Daemusin of Goguryeo

King Daemusin (4–44, r. 18–44) was the third ruler of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He led early Goguryeo through a period of massive territorial expansion, conquering several smaller nations and the powerful kingdom of Eastern Buyeo.

Daemusin of Goguryeo
Crown Prince of Goguryeo
ReignAD 14–18
Coronation14 AD
PredecessorCrown Prince Haemyeong
SuccessorCrown Prince Haeu
King of Goguryeo
ReignAD 18–44
Coronation18 AD
PredecessorKing Yuri(myeong)
SuccessorKing Minjung
BornMuhyul/Miryu[1]
4 AD
Died44 AD
Burial
Daesuchonwon
(대수촌원, 大獸村原)
SpousePrimary Consort
Secondary Consort
IssueHodong
Haeu
Regnal name
King Daejuryu
(대주류왕, 大朱留王)
King Daehaejuryu
(대해주류왕, 大解朱留王[2])
King Sin of Northern State
(북국신왕, 北國神王[3])
HouseHouse of Go
FatherYuri of Goguryeo
MotherQueen Song
Daemusin of Goguryeo
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationDaemusin-wang
McCune–ReischauerTa'emusin-wang
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHae Muhyul
McCune–ReischauerHae Muhy'ul
Monarchs of Korea
Goguryeo
  1. Chumo c. 37–19 BC
  2. Yuri 19 BC–18 AD
  3. Daemusin 18–44
  4. Minjung 44–48
  5. Mobon 48–53
  6. Taejodae 53–146
  7. Chadae 146–165
  8. Sindae 165–179
  9. Gogukcheon 179–197
  10. Sansang 197–227
  11. Dongcheon 227–248
  12. Jungcheon 248–270
  13. Seocheon 270–292
  14. Bongsang 292–300
  15. Micheon 300–331
  16. Gogugwon 331–371
  17. Sosurim 371–384
  18. Gogugyang 384–391
  19. Gwanggaeto the Great 391–413
  20. Jangsu 413–491
  21. Munja 491–519
  22. Anjang 519–531
  23. Anwon 531–545
  24. Yangwon 545–559
  25. Pyeongwon 559–590
  26. Yeongyang 590–618
  27. Yeongnyu 618–642
  28. Bojang 642–668

Biography

He was born as Prince Muhyul, the third son of King Yuri. At 11 years old he became the crown prince, as the next in line to the throne had committed suicide, and became king upon his father's death four years later.

Daemusin strengthened central rule of Goguryeo and expanded its territory. He annexed Dongbuyeo and killed its king Daeso in 22 AD. In 26 AD he conquered Gaema-guk, along the Amnok River, and later conquered Guda-guk.

After fending off China's attack in 28, he sent his son, Prince Hodong, who was about 16 at the time, to attack the Nangnang Commandery. He also defeated the Nakrang Kingdom in northwestern Korea in 32. He destroyed Nangnang in 37,[4][5] but an Eastern Han army sent by Emperor Guangwu of Han, captured it in 44. He was buried in Daesuchonwon.

In the legend of Prince Hodong and the Princess of Nakrang Daemusin was said to have sent his son into deceiving the princess of Nakrang into destroying the drum that would have warned them for a coming invasion.[6]

Family
  • Father: King Yuri (유리명왕, 瑠璃明王)[7][8]
  • Mother: Queen, of the Song clan (왕후 송씨, 王后 松氏)
    • Grandfather: Song Yang, Marquis Damul (송양 다물후, 松讓 多勿侯)
  • Consorts and their respective issue(s):
  1. Unknown lady ("Primary consort" (원비))
    1. Son: Prince Haeu (해우, 解憂; d. 53 AD)
  2. Lady Hae ("Secondary consort" (차비))[11]
    1. Son: Prince Hodong (호동, 好童; d. 32 AD) – married Princess Nakrang (낙랑공주; d. 32 AD).

Modern depiction

Film and television

Others

In recent times, Daemusin served as a model for the famous Manhwa and video game Nexus: The Kingdom of the Winds.

Significance of title

King Muhyul was given the title Daemusin wang, which literally means "Great Holy Warrior King". As with most Goguryeo kings, little is known about Muhyul except for what is stated in some ancient Korean sources. Some historians have inferred that the giving of such an extreme title to this man must mean that he led Goguryeo through many outstanding military accomplishments, possibly more than he is given credit for in historical texts. Another school of thought declares that the destruction of East Buyeo in itself, was an almost unthinkable feat at the time, meaning East Buyeo was a powerful kingdom according to these select scholars.

Not all Goguryeo rulers were given special titles posthumously or in their lifetime. Most Goguryeo rulers were posthumously given titles based on the place of their burial. Only a select few, such as King Gwanggaeto the Great and King Dongmyeong, were given such "significant" posthumous names.

See also

References
  1. 《Samguk Yusa》
  2. 〈광개토왕릉비〉
  3. 《Samguk Sagi》
  4. New History of Korea. Written by Lee Hyun Hee, Park Sung Soo, Yoon Nae Hyung; published by Jimundang. Published in year 2005.
  5. Yong-ho Ch'oe, Reinterpreting Traditional History in North Korea. The Journal of Asian Studies, 40, 503-523.
  6. Samguk Sagi
  7. "유리왕(琉璃王) - 한국민족문화대백과사전".
  8. "유리명왕 - 나무위키".
  9. "동명왕신화 - 한국민족문화대백과사전".
  10. "고구려의 건국 시조, 동명왕".
  11. "차비 해씨 - 나무위키".
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