cardio-Oncology, Elsevier, pp. 77–90, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-44227-5.00005-3, ISBN 978-0-323-44227-5, retrieved 2020-11-17

[:2-4] T. W., Sadler (2018). Langman's Medical Embryology (14th ed.). Philadelphia. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-4963-8390-7. OCLC 1042400100.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)