Dalgona

Dalgona (달고나) is a Korean candy made with melted sugar and baking soda originating from South Korea.[1][2] It is a popular street snack from the 1960s, and is still eaten as a retro food.[3] When a pinch of baking soda is mixed into melted sugar, the thermal decomposition of the baking soda releases carbon dioxide, which makes the liquidized sugar puff up and becomes a light and crunchy candy once cooled and hardened.[4] Typically, the creamy beige liquid is poured on a flat surface, pressed flat, and stamped using a cookie cutter giving off the image on the candy such as a star or a heart. Consumers try to trim their way around the outline on the snack without breaking the picture as a challenge.[4] Traditionally, if this trimming is completed without breaking the candy, the consumer receives another free dalgona from the seller.[5]

Dalgona
TypeSugar candy
Place of originSouth Korea
Associated cuisineKorean cuisine
Main ingredientsSugar, baking soda
Similar dishesHoneycomb toffee
Korean name
Hangul
달고나
Revised Romanizationdalgona
McCune–Reischauertalgona
IPA[tal.ɡo.na]

Modern cafes in Korea serve novel dalgona coffee beverages where dalgona-flavoured coffee cream is heaped on top of iced tea or coffee,[6] as well as pastries such as scones.[7] Some cafes also used dalgona to make desserts such as bingsu and souffle.[8][9]

Dalgona appeared in an episode of the Netflix series Squid Game, with a deadly version of the dalgona challenge being the second game played in the series. The success and international popularity of the show led to a revival of the candy's popularity in South Korea along with the rising prevalence around the world.[10][11] Sales have doubled for dalgona street vendors as foreigners become more interested in the candy.[12][13] People have also taken to social media such as TikTok and YouTube to make their own candy at home as a challenge and as a cooking recipe.[14]

Name

Dalgona was originally a term specific for expensive candies that use glucose which did not use a mold, while ppopgi was originally candies that use sugar and thus could be easily molded into shapes such as stars and circles. Due to problems with dalgona regarding its susceptibility to mould, the word dalgona began to refer to the same food as ppopgi.[15][16] In the Gyeonggi Province, including Seoul and Incheon, it was mainly called dalgona and ppopgi, but the names vary from region to region.[17][18]

  • ttigi (띠기):[18] Representatively, it was used in Daejeon, and other regions were used in most of Chungcheong Province except Cheongju and most of Jeolla Province except Gwangju. Ttigi reflects the characteristics of Chungcheong and Jeolla dialects in which the vowel e(ㅔ) is converted into i(ㅣ), and when changed to a standard language, it becomes ttegi(떼기).
  • gukja (국자):[18] It was mainly used in Daegu and North Gyeongsang Province, and it is said to have been called a gukja (ladle) because it was made and eaten in a ladle. In addition, it was also called pajjakkung (파짜꿍), but it is not as strong as a gukja.
  • jjokja (쪽자):[18] It was mainly used in the South Gyeongsang Province, and it is presumed to have originated from the dialect of the ladle, but it is not accurate.
  • orittegi / orittigi (오리떼기/오리띠기):[18] It was mainly used in Masan and is said to have originated from the dialect of "cutting (오려|oreo) and pulling (떼기|ttegi)".
  • ttong-gwaja (똥과자):[18] In Busan, it is said that it was also called ttong-gwaja in addition to jjokja. As the name suggests, it was called ttong-gwaja (poop cookie) because it looked like a poop.
  • ttegi (떼기):[18] It is said that in Jeju Island, like Chungcheong and Jeolla, it was called ttegi by borrowing the standard language itself without transforming it into ttigi, a dialect form. Exceptionally, it is said that it was also called tikka (띠까) in some areas of Seogwipo.

From the 1970-80s to the early 2000s, when the popularity of ppopgi was in full swing, the media had little influence, so the names were different for each region. However, generations later, the spread of smartphones and the influence of the media from the Gyeonggi region have increased, which the other regions became naturally exposed to the media. Since then, these regional names have become more obscure, and most middle and high school students simply now call them dalgona.

  • Making dalgona on yeontan (coal briquettes)
    Making dalgona on yeontan (coal briquettes)
  • Dalgona
    Dalgona
  • A child trying to poke a shape out of dalgona
    A child trying to poke a shape out of dalgona
  • dagona tea and coffee
    Dalgona-flavoured coffee cream on iced tea at a modern Seoul cafe
  • Dalgona-flavored popcorn
    Dalgona-flavored popcorn

See also
Look up dalgona in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References
  1. AsiaToday (31 January 2017). "Korean Cuisine Introduced at JNU International Food Festival". Huffington Post. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  2. Cho, Chung-un (24 February 2017). "[Eye Plus] Forgotten past relived at Tongin Market". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  3. Seoul Metropolitan Government (2010). Seoul Guide Book. Seoul: Gil-Job-E Media. p. 150.
  4. Sohn, Ji-young (3 December 2015). "Creative, eye-catching goods available at Seoul Design Market". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  5. "How to Make Dalgona Candy! Play Ppopgi from Squid Game". Honest Food Talks. 2021-09-30. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
  6. Chan, Bernice (7 April 2020). "Story behind dalgona coffee, coronavirus social media craze with roots in South Korea". South China Morning Post. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  7. "띵~ 할만큼 달아서… 코로나 두통이 날아가네". news.chosun.com (in Korean). 2020-03-10. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
  8. 김, 나경 (2021-03-10). "'아내의 맛' 홍현희♥제이쓴, #100억 매출 카페CEO #달고나 수플레의 운명". 한경닷컴 (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2021-05-01. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
  9. 김, 경희. "빙수·스무디·플랫치노 등 이른 더위에 여름 시즌 음료 잇달아 출시". digitalchosun (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2021-04-29. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
  10. Schlitz, Heather. "I tried making the dalgona candy popularized worldwide by 'Squid Game' and TikTok, and it was surprisingly easy". Business Insider. Retrieved 2022-07-14.
  11. "Here's how to make viral Dalgona candy from Netflix's Squid Game". The Indian Express. 2021-10-05. Retrieved 2022-07-14.
  12. Park, Minwoo; Cha, Sangmi (2021-10-01). "Seller basks in 'Squid Game' fame of his 'sweet and deadly' treat". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
  13. Morales, Christina (October 5, 2021). "Why Is Everyone Talking About Dalgona Candy?". The New York Times. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  14. Breen, Kerry. "What is the 'Squid Game' cookie craze? The viral food challenge explained". TODAY.com. Archived from the original on 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2021-10-03.
  15. Kim sung yoon (2021-10-09). "[아무튼, 주말] 침 바른 이정재는 반칙, 바늘 달군 한미녀가 정답?". Chosun Ilbo.
  16. Ko seok hyun (2021-10-05). "이정재가 핥은건 가짜 달고나? '오징어게임' 속 뜻밖 논란". Joongang Ilbo.
  17. "요즘 사람들은 잘 모른다는 '달고나'와 '뽑기' 차이 / 스브스뉴스" [The difference between 'Dalgona' and 'Ppopgi' that people these days don't know. / SBS News]. YouTube.
  18. "'뽑기' '달고나' 어떻게 부르셨나요?". Moneytoday. 2015-04-14.
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