Dürrinev Kadın

Dürrinev Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: درنو قادین; "young shine"; called also Dürrünev Kadın, born Princess Melek Dziapş-lpa; "Angel"; 15 March 1835 – 4 December 1895) was the BaşKadin ("Chief Woman") of Sultan Abdulaziz of the Ottoman Empire.[1]

In this Ottoman Turkish style name, the given name is Dürrinev, the title is Kadın, and there is no family name.
Dürrinev Kadın
BornPrincess Melek Dziapş-İpa
15 March 1835
Batumi, Georgia
Died4 December 1895(1895-12-04) (aged 60)
Feriye Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
(present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Burial
Sultan Mahmud II Mausoleum, Çemberlitaş, Fatih, Istanbul
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1856; died 1876)​
Issue
Names
Turkish: Dürrinev Kadın
Ottoman Turkish: درنو قادین
HouseDziapş-İpa (by birth)
Ottoman (by marriage)
FatherMahmud Dziapş-lpa
MotherHalime Çikotua
ReligionSunni Islam

Early life

Dürrinev Kadın was born on 15 March 1835[2][3] in Batumi, Georgia. Born as princess Melek Dziapş-lpa, she was a member of the Abkhazian Dziapş-lpa family. Her father was prince Mahmud Bey Dziapş-lpa,[4][5] and her mother was princess Halime Hanım Çikotua, an Abkhazian.[5] She had two younger sisters. The first was princess Ayşe Kemalifer Hanım (1838 – 1901. She married Ömer Pasha. Her younger daughter, Esma Süreyya Cavidan Hanım became the second consort of Durrinev's son, Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin, while one of her granddaughters, Emine Nurbanu Hidayet Hanim became a consort of Şehzade Mehmed Burhaneddin, son of Sultan Abdülhamid II). The second was princess Aliye Hanım, who married prince Ismail Çikotua and was mother of Nazperver Kadın, consort of Sultan Mehmed V.[6]

She had been brought to Istanbul as a young child, where her father entrusted her to the imperial harem together with her sister Ayşe. The two of them were then placed in the service of Sultan Abdulmejid I's first wife Servetseza Kadın, where her name according to the custom of the Ottoman court was changed to Dürrinev. She was given a good education: she spoke French without an accent, she was a good pianist and a good painter. She made paintings which he gave to Bezmiâlem Sultan and Servetseza Kadin. She was blonde and with hazel eyes.[4]

Marriage

One day, when Abdulaziz was in his twenties, he visited his sister-in-law Servetseza Kadın. Here he saw Dürrinev, then twenty one years old, and fell in love with her. He asked his sister-in-law to give him Dürrünev in marriage, but she flatly refused. However, after the prince's pleading to Servetseza, she acceded to her brother-in-law's demand. The marriage took place on 20 May 1856 in the Dolmabahçe Palace.[6]

Dürrinev gave birth to the couple's first child, a son, Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin on 11 October 1857, who was Abdülaziz's favorite son. Since her husband was not yet sultan, they were forbidden to have children. The child was then hidden until his father ascended the throne.[7] After Abdulaziz's accession to the throne on 25 June 1861,[8] Dürrünev was installed the principal consort with the title of "BaşKadin".[9] On 10 August 1862, she gave birth to her second child, a daughter, Fatma Saliha Sultan.[10] Four years later, on 28 October 1866, she gave birth to her third child, a son, Şehzade Mehmed Selim, who died at the age of one on 21 October 1867.[11]

In 1869, she met with the Princess of Wales Alexandra of Denmark, when the latter visited Istanbul with her husband Prince of Wales Edward (future Edward VII).[12][13] Maria Georgina Grey described her during the visit:

The Sultan has only one wife, and she, in the presence of the old Sultana (his mother), is according to their etiquette, not allowed to speak, and I think it was only in honor of our visit that she was not obliged to sit on the floor...The young Sultana (the wife) had a very nice, distinguished face, according to our taste, but is not admired here at all, being considered too thin. She was dressed quite in the European style: a low evening dress covered with lace, and a long train, the Turkish star and ribbon over her shoulder, and, in short, dressed like any European princess.[14]

Abdulaziz was deposed by his ministers on 30 May 1876, his nephew Murad V became the Sultan.[15] He was transferred to Feriye Palace the next day.[16] Dürrinev, and other women of Abdulaziz's entourage didn't wanted to leave the Dolmabahçe Palace. So they were grabbed by hand and were send out to the Feriye Palace. Dürrinev was imprisoned in the rooms above Abdülaziz's with Şemifer e Zevkyab Hanım. In the process, they were searched from head to toe and everything of value was taken from them.[17] On 4 June 1876,[18] Abdulaziz died under mysterious circumstances. When his body was shown to Dürrinev, she fainted.[19]

Death

Abdülaziz's wives were released on Abdülhamid II's accession to the throne in September 1876, but Dürrinev continued to live in Feriye Palace. Dürrinev Kadın died on 4 December[3] 1895[9] at the Feriye Palace,[3] and was buried in the mausoleum of Sultan Mahmud II, located at Divan Yolu street, Istanbul.[3][20]

Issue
NameBirthDeathNotes
Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin 11 October 1857[21][9][7]  1 February 1916[9][7] married six times, and had issue, two sons and two daughters
Fatma Saliha Sultan 10 August 1862[22][10][23]  1941[10][23] married once, and had issue, one daughter
Şehzade Mehmed Selim 28 October 1866[21] 21 October 1867[21] born and died in infancy in Dolmabahçe Palace; buried in tomb of Mahmud II

See also

References
  1. Milletlerarası Türk Halk Kültürü Kongresi (1997). Beşinci Milletlerarası Türk Halk Kültürü Kongresi. Kültür Bakanlığı. p. 10. ISBN 978-9-751-71757-3.
  2. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 640.
  3. Ünlü, Hasan (2019). Veliahd Yusuf İzzeddin Efendi (1857-1916) (Thesis). Mimar Sinan Fine Art University Institute of Social Sciences. p. 10.
  4. Açba 2004, p. 22.
  5. Tuna, M. (2007). İlk Türk kadın ressam: Mihri Rasim (Müşfik) Açba : 1886 İstanbul-1954 New-York. As yayınları. As Yayın. p. 23. ISBN 978-975-01725-0-2.
  6. Açba 2004, pp. 22–23.
  7. Brookes 2010, p. 291.
  8. Davison, Roderic H. (December 8, 2015). Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876. Princeton University Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-1-400-87876-5.
  9. Uluçay 2011, p. 232.
  10. Uluçay 2011, p. 234.
  11. Uçan, Lâle (2019a). Dolmabahçe Sarayı'nda Çocuk Olmak: Sultan Abdülaziz'in Şehzâdelerinin ve Sultanefendilerinin Çocukluk Yaşantılarından Kesitler. FSM İlmî Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi. p. 232.
  12. Cherry, Debrah; Halland, Janice (2006). Local/global: Women Artists in the Nineteenth Century. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-754-63197-2.
  13. Russel, Sir William Howard (1869). A Diary in the East During the Tour of the Prince and Princess of Wales, Volume 1. G. Routledge. p. 492.
  14. Grey, Maria Georgina Shirreff (1870). Journal of a Visit to Egypt, Constantinople, the Crimea, Greece, &c:In the Suite of the Prince and Princess of Wales. Harper. pp. 165–166.
  15. Zürcher, Erik J. (October 15, 2004). Turkey: A Modern History, Revised Edition. I.B.Tauris. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-850-43399-6.
  16. Shaw, Stanford J.; Shaw, Ezel Kural (1976). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 2, Reform, Revolution, and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey 1808-1975, Volume 11. Cambridge University Press. pp. 164. ISBN 978-0-521-29166-8.
  17. Brookes 2010, p. 40.
  18. Davison, Roderic H. (December 8, 2015). Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876. Princeton University Press. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-400-87876-5.
  19. Brookes 2010, p. 43.
  20. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 641.
  21. Uçan 2019, p. 24.
  22. Uçan 2019, p. 23.
  23. Brookes 2010, p. 289.

Sources
  • Açba, Leyla (2004). Bir Çerkes prensesinin harem hatıraları. L & M. ISBN 978-9-756-49131-7.
  • Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5.
  • Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
  • Uçan, Lâle (2019). Son Halife Abdülmecid Efendi'nin Hayatı - Şehzâlik, Veliahtlık ve Halifelik Yılları (PDF) (PhD Thesis). Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Uluçay, Mustafa Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara: Ötüken. ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5.
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