Defence lines of the Netherlands

Overview of the Dutch defence lines in 1940

Roman Defence Line

Pre 1874 Defence Lines
  • Circumvallatielinie van Groenlo [1][2]
  • Frisian Water Line (Friese Waterlinie)
  • Groningse Waterlinie
  • Helperlinie
  • West Brabant waterline
  • Linie van Beverwijk
  • Linie van de Eems
  • Linie van de Eendracht
  • Linie van Noord-Holland
  • Oostfrontier
  • Hollandic Water Line (Oude Hollandse Waterlinie)
  • Positie van 's-Hertogenbosch
  • Posten van Krayenhoff
  • Staats - Spaanse Linies
  • Stelling West Noord-Brabant
  • Zijper Stelling
  • Zuider Frontier

Fortification Law 1874

The Vestingwet[3] (eng: Fortification Law) or Wet tot regeling en voltooiing van het vestingstelsel (eng: Law to regulate and complete the fortification) was signed on 18 April 1874. The law dealt with the defence of the Netherlands against enemy attacks.

The main principle was defence by flooding where as the army of the Netherlands would withdraw to the area around Amsterdam. After the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) it became clear that a new defence plan was needed. The law was made by the Minister of War August Weitzel under King Willem III. The Law became dysfunctional at 28 March 1938.

Interbellum (1918 - 1940)
  • Bath & Zanddijk Stellingen
  • Geullinie
  • Grebbe Line (Grebbelinie)
  • IJssel Line (IJssellinie)
  • Kazematten Afsluitdijk
  • Maaslinie
  • Linge - Waallinie
  • Oranjestelling
  • Peel-Raam Line (Peel-Raamstelling)
  • Waal-Maaslinie
  • Weerstandslinies Noord-Oost Nederland

World War II (1939 - 1945)

During the occupation of the Netherlands, the Germans made fortifications to stop the Allies from liberating the Netherlands and to protect their V2 rocket platforms in the Netherlands. The Germans built new defence lines like the Atlantic Wall but also reused the Dutch defence line like the Grebbe line.

  • Assenerstellung / Frieslandriegel
  • Atlantic Wall (Atlantikwall)
  • Brabantstellung
  • Vordere Wasserstellung
  • Hintere Wasserstellung
  • Panther Line (Pantherstellung) [6]
  • IJsselstellung

Cold War (1946 - 1991)

During the cold war a defence line was created to slow down the Russian attack on the Netherlands.[7]

Maps of the Defence Lines
  • Stelling van AmsterdamDefence line of Amsterdam
    Stelling van Amsterdam
    Defence line of Amsterdam
  • Oude Nederlandse waterlinieHollandic Water Line
    Oude Nederlandse waterlinie
    Hollandic Water Line
  • Nieuwe Nederlandse waterlinieNew Hollandic Water Line
    Nieuwe Nederlandse waterlinie
    New Hollandic Water Line
  • Stelling van het Hollands Diep en VolkerakDefence line of Hollands Diep en Volkerak
    Stelling van het Hollands Diep en Volkerak
    Defence line of Hollands Diep en Volkerak
  • West Brabantse waterlinieWest Brabentse Water line
    West Brabantse waterlinie
    West Brabentse Water line
  • GrebbelinieGrebbe line
    Grebbelinie
    Grebbe line
  • Peel-RaamstellingPeel-Raam line
    Peel-Raamstelling
    Peel-Raam line
  • Circumvallatielinie van GroenloCircumvallation of Groenlo
    Circumvallatielinie van Groenlo
    Circumvallation of Groenlo
  • AtlantikwallAtlantic Wall
    Atlantikwall
    Atlantic Wall

References
  1. http://www.engelseschans.nl/ Site with English summary
  2. http://www.circumvallatielinie.nl/ Dutch site with new discovered parts of the line
  3. http://www.forten.info/index.htm?http://www.forten.info/wetten/vestingwet.htm Text of the Fortification Law
  4. http://www.grebbelinie.nl/ Dutch site of the Grebbe Line
  5. http://www.stelling-van-amsterdam.nl/?art_id=57 English information about the Defence Line of Amsterdam
  6. http://www.grebbelinie.nl/page/pantherstellung Dutch information about the Pantherstellung
  7. http://www.ijssellinie.nl/ENGELS/index.html Archived 2012-04-26 at the Wayback Machine English information about the IJssel Line

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