DRG Class 85

The Class 85 was a German goods train tank engine and standard locomotive (Einheitslok) with the Deutsche Reichsbahn.

DRG Class 85
Type and origin
BuilderHenschel & Sohn
Build date1932–1933
Total produced10
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-10-2T
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Leading dia.850 mm (2 ft 9+1⁄2 in)
Driver dia.1,400 mm (4 ft 7+1⁄8 in)
Trailing dia.850 mm (2 ft 9+1⁄2 in)
Length:
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 • Over beams16,300 mm (53 ft 5+3⁄4 in)
Width3,050 mm (10 ft 1⁄16 in)
Height4,550 mm (14 ft 11+1⁄8 in)
Axle load20.1 tonnes (19.8 long tons; 22.2 short tons)
Adhesive weight99.7 tonnes (98.1 long tons; 109.9 short tons)
Empty weight107.5 tonnes (105.8 long tons; 118.5 short tons)
Service weight133.6 tonnes (131.5 long tons; 147.3 short tons)
Fuel capacityCoal: 4.5 tonnes (4.4 long tons; 5.0 short tons)
Water cap.14 m3 (490 cu ft) or 14,000 litres (3,100 imp gal; 3,700 US gal)
Boiler:
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No. of heating tubes155
No. of smoke tubes41
Heating tube length4,700 mm (15 ft 5 in)
Boiler pressure14 bar (1.4 MPa; 200 psi)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes		180.31 m2 (1,940.8 sq ft)
 • Firebox3.55 m2 (38.2 sq ft)
 • Radiative15 m2 (160 sq ft)
 • Evaporative195.31 m2 (2,102.3 sq ft)
Superheater:
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 • Heating area72.50 m2 (780.4 sq ft)
Cylinders3
Cylinder size600 mm (23+5⁄8 in)
Piston stroke660 mm (26 in)
Performance figures
Maximum speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Indicated power1,103 kW (1,500 PS; 1,480 hp)
Tractive effort:
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 • Starting280 kN (62,900 lbf)
Career
NumbersDRG 85 001 – 85 010
Retired1961

History

In 1931, the DRG ordered ten locomotives from the firm of Henschel that were taken into the fleet as numbers 85 001 to 85 010. The Class 85 was intended for hauling passenger and goods trains. They were however also employed as pusher locomotives on the Höllentalbahn in the Black Forest. Thanks to this engine, the Höllental Railway could do away with rack railway operations from 1933. The running gear and the superheated system were taken from the Class 44. The boiler, with a few minor alterations, was the same as that of the Class 62. All the locomotives were stabled at the Freiburg shed. Apart from number 85 004, which was lost in the Second World War, all the engines were in operation in the Black Forest until 1961, the year the route was converted from experimental electrical operations with 20 kV/50 Hz lines to the usual Deutsche Bundesbahn standard of 15 kV  16.7 Hz AC. One engine, number 85 007, was still in service in Wuppertal until the end of the year, but they were all retired by the beginning of the next year.

Preserved locomotives

Number 85 007 belongs to the town of Freiburg im Breisgau. It is not operational, but is maintained by the Bahn-Sozialwerk-Gruppe. The engine is housed in the former locomotive shed.

References
    • Hütter, Ingo (2021). Die Dampflokomotiven der Baureihen 60 bis 91 der DRG, DRB, DB, und DR (in German). Werl: DGEG Medien. pp. 265–267. ISBN 978-3-946594-21-5.
    • Scharf, Hans; Wollny, Burkhard (1987). Die Höllentalbahn (in German). Freiburg: EK Verlag. ISBN 3-88255-780-X.
    • Weisbrod, Manfred; Müller, Hans; Petznik, Wolfgang (1978). Dampflokomotiven deutscher Eisenbahnen, Baureihe 60–96 (EFA 1.3) (in German) (4th ed.). Düsseldorf: Alba. pp. 114–116. ISBN 3-87094-083-2.
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